35 results about "Frustule" patented technology

Representative embodiments provide a liquid or gel separator utilized to separate and space apart first and second conductors or electrodes of an energy storage device, such as a battery or a capacitor. A representative liquid or gel separator comprises a plurality of particles selected from the group consisting of: diatoms, diatomaceous frustules, diatomaceous fragments, diatomaceous remains, and mixtures thereof; a first, ionic liquid electrolyte; and a polymer or, in the printable composition, a polymer or a polymeric precursor. Another representative embodiment further comprises a second electrolyte different from the first electrolyte; the first and second electrolytes comprise zinc tetrafluoroborate salt in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidalzolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid; and the polymer comprises polyvinyl alcohol (“PVA”) or polyvinylidene fluoride (“PVFD”). Additional components, such as additional electrolytes and solvents, may also be included.

The present invention is focused on a revolutionary, low-cost (highly-scaleable) approach for the mass production of three-dimensional microcomponents: the biological reproduction of naturally-derived, biocatalytically-derived, and/or genetically-tailored three-dimensional microtemplates (e.g., frustules of diatoms, microskeletons of radiolarians, shells of mollusks) with desired dimensional features, followed by reactive conversion of such microtemplates into microcomponents with desired compositions that differ from the starting microtemplate and with dimensional features that are similar to those of the starting microtemplate. Because the shapes of such microcomponents may be tailored through genetic engineering of the shapes of the microtemplates, such microcomposites are considered to be Genetically-Engineered Materials (GEMs).

A heavy metal adsorbent composition configured for use as a mercury adsorbent composition, agent or product is shown. The mercury adsorbent composition comprises a natural diatomite in the form of siliceous frustules of diatoms having a surface punctuated by a series of openings defining frustule structures having sizes in the range of about 0.75 μm to about 1,000 μm (rounded to about 1 μm to about 1,000 μm). The diatoms have the surfaces thereof treated with an activating material capable of removing mercury by chemical bonding forming surface treated diatoms which when brought into contact with a mercury containing fluid react with mercury to cause mercury to separate from the fluid by chemical bonding to the surface treated diatoms.

The method includes following steps: to filter and clear alge in water by sand to reduce quantity of suspended substances and microcap frustule in water; next is plant absorbing process, a section of organic substances and microcystim are absorbed and decomposed by sandy soil plate which hygrophytes are planted on; the third is to further get rid of suspended substances and microcap frustule in water by active carbon adsorbing installation; the fourth is ozone process by blowing in high-density ozone containing air; the fifth is to detect content of microcystim in drinking water processed by method of high-effective liquid phase chromtograph detection.

The invention discloses a quick counting method for microcystis aeruginosa. The quick counting method comprises the following steps of: measuring the absorbancy of microcystis aeruginosa with different concentrations at wavelength of 680nm through a microplate reader, accurately counting frustules through a microscope at the same time, creating a good linear relation between the absorbancy and cell density, and quickly counting the microcystis aeruginosa in a sample to be measured through an obtained correction curve or regression equation. The simple, safe, effective and quick quantifying method for microcystis aeruginosa provided by the invention overcomes the defects of lack of algae monitoring and counting measures and low monitoring and counting efficiency in China.

The invention discloses a method for governing pollution in a micro-algae cultivation process, and relates to the technical field of micro-algae cultivation. The method is stable in sterilization effect and is little affected by temperature and illumination in the pollution control process; high sterilization efficiency is kept within the pH range of 2-10; the sterilization efficiency is not affected by extracellular secretions of frustules. The method is free of stimulation on a human body, and non-toxic; three cancerogenic substances and other toxic substances are not generated. The method for governing pollution in the micro-algae cultivation process, which is disclosed by the invention, comprises the following steps: adding chlorine dioxide to an algae solution, and sterilizing a reactor by using the chlorine dioxide after cultivation is ended. The method for governing pollution in the micro-algae cultivation process, which is disclosed by the invention, is applicable to a liquid cultivation process of the micro-algae.

The invention relates to an alga anabiosis and vertical migration monitoring device and monitoring method for early warning of algal bloom, wherein the monitoring device comprises a water surface control unit and a water bottom measuring piece unit; the water surface control unit is provided with a floating platform; a first wireless communicator, a signal lamp and a winch are arranged on the floating platform, and the winch is connected with the measuring piece unit through a mooring rope; the water bottom measuring piece unit comprises an equipment box, a measuring frame and a collection box; an engine, a processor and a second wireless communicator are mounted in the equipment box; a laser light source and a fluorescent light receiver are mounted on the measuring frame; a small hole is formed in the bottom surface of the collection box, a toothed plate capable of vertically moving up and down is mounted in the collection box, and the rising and falling state of the toothed plate is controlled through an electromagnet; brackets are arranged on the left side and the right side of the collection box respectively; reels are mounted on the right side of the collection box and the left side of the equipment box in a skew symmetry manner. The monitoring device is characterized in that the omen for the occurrence of algal bloom in a lake and a reservoir is detected through real-time monitoring of the full life circle of bottom mud frustule after dormancy, and the blank incapable of performing predication at very early time on algal bloom is filled in.

