The invention discloses a method for monitoring the
electric arc length through
electric arc voltage signals. According to the method for monitoring the
electric arc length through the electric
arc voltage signals, by means of real-time detection of electric
arc voltage signal waveforms in the process of
welding or additive manufacturing of an electric arc, an electric
arc voltage time-domain
signal waveform higher than an electric arc
voltage threshold value is extracted, so as to obtain an electric arc
voltage time-domain feature waveform,
noise elimination is conducted on the electric arc voltage time-domain feature waveform through
wavelet analysis, low-frequency components of the electric arc voltage time-domain feature waveform are extracted through
wavelet packet analysis, an electric arc voltage
signal low-frequency component feature waveform graph is drawn, the electric arc voltage signal low-frequency component feature waveform is substituted into an electric
arc length mathematical model, an electric
arc length change time-domain waveform in the
machining process is obtained through calculation, and the electric
arc length at any
machining moment in the
machining process can be obtained through the electric arc
length change time-domain waveform. By the adoption of the method for monitoring the electric arc length through the electric arc voltage signals, offline detection and online monitoring of the electric arc length in the electric
arc welding processes of TIG, MIG, MAG, PAW and the like and in the
metal material electric arc additive manufacturing process can be achieved.