65 results about "Cytoplast" patented technology

Heterologous synthesis of a nitrogen-fixing system in a non-diazotrophic organism is a long-sought-after goal because of the significance of nitrogenase for areas related to agronomy, energy and environment. Two simplified nitrogenase analogs from Azotobacter vinelandii in Escherichia coli were successfully heterologously synthesized. One analog comprise the reductase component (NifH) and, in place of the catalytic component (NifDK), a cofactor maturase (NifEN); whereas the other analog comprised only NifEN. Metal, EPR and activity analyses verified the cluster composition and functional competence of the heterologously expressed NifH and NifEN. Moreover, NMR, nanoSIMS and growth experiments illustrated the abilities of both systems to mimic the nitrogenase in reducing N2 and incorporating the reduced N into the cellular mass. These results firmly established NifEN / NifH or NifEN as a simplified nitrogenase analog that could be engineered or expanded to facilitate future transgenic expression of nitrogenase and development of nitrogenase-based biotechnological applications.

The invention discloses a molecular marker for identifying pepper male sterility recovery traits and application of the molecular marker, and belongs to the technical field of molecular biology, the invention develops two molecular markers dCAPS and KASP for screening pepper cytoplasmic male sterility recovery traits, PR-dCAPS and PR-KASP primers developed by the invention enrich a marker library for screening the pepper male sterility recovery traits, and the molecular markers are used for identifying the pepper male sterility recovery traits. The problems that a molecular marker is narrow in application range, and more materials carrying capsicum cytoplasmic male sterility restoring genes cannot be screened out are solved. The two molecular markers dCAPS and KASP provided by the invention can be used for effectively identifying the variety, strain and single plant of pepper containing the restoring gene associated with the molecular markers, and the markers can also be used for carrying out resultant identification on the fertility restoration of pepper commercial species, so that the breeding time is greatly shortened, the working efficiency is improved, and the molecular markers have wide market application prospects.

The invention relates to a yarrowia lipolytica strain for producing tyrosol as well as a construction method and application of the yarrowia lipolytica strain, and belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering. According to the present invention, ScADH6, ScARO10F138L and D218G genes are expressed in the yarrowia lipolytica W29 [delta] KU70; the shikimic acid feedback inhibition is relieved by expressing the Y1ARO3K225L gene, the Y1ARO4K2214 gene and the Y1AR07G139S gene; pmLAAD, EcTyrAM53I and A354V genes are introduced, so that the conversion from FAD to FADH2 is promoted, and the supply of NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Hormone) in cytoplasm is enhanced; a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPD) gene is knocked out; and overexpressing Y1DHS1, Y1DHS2 and Y1DHS3 genes of a shikimic acid pathway to obtain the yarrowia lipolytica strain HY5 for producing tyrosol. The invention lays a foundation for industrial production of tyrosol, and has important social significance and economic value.

The invention discloses a virus-like particle coated with an aluminum-containing metal organic framework mineralization layer and application of the virus-like particle. In order to improve the VLPs vaccine stability and immune effect, the invention synthesizes a novel aluminum-containing metal organic framework (ZAM). The ZAM can mineralize the VLPs at a high level under a mild condition to form the VLPs-ZAM nano vaccine. Taking a foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) virus-like particle (VLPs) vaccine as an example, a heat treatment test shows that ZAM mineralization significantly improves the heat stability of FMDVVLPs, and the effect is superior to that of Al (OH) 3 and ZIF-8. The FMDV VLPs-ZAM not only has the effect of promoting APCs to take in FMDVVLPs, but also can promote antigens to escape from lysosome to cytoplasm due to the pH responsiveness of the FMDV VLPs-ZAM. A mouse immune test shows that ZAM mineralization improves the specific immune response level and stability induced by FMDV VLPs. The invention provides a new technical means for improving the stability of the VLPs vaccine and the immune effect of the VLPs vaccine.

