The invention relates to an integrated transport track type multipurpose mechanized fast obstacle-surmounting bridge, and belongs to the field of mechanized bridges. In the obstacle-surmounting bridge, a first bridge section, a second bridge section, a third bridge section and a fourth bridge section are rotatably connected with a middle bridge section, unfolding and overturning are realized by anunfolding and overturning erection mechanism between the bridge sections, locking is realized by a transverse hydraulic inserting pin, and supporting is realized by a supporting mechanism at the bottom of the bridge sections; when the obstacle-surmounting bridge is not erected, the second bridge section and the middle bridge section are locked and arranged on a track frame bridge vehicle, and theremaining bridge sections are overlapped on the second bridge section and the middle bridge section; during erecting, the first bridge section, the third bridge section and the fourth bridge sectionrotate around all connecting points under pushing of the unfolding and overturning erection mechanism and are locked through the transverse hydraulic inserting pin after been unfolded to place; in theerection process, the supporting mechanism is extended to make contact with the ground for supporting; and after erection, the bridge sections and the track frame bridge vehicle are unlocked and separated, and the obstacle-surmounting bridge is formed. The obstacle-surmounting bridge adopts mechanized operation, a bridge for surmounting an obstacle can be erected quickly, road transporting requirements are met by integrated assembly, railway transporting requirements are met by split assembly, and supporting by the track frame bridge vehicle is not required after erection is completed.