596 results about "Longwave" patented technology

Flow rate measurement system includes two measurement regions 14,16 located an average axial distance .DELTA.X apart along the pipe 12, the first measurement region 14 having two unsteady pressure sensors 18,20, located a distance X.sub.1 apart, and the second measurement region 16, having two other unsteady pressure sensors 22,24, located a distance X.sub.2 apart, each capable of measuring the unsteady pressure in the pipe 12. Signals from each pair of pressure sensors 18,20 and 22,24 are differenced by summers 44,54, respectively, to form spatial wavelength filters 33,35, respectively. Each spatial filter 33,35 filters out acoustic pressure disturbances P.sub.acoustic and other long wavelength pressure disturbances in the pipe 12 and passes short-wavelength low-frequency vortical pressure disturbances P.sub.vortical associated with the vortical flow field 15. The spatial filters 33,35 provide signals P.sub.as1,P.sub.as2 to band pass filters 46,56 that filter out high frequency signals. The P.sub.vortical -dominated filtered signals P.sub.asf1,P.sub.asf2 from the two regions 14,16 are cross-correlated by Cross-Correlation Logic 50 to determine a time delay .tau. between the two sensing locations 14,16 which is divided into the distance .DELTA.X to obtain a convection velocity U.sub.c(t) that is related to an average flow rate of the fluid (i.e., one or more liquids and/or gases) flowing in the pipe 12. The invention may also be configured to detect the velocity of any desired inhomogeneous pressure field in the flow. The invention may also be combined with an instrument, an opto-electronic converter and a controller in an industrial process control system.

A Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) and its fabrication are taught which incorporate a high contrast grating (HCG) to replace the top mirror of the device and which can operate at long-wavelengths, such as beyond 0.85 μm. The HCG beneficially provides a high degree of polarization differentiation and provides optical containment in response to lensing by the HCG. The device incorporates a quantum well active layer, a tunnel junction, and control of aperture width using ion implantation. A tunable VCSEL is taught which controls output wavelength in response to controlling a micro-mechanical actuator coupled to a HCG top mirror which can be moved to, or from, the body of the VCSEL. A fabrication process for the VCSEL includes patterning the HCG using a wet etching process, and highly anisotropic wet etching while precisely controlling temperature and PH.

Several methods are disclosed for the generation of coherent short-wavelength electromagnetic radiation through optical nonlinear frequency mixing means. The invention involves several stages of efficient nonlinear frequency conversion to shift the output of high-power infra-red fiber-lasers into the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV). The described laser source architecture is designed around non-critically phase-matched (NCPM) sum-frequency mixing (SFM) interactions in the nonlinear crystal CLBO. The NCPM interaction is an optimum condition for bulk frequency conversion of cw radiation because it allows tight focusing of the input laser radiation without Poynting vector walk-off, thereby increasing the non-linear drive significantly. The sub-200-nm output wave is generated from SFM of a long-wave IR laser field and a short-wave UV laser field. The long-wave laser beam may be derived directly from a rare-earth-doped fiber laser, whereas the short-wavelength UV beam is provided as the fourth frequency harmonic of a second rare-earth-doped fiber laser system.

A method for estimating the thermal properties of surface materials using long-wavelength thermal imagery by exploiting the differential heating histories of ground points in the vicinity of shadows. The use of differential heating histories of different ground points of the same surface material allows the use of a single image acquisition step to provide the necessary variation in measured parameters for calculation of the thermal properties of surface materials.