This invention discloses a rapid method for creating wheat CMS maintainer lines based on recurrent selection and double haploid technology. The method involves crossing a CMS sterile line with a fertile cytoplasmic restorer line to obtain heterozygous fertile plants. Then, using the restorer line as the recurrent paternal parent, a backcross is performed to convert the cytoplasm to a fertile genotype. Double haploid technology is used to rapidly obtain a homozygous DH population from the backcross progeny. Finally, through testcross identification, DH plants with completely sterile cytoplasmic cytoplasm are selected, thus obtaining the target maintainer line with fertile cytoplasm and a sterile nuclear genotype. This invention further incorporates recurrent selection technology for continuous optimization of the maintainer line's agronomic traits. This invention integrates backcrossing, DH technology, and a recurrent selection system, significantly shortening the breeding cycle. The maintainer line exhibits homozygosity ≥99%, a pure cytoplasmic background, strong versatility, and applicability to wheat CMS types, providing efficient technical support for hybrid wheat breeding.

The invention discloses application of cell surface markers in quality evaluation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and application of a kit for detecting the cell surface markers in quality evaluation of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. The cell surface markers are CD142, CD146, CD106 and CD362. The invention also discloses a quality evaluation method of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. The method comprises the following steps: detecting the expression condition of the cell surface markers of the cells to be detected, and evaluating the cell quality according to the expression result, the cell surface markers are CD142, CD146, CD106 and CD362, and the cell surface markers are used for detecting the cell surface markers. According to the method, accurate detection and systematic analysis of specific markers of different generations of multiple umbilical cord samples are realized, an influence rule of passage and sample individuals on marker expression is defined, and an established cell characteristic evaluation system can accurately judge the quality and functional potential of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; the scientific basis is provided for the application of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.

This invention discloses a specific molecular marker for identifying eggplant Saet CMS cytoplasmic male sterility lines and its application. The molecular marker, Saet218b, was selected by comparing the mitochondrial genomes of the eggplant Saet CMS cytoplasmic male sterility line and its maintainer line. Through bioinformatics analysis, the candidate specific gene for Saet CMS male sterility, orf218b, was obtained, and its nucleotide sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Based on this sequence information, the molecular marker Saet218b for identifying eggplant Saet CMS cytoplasmic male sterility lines was successfully designed. The molecular marker of this invention can be used to identify eggplant Saet CMS cytoplasmic male sterility lines efficiently and with a simple procedure. The results can be used for marker-assisted breeding of eggplant Saet-derived cytoplasmic male sterility lines, improving breeding efficiency. It also provides technical support and theoretical basis for the identification of eggplant specific cytoplasmic germplasm.

The invention relates to a lung fibroblast culture method, and belongs to the technical field of cell culture. Comprising the following steps: S1, organization preparation; s2, tissue treatment; s3, primary culture: the treated tissue blocks are attached to a culture dish, a culture solution is added, the culture solution is a primary culture system, and culture is performed in an incubator for several days until the culture dish is full of fibroblasts; s4, subculture: digesting the cells subjected to primary culture by adopting conventional 0.25% trypsin, then adding a culture solution which is a subculture system for subculture, and carrying out subculture to a fourth generation; and S5, cell identification. According to the invention, primary and subculture are respectively purified and amplified by virtue of a double culture system of fibroblasts, so that the purification of target cells is facilitated, the cell quality is good, a low-serum growth additive is used as a nutrient substance, the low-serum growth additive is more easily utilized by the cells, the proliferation of the cells is facilitated, and good proliferation activity and phenotypic stability are still kept when the cells are subcultured to the fourth generation; no obvious differentiation phenomenon occurs.

The invention provides a culture medium for NK cell culture and a preparation method of NK cells. The culture medium comprises a coating solution, an activation culture medium and a proliferation culture medium, the coating solution comprises an antibody, recombinant human fibronectin and a buffer solution; the activation culture medium comprises a first cell factor, a glycogen synthase kinase inhibitor and an NK basal culture medium; the proliferation culture medium comprises a second cell factor and an NK basal culture medium. The problem that in the prior art, prepared NK cells are poor in quality can be solved, and the method is suitable for the field of cell culture.

