The gas-liquid-solid reaction simultaneously relates to three phase states of gas, liquid and solid, and plays a huge role in the fields of fine chemical engineering, pharmaceutical process, wastewater treatment and the like. Gas-liquid-solid reaction generally depends on a stirring kettle, a bubbling tower, a trickle bed and other traditional multiphase reactors, and the reactors often have the problems of low interface area, poor mass and heat transfer efficiency and the like. The invention provides a device and method for carrying out gas-liquid-solid reaction by using a micro-foam packed bed. As the micro-foam packed bed has the advantages of micron-sized characteristic size, high porosity, small pressure drop and the like, the micro-foam packed bed has the advantages of high mixing efficiency, high reaction speed, quick heat transfer, easiness in catalyst replacement and the like when being used for gas-liquid-solid reaction, and can be widely applied to the fields of fine chemical engineering, medicines, environments and the like.