The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a flexible
porous membrane capable of identifying polar and non-polar gases, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, uniformly stirring and mixing a
prepolymer and a curing agent, adding a mixture of
carbon black and a sacrificial template, ultrasonically and uniformly mixing, vacuumizing to remove bubbles, and heating and curing to obtain a compound of a membrane and the sacrificial template; 2, removing the sacrificial template in the compound by using a template remover, cleaning by using a
cleaning agent, and
drying to obtain a flexible porous PDMS substrate; and step 3, placing the flexible porous PDMS substrate in a
plasma cleaning instrument for
radio frequency treatment, placing the flexible porous PDMS substrate subjected to
radio frequency treatment in a cross-linking agent-containing
solvent, standing in a dark place, cleaning, and
drying to obtain the flexible
porous membrane. According to the preparation method, carbon
powder is introduced to enhance an
electric signal after being in contact with gas, molecular chains containing F / H are connected into the surface and holes of the membrane through self-
assembly, and due to the difference of F / H
electronegativity, corresponding electric signals are presented for gas molecules with different polarities for people to distinguish the gas.