The invention discloses a mounting structure of an outer wall rock wool heat preservation integrated plate of a high-rise housing and a construction method. The rock wool heat preservation integratedplate is embedded in an aluminum alloy grating and bonded on a mounting wall, the aluminum alloy grating is composed of multiple aluminum alloy square tubes horizontally fixed to the mounting wall andparallel to each other, the position, between two adjacent aluminum alloy square tubes, of the rock wool heat preservation integrated plate is supported by the aluminum alloy square tube on the lower portion, the construction method comprises the steps of aluminum alloy grating detailed design, straight hanging, line snapping, rear embedded part mounting, aluminum alloy square tube mounting, pointing, mounting wall treatment, rock wool heat preservation integrated plate deepened figure making, wall payoff, rock wool heat preservation integrated plate cutting and anchorage part mounting, bonding mortar preparing, rock wool heat preservation integrated plate bonding, gluing, and protection film removing. Through the aluminum alloy grating, the mounting wall is divided, vertical flatness ofthe rock wool heat preservation integrated plate is ensured conveniently, the rock wool heat preservation integrated plate is embedded in the aluminum alloy grating, and a safety quality accident ofintegrated plate whole falling is avoided.