The invention utilizes a flat plate photobioreactor integrating a fuel battery to integrate microalgae high-density culture and irradiation hydrogen production so as to form an integrative hydrogen production system. Two sections of processes of microalgae culture and photosynthetic hydrogen production are generally divided in space time, and the cultured low-density frustule needs to be concentrated and then irradiated to produce hydrogen, so that the operations need to be respectively carried out in two photobioreactors. In the microalgae hydrogen production of the invention, the low-density microalgae is inoculated into a reactor, a culture mode of enriching carbon dioxide is utilized, the biomass required by the hydrogen production can be reached by short-term culture, then dark induction is carried out, and the operation can enter a continuous irradiation hydrogen production stage. The generated hydrogen gas can be integrated into a fuel battery on a reactor and is converted into electric energy, and the hydrogen production condition can be monitored at real time by the change of current. The invention combines the two sections of processes of the microalgae culture and the hydrogen production for the first time, utilizes the fuel battery to convert the hydrogen into the electric energy and provides reliable technical support for the large-scale microalgae hydrogen production.

The invention discloses an apparatus and method for automatically detecting the water body heavy metal by the algae-enrichment-X-ray fluorescence spectrum. With the green alga in the fresh water microalgae having the excellent absorption performance to the heavy metal ad the stripe type filter membrane as the carrying carrier of the frustule and heavy metal, heavy metal absorption by the alga, uniform thin test sample forming based on alga-heavy metal enrichment, filter paper strip transmission, heavy metal thin test sample drying, XRF spectral measurement and program analysis are carried outto realize simultaneous, rapid, continuous, automatic online detection of the heavy metal. The apparatus and method have characteristics of simple operation, chemical reagent prevention, secondary pollution avoidance, good economical and environment-friendly effects, low operation and maintenance cost, high degree of automation and the like; and the stability and sensitivity of water body heavy metal detection by the XRF spectroscopy are substantially improved. With the liquid flow precise control and continuous suction filtration modes, multi-times continuous and repeated sample preparation of the same to-be-analyzed water sample can be realized; and the accuracy of the water body heavy metal detection by the XRF spectroscopy can be enhanced well.

The invention belongs to the technical field of treatment of drinking water, and provides a method for controlling growth of microcystis aeruginosa through combination of copper salt and chloramine, aiming at the pollution caused by the eutrophication of surface water sources such as lakes and reservoirs. The method comprises the following steps in sequence: mixing an aqueous solution containing active chlorine with an ammonium salt aqueous solution so that the pH (Potential of Hydrogen) is 8 to 10, wherein the mole ratio of hypochlorite to ammonium ion is 0.1 to 1.0; fully stirring for 20 to 40 minutes until active chlorine and the ammonium salt are completely reacted, so as to obtain the aqueous solution of chloramine; mixing the aqueous solution of copper salt and the aqueous solution of chloramine with the water containing microcystis aeruginosa at the same time; and processing for 1 to 20 days, wherein the mole ratio of the copper ion to the chloramine is 0.04 to 0.5; and the ratio of the chloramine to the frustule is 0.5 to 20mg:10<8> to 5x10<9> parts. By adopting the method, the integrity of frustule walls can be damaged, and the benefit is provided for the copper ion to act on the cytoplasm, so that the frustule can be further inactivated.

The invention discloses a hydrotalcite/cuprous oxide nanocomposite material and application thereof. Hydrotalcite is added into a mixed water solution prepared by copper acetate and sodium thiosulfate to be stirred, glucose is added into the mixed water solution to be evenly stirred, a sodium hydroxide solution is added under the ultrasonic stirring condition after standing, and the hydrotalcite/cuprous oxide nanocomposite material is obtained through centrifugation, washing and drying. The molar concentrations of the copper acetate and the sodium thiosulfate in the mixed water solution are 0.2-0.3mol/L and 0.4-0.6mol/L respectively. The hydrotalcite accounts for 25%-35% of total mass of the copper acetate and the sodium thiosulfate. The glucose accounts for 4%-5% of total mass of the copper acetate, the sodium thiosulfate and the hydrotalcite. Blue-green algae treatment and handling efficiency is high, the handling efficiency can be higher than 80%, and the hydrotalcite/cuprous oxide nanocomposite material is low in cost, convenient to operate and easy to apply widely. After frustules killing, no influence on total hardness, Al concentration, total nitrogen and organic content in the solution occurs, and 90% of phosphorus in a water body can be absorbed.