This invention belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering, specifically disclosing a method for creating bifunctional haploid inducible lines of Brassica napus based on the BnaKNL2 gene and its application. Research revealed that the BnaKNL2 gene is a key gene affecting the fertility of Brassica napus. By knocking out the KNL2 gene in Brassica napus, bifunctional haploid inducible lines with maternal or paternal haploid induction capabilities can be created. The haploid induction rate after hybridization with different Brassica napus varieties can reach 0.45%–2.7%. Furthermore, by combining this with a cytoplasmic male sterility system and through hybridization and backcrossing, the CMS-HI line, carrying both sterile cytoplasm and haploid induction capabilities, can be rapidly created. This provides a new approach for haploid breeding of Brassica napus and the improvement and creation of CMS lines, with broad application prospects.

A wheat transgenic plant carrying restorer of fertility genes specific to T. timopheevii CMS cytoplasm.

The invention relates to the cross technical field of molecular biology and parasitology, and particularly discloses a giardia living body marking method based on fluorescent protein UnaG, which comprises the following steps: firstly, optimizing and synthesizing a UnaG gene sequence according to the codon use preference of giardia; then, constructing a marker plasmid pGT-UnaG-neo on a double expression framework containing an alpha2-tubulin promoter and a gdh promoter, and introducing the plasmid into the giardia giardia trophozoite through electroporation. And carrying out resistance screening in a culture medium containing geneticin to obtain an insect strain capable of stably integrating and expressing UnaG. Through bilirubin induction, efficient maturation and green fluorescence emission of the UnaG protein in giardia cytoplasm are realized. The stably transferred strain obtained by the method has no significant difference from a wild strain in the aspects of growth curve and survival rate, and UnaG and bilirubin have no obvious toxic effect. The limitation that traditional fluorescent protein is inactivated under the anaerobic condition is broken through, and a reliable tool is provided for dynamic imaging, functional research and drug screening of giardia and other anaerobic protozoa.

A cell quality evaluation apparatus performs a process including estimation processing of estimating a quality of cells in the entirety of a cell-culture container by determining feature quantities from a plurality of images and calculating an average value of the feature quantities; derivation processing of deriving an estimation error of the quality estimated in the estimation processing, based on a variation of the feature quantities in the plurality of images and imaging information related to an area of a plurality of imaging regions; and imaging control processing of causing a imaging apparatus to perform re-imaging on at least one re-imaging region different from the plurality of imaging regions in a case where the estimation error is out of an allowable range.

The present application relates to a kind of CD69 humanization mouse model construction method, the construction method: (1) the targeting vector of expression humanization CD69 gene is constructed;(2) design and obtain sgRNA for mouse Cd69 gene;(3) the targeting vector, sgRNA and Cas9 protein are co-injected or co-electrotransferred to mouse fertilized egg cytoplasm or nucleus, and the fertilized egg is transplanted to pseudopregnant mouse, and genotype identification is carried out to pseudopregnant litter mouse, and the positive F0 mouse of correct human source fragment successfully inserted is screened;(4)F0 mouse is mated with background mouse to obtain F1 mouse, and CD69 humanization mouse model is screened out.The CD69 humanization mouse constructed in the present application has application value in immunology and other fields.

This invention relates to the field of biomedical technology and discloses a biomarker for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its application. The diagnostic biomarker is circSPECC1(4), which is formed by reverse splicing and circularization of the fourth exon of the SPECCC1 gene. It has a length of 1580 nt and possesses a closed circular RNA structure. circSPECC1(4) is specifically highly expressed in ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS patients, and there is no significant difference in the mRNA expression level of its parent gene SPECCC1. circSPECC1(4) possesses RNase R nuclease resistance stability and is mainly located in the cytoplasm. Knocking down the expression of circSPECC1(4) can significantly promote apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells and arrest the ovarian granulosa cell cycle at the G0 / G1 phase. This invention clearly demonstrates that circSPECC1(4) can serve as a specific diagnostic biomarker for PCOS, fully verifying the structural characteristics, expression specificity, and pathological regulatory function of this circular RNA, filling the gap in the existing field of PCOS diagnosis which lacks highly specific and stable molecular diagnostic targets.

