The invention discloses a single-component puzzle glue. The single-component puzzle glue disclosed herein comprises the following main ingredients: 15-45% of vinyl acetate, 0.1-8% of vinyl siloxane, 1-20% of vinyl versatate, 0.1-10% of active emulsifier UCAN, 1-12% of RS series polyving akohol, 40-60% of deionized water, 3-18% of plasticizer, and 0.5-12% of initiator. Correspondingly, the invention further discloses a preparation method of the single-component puzzle glue. According to the invention, by applying the invention, the single-component puzzle glue has the advantages of convenient usage, no need for using it right after it is ready, recoverable property, resource saving, no organic solvent included, no formaldehyde included, no isocyanate included, environmental protection, no toxicity, high bonding strength, and good water tolerance.