The invention discloses a low-temperature environment test device with a wide temperature range, which relates to the field of low-temperature environment tests, and includes a thermal insulation cabin, a liquid nitrogen supply system, a gas nitrogen generation and pressure stabilization system, a heating system, a cooling system, and a high and low temperature circulation pipeline system , liquid accumulation prevention device and measurement control system, wherein the gas nitrogen generation and pressure stabilization system is composed of a liquid nitrogen vaporizer, a nitrogen pressure reducer, a nitrogen pipeline safety valve, and a nitrogen pipeline solenoid valve. The insulation cabin is divided into a static pressure chamber, Working space and circulating air duct, the heating system is composed of electric heater and solid state relay in the circulating air duct, the cooling system is composed of liquid nitrogen wall evaporator, liquid nitrogen secondary evaporator and liquid nitrogen evaporator in the circulating air duct, high and low temperature The circulation pipeline system connects the insulation cabin, liquid nitrogen supply system, gas nitrogen generation and pressure stabilization system, heating system, and cooling system to form a loop. The invention can realize the test temperature environment in the ultra-low temperature zone, has uniform temperature field, no liquid accumulation phenomenon, and is safe and reliable.