The invention relates to a mechanical and hydraulic compound transmission device which comprises an engine, a speed changer, a planetary gear box, a hydraulic variable pump, a hydraulic motor and a reduction gearbox; the engine is sequentially connected with the transmission speed changer and the planetary gear box, and a planetary gear mechanism of the planetary gear box distributes the power driven by the motor to respectively drive the hydraulic variable pump and a center gear; the hydraulic variable pump is sequentially connected with a transmission hydraulic motor and a half shaft, the half shaft converges mechanical power flow driven by the center gear and hydraulic power flow driven by the hydraulic motor and protrudes outside the planetary gear box to output the power, and a transmission gear box is connected with the half shaft to redrive a rear shaft to drive a vehicle. A special vehicle refit by the technology with a single-engine configuration can run at a stepless variable speed in a mechanical and hydraulic compound transmission mode, meanwhile, the vehicle can drive a vehicle-mounted operating device in the mechanical transmission mode; during transition, the mechanical transmission mode can be adopted to cause the device to run quickly, the power system occupies little vehicle space, and has low emission, high transmission efficiency and low oil consumption.