The application relates to the field of stem cell biotechnology and discloses a stem cell quality evaluation system and method, a stem cell quality evaluation system, which comprises a data acquisition module, which acquires local environment data and image data of stem cells within a preset range; a morphology identification module, which obtains cell morphology data of all stem cells within the preset range through a cell morphology identification model; a graph structure data construction module, which constructs graph structure data; a scoring and labeling module, which determines the proliferation capacity, genetic stability capacity and surface marker expression capacity of stem cells after a preset time length, and obtains the quality score of the stem cells through artificial labeling; and a model training module, which trains a stem cell quality scoring model through an optimization algorithm; the cell morphology data of the stem cells are extracted through a multi-branch network of the cell morphology identification model, and the interaction between the stem cells is comprehensively considered through the stem cell quality scoring model, so that the accuracy of stem cell quality evaluation is improved.

The invention provides a real-time detection and dynamic feeding system and method for an NK cell suspension culture nutrient solution. The system comprises a multi-parameter sensing module used for monitoring the concentration of multiple components in a culture solution in real time; the intelligent decision control module is used for dynamically predicting nutritional requirements and generating a feeding strategy according to the multi-parameter data monitored in real time and based on related models and algorithms; the precise feed supplement execution module is used for injecting a nutrient solution and a pH adjusting solution as required through a multi-channel peristaltic pump according to the generated feed supplement strategy, supplementing growth factors at regular time, and is provided with a metabolic waste removal unit for removing lactic acid and ammonia metabolic waste; and the feedback optimization database is used for recording culture process data, optimizing a feeding strategy through a machine learning algorithm, and adapting to individual requirements of different cell strains. The technical problems that in the prior art, a static feeding strategy cannot respond to nutrition dynamic changes in real time, metabolic byproducts lack a real-time removal mechanism, and the cell quality is unstable due to nutrition imbalance are solved.

The invention particularly relates to the technical field of stem cell preparation and tissue engineering, and discloses a placenta mesenchymal stem cell multi-source extraction system based on an integrated treatment platform. Comprising a multi-region synchronous pretreatment module, a zoning adherent culture module, a differentiated cell harvesting module, a cell characteristic collection module, a functional cell division module and a whole-process closed-loop control module, the multi-region synchronous pretreatment module adopts an integrated design, and the zoning adherent culture module realizes centralized culture through an independent marking region; the differentiation cell harvesting module is used for carrying out merging amplification; the cell characteristic acquisition module is used for acquiring cell characteristic data; the functional cell division module is used for realizing cell type and function judgment; the whole-process closed-loop control module is used for realizing whole-process quality tracing; through the integrated design, the cost is reduced, the cell quality stability is ensured, and the whole-process quality tracing is realized.

Provided is a method for inducing differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic progenitor cells. Compared with conventional induced differentiation processes, the present method not only shortens a process that takes more than 30 days and requires 6-7 stages to only 19 days and 5 stages, but also significantly increases the proportion of β-like cells to 60%–70%, effectively improving hyperglycemic symptoms in diabetic mouse models. Furthermore, single-cell transcriptome detection of the grafts revealed that 60%-70% β cells could be detected, which were more mature than the cell state before transplantation. A method for assessing cell quality is also provided, which is used to evaluate the quality of in vitro induced cells. The method no longer relies on conventional detection based on the expression of a few specific genes and proteins, but uses single-cell omics technology to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the characteristics and differentiation efficiency of the induced cells based on a "three-module gene co-expression network," providing a new evaluation standard for the field.

The invention discloses a method for creating a cytoplasmic male sterile line by an alfalfa transgenic technology, and belongs to the technical field of bioengineering. The method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing pBI121-ATP8 of a recombinant expression vector; s2, constructing transgenic medicago sativa plants and obtaining medicago sativa male sterility germplasm resources; s3, breeding the medicago sativa transgenic cytoplasmic male sterile line. According to the invention, a brand-new gene, namely the alfalfa mitochondrial gene ATP8, is successfully cloned, and directional variation of male reproductive development of alfalfa is realized by regulating and controlling the gene and an encoding protein thereof, so that the pollen fertility of the alfalfa is accurately controlled; meanwhile, the invention further provides a maintainer line, the breeding efficiency is improved due to the existence of the maintainer line, and the sustainability of the hybrid seed production process is guaranteed. In perennial crops such as medicago sativa, long-term storage and utilization of the sterile line are facilitated.