The invention relates to a laser and middle- and long-wavelength infrared common-aperture three-band imaging system, which comprises an entrance pupil shared by each band, a primary mirror, a secondary convex mirror, a middle/long-wavelength infrared optical path imaging lens group, a laser converging light spot receiving unit, a middle- and long-wavelength infrared band beam splitter, a middle- and long-wavelength infrared dual-band imaging lens group and a detection image surface, wherein the reflection surface of the primary mirror is a concave surface, and a hole is formed in the center of the primary mirror. The system can be used for realizing the common-aperture collection of scene infrared radiation energy of the same object and laser echo energy reflected by the object; and the entrance pupil is positioned in front of the primary mirror, the secondary mirror is used for the beam splitting of laser and middle- and long-wavelength infrared bands, and a dichroic mirror is inclined to split middle-wavelength infrared light and long-wavelength infrared light, so that the system is compact in structure, the utilization rates of optical energy and space of the system are increased, the aberration correction and beam focusing of middle- and long-wavelength infrared bands are facilitated respectively, and the imaging quality is remarkably improved.

A current of the same amount or in a constant ratio is applied to each of a combination of a blue light emitting diode having a small wavelength variation and a green light emitting diode having a large wavelength variation. With this, as an amount of applied current increases, an oscillation wavelength of the green light emitting diode having the large wavelength variation changes from a long wavelength side to a short wavelength side and mixes with a blue color of the blue light emitting diode having the small wavelength variation to gradually change chromaticity as a whole. When desired chromaticity is obtained, the amount of the current is fixed.

A laminated metallized film apparatus being fabricated through the use of roll-to-roll lamination machinery (e.g. using a gravure cylinder) which through the use of various combinations of adhesive, pressure, and temperature bonds various materials and substrates together, producing a thermal radiative and insulative barrier to impinging multiple heat sources in the range of ultra-violet longwave-infrared wavelengths. In applications the laminated metallized film apparatus may be constructed so as to create an insulating bag, pouch, tote, insulative wrap, or radiant reflector sheeting, through use of single or multiple layer films or foams of varying thickness and texture.

The invention provides a multiband infrared radiation automatic measuring system which can timely and automatically measure the infrared radiation characteristics of a measured object within different bands under complicated backgrounds and completely meets the requirements of long-term fault-free automatic observation radiation calibration measurement. The multiband infrared radiation automatic measuring system comprises a scanning device, a light splitting device, an infrared detection device and a control system/circuit, wherein the scanning device, the light splitting device and the infrared detection device are sequentially arranged on a light path in a radiation incident direction; and the scanning device comprises a protection window capable of rotating, a rotary reflecting mirror and a fixed double-blackbody correction assembly. In the invention, light spectrum light splitting and band modulating and canning technologies are used, and two medium and long wave detectors are selected to match with the technologies, thereby increasing measurable optical channels to effectively form the radiation calibration measurement to more long-wave and medium wave bands. Moreover, the radiation size required by a blackbody radiation cavity is compressed, the design and manufacture difficulties of the blackbodies are reduced, and the controllable precision is improved.

An infrared absorption film (first through third infrared absorption films) that constitutes a photoreceptor of a thermal-type infrared detection element comprises a laminate film in which a film composed of a novel SiCO material having high absorption on the short-wavelength end (approximately 8 to 10 μm) of the waveband (atmospheric window) from 8 to 14 μm is combined with a film composed of SiO, SiN, SiC, SiON, SiCN, or another material having high absorption on the long-wavelength end (approximately 10 to 14 μm) of the abovementioned waveband. Infrared rays on the short-wavelength end that could not be effectively utilized by the conventional thermal infrared detection element can thereby be absorbed by the SiCO membrane, infrared rays throughout the abovementioned waveband can be effectively utilized, and the sensitivity of the thermal infrared detection element can be enhanced.

The invention discloses a device and a method for cooperatively detecting a moving target by using all-optical-waveband (including ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, medium-wave infrared and long-wave infrared) maps. The device comprises a large field-of-view two-dimensional scanning sighting telescope, a common aperture primary optical system module, an infrared imaging and spectrum forming optical subsystem module, an ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared spectrum forming and visible near-infrared imaging optical subsystem module, a short/medium/long-wave infrared spectrum measuring module, a medium-wave wide/narrow band imaging module, a visible near-infrared spectrum measuring module, a visible near-infrared imaging module, an ultraviolet measuring module, a map fusion signal processing module, a control module and a servo system. The device and the method utilizes medium-wave infrared imaging and visible near-infrared imaging for recognizing a suspected moving target and guides spectrum measurement, completes the final recognition of the suspected target with cooperation of spectrum measurement data, and solves the difficulties of the existing detection device such as incomplete detection bands, limited optical path layout, large equipment size, few types of detected moving targets and dynamic changing objects, and poor detection capability.

