The invention discloses a high-conductivity dispersed copper-based high-temperature self-lubricating composite. The high-conductivity dispersed copper-based high-temperature self-lubricating composite comprises oxygen-free copper powder and the following components of, by mass, 30%-50% of aluminum oxide dispersion copper powder, 0-2% of molybdenum disulfide powder and 6%-8% of graphite. When the temperature of the friction surface increases, the friction coefficient cannot decrease obviously, the recovery capability of reusing after cooling is high, the friction coefficient in each temperature range is kept between 0.130 and 0.140, a stable frictional characteristic is achieved, the characteristics of a low expansion coefficient, a high conductivity and heat conducting rate, high strength and toughness and the like are achieved, the anti-declining property is high, high-temperature lubrication, wear resistance and electrical conductivity can be achieved simultaneously, and the low friction coefficient and the low wearing capacity under the working condition of high speed sliding can be ensured by the self-lubricating composite, the self-lubricating composite is suitable for the fields of aviation, spaceflight, high speed railways, radar communication and the like, and particularly suitable for the fields of high speed railway pantograph pans, radar electric brushes, high speed printing elements and the like.