The invention relates to a lossless frustule conveying system for a sealed type photobioreactor, and particularly relates to a pressure-lifting type lossless frustule circulation conveying system aiming at a sealed type photobioreactor system. The conveying system consists of a high-level liquid storage tank, a low-level buffering tank, a pressure-resisting tank, a pipeline type photobioreactor, an air compressor and an intelligent water level control unit, wherein the high-level liquid storage tank is positioned above the pressure-resisting tank; the high-level liquid storage tank is connected with the pressure-resisting tank through the inlet of the high-level liquid storage tank and the outlet of the high-pressure tank through a conveying tube 1; the low-level buffering tank is positioned secondarily above the pressure-resisting tank; the low-level buffering tank is connected with the pressure-resisting tank through an outlet of the low-level buffering tank and an inlet of the pressure-resisting tank through a conveying tube 2 with an electronic valve; the air compressor is connected with the pressure-resisting tank through a gas conveying tube; the opening of the gas conveying tube is formed at the upper part inside the pressure-resisting tank. The system is lossless for frustule, and the biomass of algae is increased by 70% when being compared with the biomass of the algae when a pump circulation pipeline type photobioreactor is used.

A thermal protection system (TPS) comprising a mixture of silicon carbide and SiO_x that has been converted from Si that is present in a collection of diatom frustules and at least one diatom has quasi-periodic pore-to-pore separation distance d(p-p) in a selected range. Where a heat shield comprising the converted SiC/SiO_x frustules receives radiation, associated with atmospheric (re)entry, a portion of this radiation is reflected so that radiation loading of the heat shield is reduced.

A composite comprising a porous silicon dioxide network coated in a carbon coating,an electrically conducting filler such as carbon black and a water dispersible or water soluble binder, preferably an alginate binder.

The invention discloses a method for strengthening sponges to enrich heavy metal in seawater, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: collecting hymeniacidon perleve in an intertidal zone sea area; after being washed with natural seawater, putting the hymeniacidon perleve into an aerated aquarium with flowing natural seawater to be temporarily fostered while the temperature is 13-23 DEG C and the density is 1-3 g-sponge/ L-seawater volume; putting equilateral chrysophyceae into seawater; adding sponges when the equilateral chrysophyceae grows to 700-900 thousand frustules / ml seawater, wherein the density of the sponges is 5-7 g-sponge/ L-seawater volume. The invention has simple program and convenient operation, can be used for purification treatment to heavy metal in cultivation pollution discharge water body, can be used for purifying coastwise open seawater environment, can obviously purify seawater body and improve marine ecological environment, is effective and economic and can produce great economic benefit and social benefit.

The invention discloses a system and method for indirectly thermo-chemically converting biomass slurry by using solar energy. The system for indirectly thermo-chemically converting biomass slurry by using solar energy comprises a material storage box, a plunger pump, a heat exchanger, a heat conduction oil tank, a heat conduction oil pump solar heat collector, a vent valve and a waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and is characterized in that frustule suspension liquid is charged into the material storage box; the liquid storage box is connected with a first inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger via a pipeline, a first outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected with a first inlet of the heat exchanger via the plunger pump and a second pipeline, a first outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the heat conduction oil tank via a third pipeline, and the heat conduction oil tank is connected with the solar heat collector via the heat conduction oil pump and a fourth pipeline; the solar heat collector is connected with a second inlet of the heat exchanger via a fifth pipeline, and a second outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a second inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger via a sixth pipeline and the vent valve. The system and method provided by the invention can be widely applied to the fields of environmental protection, energy, biology, chemical engineering and the like.

The present invention relates to a method comprising the steps of: culturing benthic pennate diatoms in an industrial biofilm process, wherein in said industrial biofilm process said benthic pennate diatoms are growing on at least one surface in a water-comprising compartment and wherein said benthic pennate diatoms forms a biofilm on said at least one surface; harvesting said benthic pennate diatoms from said at least one surface; and extracting said frustules by separating said frustules from organic biomass comprised in said benthic pennate diatoms.

The invention provides a method for promoting microalgae to synthesize tri-acylglycerol by using 2-methylacetoacetic acid ethyl ester, which comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a culture medium artificially, wherein the components of the culture medium is BG11 which is diluted to 50%, and controlling the concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the culture medium to be respectively 10-15mg.L<-1> and 1.0-1.5mg.L<-1>; 2, inoculating Scenedesmus in the culture medium, wherein the inoculum density is (3-10)*105 Scenedesmus mL<-1>, after the inoculation is finished, adding 0.5-1.0mg.L<-1> of 2-methylacetoacetic acid ethyl ester EMA in the culture medium; and 3, culturing for 10-18 days, acquiring frustule from centrifuged algae solution, extracting frustule oil and tri-acylglycerol with an organic solvent extraction process. The added 2-methylacetoacetic acid ethyl ester in the invention can promote the content of the tri-acylglycerol in the Scenedesmus frustule and the output of the tri-acylglycerol in unit algae solution, thereby improving the output of the biodiesel raw materials and the application potential for prepare the biodiesel by using the microalgae.

An air purifying coating system and method for making same having a carrier agent and a diatomic frustule titanium dioxide particle dispersion combined with the carrier agent. The coating system may include 70-99.9 weight percent carrier agent and 0.1-30 weight percent diatomic frustule titanium dioxide particle dispersion. The carrier agent of the coating system may include a cleaning agent or a polishing agent. The diatomic frustule titanium dioxide particle dispersion may include 1-35 micron particle size diatomic frustule titanium dioxide particles combined with water and dispersion additive. The dispersion may further include an anti-settling additive, a rheology additive, and/or a defoamer.