The invention provides a device and method for measuring the effective arm length of a swing arm type contourgraph. The device comprises a first target ball, a second target ball, a fine-tuning mechanism, a cross arm, a cross arm support, a balance weight block, a computer, a first angle block, a cross arm turntable, a second angle block, a laser tracking instrument, a workpiece turntable, a mirror face to be tested, a touch type sensor and a work table face. The cross arm rotates around the axis of the cross arm turntable, a measurement head ball center of the touch type sensor, the ball center of the first target ball and the ball center of the second target ball form an arc track rotating around the axis of the cross arm turntable in space, and the laser tracking instrument respectively tracks and measures the arc track of the ball center of the first target ball and the ball center of the second target ball in the space. By means of data processing of the computer, the distance between the measurement head ball center of the touch type sensor and the axis of the cross arm turntable, namely the effectively arm length of the swing arm type contourgraph, is obtained.