The invention provides a bacterial-cellulose-based asymmetric bidirectional isomerism biological mesh and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes the steps that a smooth semi-drymembrane of bacterial cellulose is obtained by slow dehydration and drying, then micropores are formed in the bacterial cellulose side, then the side with the micropores is closely attached to the mold-controlled modified surface, and finally, through hydrolytic condensation deposition of a long carbon chain hydrophobic modifier on the other side under high temperature and high pressure, the biological mesh with good adhesion resistance on one side and good tissue bonding and tissue repair ability on the other side is obtained. According to the bacterial-cellulose-based asymmetric bidirectional isomerism biological mesh and the preparation method thereof, on the premise of ensuring excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the bacterial cellulose, anti-adhesionproperties are improved, the preparation method is simple, the preparation cost is relatively low, the sample shape and size are easy to control, and the bacterial-cellulose-based asymmetric bidirectional isomerism biological mesh is expected to be widely used in clinical practice; and in addition, the bacterial-cellulose-based asymmetric bidirectional isomerism biological mesh can be used for repairing hernia, dura mater, tendon, myocardium, pelvic floor and other soft tissues, and can be further used for artificial blood vessels and artificial skin and other biomedical fields.