Enhancement of the supercontinuum generation performance of a highly-nonlinear optical fiber (HNLF) is accomplished by incorporating at least one Bragg grating structure in the HNLF. The Bragg grating results in reflecting a core-guided signal into signal which also remains core-guided. The supercontinuum radiation generated by such an arrangement will exhibit a substantial peak in its energy at the grating resonance of the Bragg grating and a region of increased radiation in a narrow wavelength band on the long wavelength side of the peak. A number of such Bragg gratings may be formed so as to “tailor” the enhancements provided in the supercontinuum radiation. Various, well-known Bragg grating modifications (tuning, chirped, blazed, etc.) may also be used in the inventive structure to enhance the generated supercontinuum.

A plate-shaped member (8a) whose linear expansion coefficient is larger than that of a substrate (1) is provided on the rear side of the substrate (1) of an arrayed waveguide diffraction grating (11) which divides, by a diffraction effect of an array waveguide (40), lights of a plurality of wavelengths from those having a plurality of wavelengths different from each other, which are inputted from an optical input waveguide (2), and outputs these lights from the respective optical output waveguides (6). A light transmission feature of the respective output lights includes a light transmission feature for causing lights to be transmitted, centering around the center wavelengths of light transmission, which are different from each other, wherein the center wavelengths of light transmission shifts to the long wavelength side by a temperature rise.

The invention discloses an optical system of a multispectral area array CCD (Charge Coupled Device) imager, relating to the field of design and manufacture of the optical system of the multispectral area array CCD imager and solving the problems that the traditional multispectral imager can only obtain spectrum information of a certain wave band of a target at the same time and can not realize the design requirements of a multispectral optical system with wide wave band range and temperature range and a long back working distance. The system consists of two sets of subsystems, a first set of subsystem realizes spectrum information of untraviolet, blue, green, red and infrared wave bands, and the system obtains information of different wave bands through two lens sets and a corresponding detector and carries out imaging; and a second set of subsystem image the obtained information by adopting two germanium lenses and a long wave infrared detector to realize spectrum information of a long wave infrared wave band. The invention realizes simultaneously imaging of a target at six wave bands by adopting two sets of optical systems and is suitable for multispectral imaging places with strict requirements on the volume and the weight, such as aviation shooting.

A method of near-field electromagnetic ranging and location exploits the long-wavelength, near-field characteristics of low-frequency RF signals like those in the vicinity of the AM broadcast band. These signals are robust against scattering from small objects and only mildly perturbed by the urban landscape including building structures. They are thus amenable to an RF fingerprinting approach exploiting a coarse calibration to capture the behavior of the gradually varying signal characteristics. In embodiments, a method of near-field electromagnetic ranging and location may exploit transmit tags transmitting to an infrastructure of locator-receivers, or locator-receiver tags detecting signals from an infrastructure of fixed transmitter beacons. In still further embodiments, fixed transmitter beacons may be supplemented by uncooperative signals sources including signals-of-opportunity like AM broadcast band signals.

A compact objective lens is disclosed which is particularly suitable for infrared optical systems. The lens features a simple design with only two lens elements, namely a first lens element receiving incident radiation and having front and rear surfaces, and a second lens element receiving incident radiation from the first element and having front and rear surfaces. The lens forms an image of a scene on a focal plane. At least three of the four surfaces of the elements are aspheric surfaces. The lens has an f-number less than about 2, a field-of-view less than about 30 degrees, and an effective focal length less than about 6 inches. The elements are made from a material selected to pass radiation in the infrared band of the electromagnetic spectrum, e.g., germanium. The lens is suitable for use as an objective lens for a long-wave infrared sight for small arms, e.g., rifle or shoulder-launched surface to air missile launching system, i.e., a lens optimized for operating in the electromagnetic spectrum between about 7.5 and about 15 micrometers.