Provided herein are methods and compositions related to in vivo testing of therapeutic agents comprising a human Fc in genetically modified rodents (e.g., testing the pharmacokinetic and / or pharmacodynamic properties of such therapeutic agents in genetically modified rodents). In some embodiments, the genetically modified rodents express antibodies comprising a human Fc (e.g., human IgG1 Fc, human IgG4 Fc). In some embodiments, the rodents express fully human antibodies (i.e., antibodies having human heavy chains and human light (γ or κ) chains). In certain embodiments, the genetically modified rodent comprises one or more Fc receptors with human extracellular domains (e.g., neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), β-2-microglobulin polypeptide (β2M), Fcε receptor 1α (FcεR1α), Fcγ receptor 1α (FcγR1a), Fcγ receptor 2a (FcγR2a), Fcγ receptor 2b (FcγR2b), Fcγ receptor 3a (FcγR3a), Fcγ receptor 3b (FcγR3b), Fcγ receptor 2c (FcγR2c)). The transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the receptor can be human or non-human (e.g., rodent).

This invention belongs to the field of rice breeding technology, and in particular to a breeding method for improving rice yield. The method includes: Step 1, Experimental Selection: Three types of indica cytoplasmic japonica rice were selected: Shennong 265, Shennong 9741, and Shennong 9816. Three portions of each of these japonica rice varieties were prepared. Twelve portions of Longdao 18 were also selected. Step 2, Experimental Design: Three experimental fields were planted with Longdao 18 and marked as Group 1 as a control. Using Shennong 265, Shennong 9741, and Shennong 9816 as the female parent and Longdao 18 as the male parent, a breeding method involving three generations of backcrossing followed by seven generations of self-pollination was employed. Compared with the control parent, the rice yield was increased, and plant height and panicle number showed significant differences. All agronomic traits were higher than those of the parent Longdao 18 (japonica quality and japonica kernel), with significant differences in plant height and thousand-grain weight. This indicates that under the same nuclear genetic background, indica cytoplasmic type has a promoting effect on yield improvement.

This invention belongs to the field of plant molecular breeding, and specifically discloses a gene related to rice fertility restoration. OsRf19 This invention addresses the cumbersome process of identifying restorer lines for the existing Fujian abortive cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-FA / OsRf19) system by developing a method for creating tightly linked artificial haplotypes, the development of InDel molecular markers, and their application in rice fertility. Through bioinformatics analysis, this invention identifies a fertility restoration gene associated with the rice sporophytic sterility system CMS-FA. OsRf19 A specific region closely linked to the PPR gene cluster and with extremely low similarity to the loci was edited using CRISPR / Cas12a gene editing technology, resulting in multiple large deletions. Based on these genotype sequence variations, a set of InDel molecular markers was developed to realize the editing of this artificially created restoration gene. OsRf19 Rapid identification of closely linked artificial haplotypes accelerates the breeding process of molecular marker-assisted selection in the rice CMS-FA system.

The invention belongs to the field of gene engineering and molecular breeding, and particularly discloses interaction protein MORF8 of rice wild abortion type cytoplasmic male sterility recovery protein Rf4 and application of the interaction protein MORF8, the amino acid sequence of the interaction protein MORF8 is shown as SEQ ID NO.2, the interaction protein MORF8 is coded by an MORF8 gene, and the nucleotide sequence of the MORF8 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.1; the application of the interaction protein MORF8 of the rice wild abortion type cytoplasmic male sterility restoring protein Rf4 in rice breeding comprises the following steps: constructing a rice wild abortion type cytoplasmic male sterility line overexpressing the MORF8, and hybridizing the rice wild abortion type cytoplasmic male sterility line overexpressing the MORF8 with a rice wild abortion type cytoplasmic male sterility restoring line containing the restoring protein Rf4, hybrid seeds which synergistically enhance the fertility recovery capability of the recovery protein Rf4 are generated. Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a synergistic enhancement function of MORF8, obviously improves the maturing rate of rice, and provides an efficient and safe novel molecular breeding tool for creating high-yield and stable-yield hybrid rice.