A laminated metallized film apparatus being fabricated through the use of roll-to-roll lamination machinery (e.g. using a gravure cylinder) which through the use of various combinations of adhesive, pressure, and temperature bonds various materials and substrates together, producing a thermal radiative and insulative barrier to impinging multiple heat sources in the range of ultra-violet longwave-infrared wavelengths. In applications the laminated metallized film apparatus may be constructed so as to create an insulating bag, pouch, tote, insulative wrap, or radiant reflector sheeting, through use of single or multiple layer films or foams of varying thickness and texture.

The invention discloses a visible light/long-wave infrared broad band spectrum joint focusing optical imaging system comprises a broad spectrum focusing window, a color separation film, a long wave infrared lens group and a visible light lens group. The color separation film and a horizontal optical axis form an angle of 45 degrees, and light incoming from the broad spectrum focusing window passes through the color separation film and the visible light lens group to image on a visible light sensor. The long wave infrared lens group is composed of a first lens, a second lens, a reflector and athird lens from an object space to an image space in sequence, the reflector is parallel to the color separation film, and infrared light in broad spectrum light passes through the color separation film and the long wave infrared lens group to image on a non-refrigeration detector. A first face of the second lens is a binary surface, a second face of the third lens is an aspheric surface, and systematic heat difference and optical aberration are removed through the design of the binary surface and the aspheric surface. The visible light/long-wave infrared broad band spectrum joint focusing optical imaging system can solve the problem that a single wave band is not high in detection accuracy, two wavebands and two lenses have optical parallax on imaging, two wavebands are big in imaging aberration, an infrared system has heat difference, and two wavebands need focusing mutually.

Optical element having an optical surface, which optical surface is adapted to a non-spherical target shape, such that a long wave variation of the actual shape of the optical surface with respect to the target shape is limited to a maximum value of 0.2 nm, wherein the long wave variation includes only oscillations having a spatial wavelength equal to or larger than a minimum spatial wavelength of 10 mm.

The invention discloses a mutually-visual-field common-aperture multi-spectral imaging system with a Cassegrain front end. The system comprises a main lens, a refracting-reflecting dual-purpose secondary lens, a medium wave or long wave infrared or medium-long wave infrared dual-waveband imaging lens group, a medium wave or long wave infrared or medium-long infrared double-color detector unit, a visible to near infrared band imaging lens group, a visible to near infrared band color analyzer and a detection unit, wherein the main lens is provided with a central opening; the reflecting surface of the main lens is a concave surface; and the incident surface of the refracting-reflecting dual-purpose secondary lens is a convex surface. In the system, the main lens is taken as a public entrance pupil of each waveband and primary light splitting is realized by using the secondary lens, so that the luminous energy utilization ratio is increased, the spaces of a spectroscope and the system are saved, the realization of a long aperture and a large visual field is facilitated, and the imaging quality is improved remarkably. Due to the adoption of co-optical-axis mutually-visual-field imaging, images are easy to register.

The invention discloses a single lens multispectral imaging optical system and belongs to the technical field of remote sensing. The system specifically comprises a multispectral apochromatic lens, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a doublet lens, a visible light flat-panel detector, an infrared flat-panel detector and a laser flat-panel detector. The first beam splitter reflects visible light, and transmits infrared and laser; the second beam splitter reflects laser and transmits infrared; and the multispectral apochromatic lens, the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are made of materials of high transmittance from the visible light to a long-wave infrared band, preferably chemical vapor deposition zinc sulfide. The function of performing multispectral imaging by using a single lens is realized, an image from the visible light to the long-wave infrared band can be obtained, and imaging performance is high; the spectrum coverage range is wide; and the system can be widely applied to the remote sensing of the fields of aerophotography, agriculture and forestry, geology and geography, hydrology and marine, and the like.