This invention provides molecular markers, typing primers and their applications for the restoration of cytoplasmic male sterility in chili pepper. Wild-type and mutant chili pepper materials were used to construct an F2 population, and the chromosomal region closely linked to the cytoplasmic male sterility restoration gene in chili pepper was obtained using the BSA population positioning method. A KASP molecular marker was designed based on a single base mutation, and this marker was used to identify the genotypes of 1290 plants in the F2 population, with a match rate of 100%. This invention is not only useful for the selection and assisted breeding of chili pepper for cytoplasmic male sterility, but also provides a basis for the mapping of the cytoplasmic male sterility restoration gene and the analysis of the molecular mechanism of cytoplasmic male sterility, and has widespread value.

Downregulated miR-99b-5p and upregulated mTOR cooperatively promotes the African American (AA) PCa aggressiveness and drug resistance. Nuclear mTOR, AR, and SMARCD1 are highly expressed in AA PCa (MDA PCa 2b) compared to EA PCa (LNCaP) cell line. miR-99b-5p inhibited protein levels of mTOR, AR / AR-V7 and SMARCD1 in cytoplasm and nuclei of EA and AA PCa. miR-99b-5p effectively inhibits cell proliferation / survival and induced cell apoptosis in EA and AA PCa cells. Moreover, combination of miR-99b-5p and enzalutamide (Enz) synergistically enhances the cytotoxicity against aggressive AA PCa and castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). miR-99b-5p or miR-99b-5p / Enz significantly reduces the recruitment of mTOR to the genes involved in the metabolic reprogramming in CRPC. miR-99b-5p can function as an epigenomic driver to modulate the mTOR / AR / SMARCD1 signaling axis in AA PCa and resistant CRPC. miR-99b-5p can be utilized as a biomarker for identifying the presence of prostate cancer.

The application relates to a stem cell culture density optimization control method and system, and relates to the technical field of stem cell culture, and comprises the following steps: K culture boxes and P culture dishes are configured; when mesenchymal stem cells are cultured, the P culture dishes are randomly and equally distributed to the K culture boxes; P cell imaging sequences in a historical time window are monitored; P real-time cell proliferation rates and morphological characteristics are obtained through analysis; the P culture dishes are similar clustered based on the same; K similar culture dish sets and K cell proliferation rate averages are determined; the K similar culture dish sets are mapped and placed in the K culture boxes; and the K culture boxes are respectively optimized and adjusted in culture environment parameters based on the K cell proliferation rate averages, so that K adaptive environment parameters are obtained, and the K culture boxes in a future time window are controlled. The application solves the problems that in traditional stem cell culture, a unified culture environment is adopted, targeted culture is lacked, and the culture density control precision is low and the cell quality is unstable.

The invention relates to the technical field of biological pharmacy, in particular to a cell-penetrating peptide serving as a drug delivery carrier and application of the cell-penetrating peptide. The amino acid sequence of the cell-penetrating peptide disclosed by the invention is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1 or is obtained by modifying on the basis of SEQ ID NO.1; and the C tail end of the SEQ ID NO.1 contains a PTS1 positioning signal motif SKL. According to the peroxisome targeting cell-penetrating peptide provided by the invention, the cytoplasm toxicity of the polypeptide can be effectively reduced under the condition that the delivery efficiency and the escape efficiency are not influenced. Meanwhile, the method also has important significance on development of a peroxisome disease treatment method.

The application belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering, and particularly relates to a negative-sense RNA virus plant genome editing system and application thereof. The genome editing system uses a CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology, takes a plant cytoplasmic rhabdovirus as a delivery carrier, is transmitted to a plant by means of a vector, utilizes an RNA movement motif, delivers gene editing components to an axillary meristem, and obtains mutant lateral buds along with plant tillering. The application can complete plant gene editing without tissue culture, overcomes plant tissue culture dependence, expands the range of gene editing lines, and only needs one generation to obtain a pure mutant without going through hybridization and selfing processes.

The present disclosure provides a cytoplasmic male sterile Rudbeckia plant. The present disclosure also provides a method for conferring cytoplasmic male sterility to a Rudbeckia plan. The method may comprise introducing, as a cytoplasmic male sterility gene, at least one polynucleotide into a Rudbeckia plant of interest.