148results about How to "Precise inversion" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for monitoring farmland drought, which comprises obtaining soil or leaf water content of an observing point which is arranged on monitoring ground surface, building a functional relation between soil or leaf water content of the observing point and a corresponding index of characterized farmland drought condition, taking remote sensing data into the functional relation, and obtaining the soil or leaf water content of the monitoring ground surface, wherein the corresponding index of characterized ground surface drought condition is defined according to following methods: Firstly, the farmland ground surface whose vegetation coverage< =15% adopts a vertical drought index, secondly, the farmland ground surface whose vegetation coverage>15% and <= 65% adopts a vegetation conditions albedo drought index, and thirdly, the farmland ground surface whose vegetation coverage>65% to 100% adopts at least one of three following indexes: a short wave infrared vertical water loss index, a vegetation water content index, and a vegetation water deficit index. The ground surface drought monitoring method of the invention is applied for drought testing farmland ground surface with different vegetation coverage degrees.

The invention discloses a vegetation index construction method applied to a city. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) performing radiation correction at different degrees according to acquired city optical remote sensing image data, and thus acquiring city remote sensing image data which is subjected to the radiation correction; (2) performing geometrical fine correction, embedding and cutting preprocessing on the city optical remote sensing image data which is subjected to the radiation correction, and thus acquiring a preprocessed city remote sensing image; and (3) calculating the vegetation index IVI of the preprocessed city remote sensing image. By the method, the influence of city building land and water bodies can be well restrained, vegetation information can be enhanced, and the method is suitable for remote sensing image data acquired by a sensor without ground scaling parameters. A city vegetation index constructed by the method can accurately, quickly and precisely reflect the vegetation information of the city.

The invention discloses a multiwave beam-based depth-sounding joint inversion method for a sound velocity profile and a submarine topography. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) transmitting multiwave beams to the seafloor of a sounded sea area through a transmitting transducer array of a multiwave-beam depth sounding system, and receiving echo signals through a receiving transducer array of the multiwave-beam depth sounding system; (2) obtaining the arrival angle and the arrival time of echoes according to the received echo signals by using the multiwave-beam depth sounding system; (3) establishing a state space model formed by using a state equation and a sounding equation; (4) obtaining inversion values of the sound velocity gradient and the seafloor depth of the sounded sea area by using a sequential filter method according to the established state space model and the arrival angle and the arrival time of received echoes, and obtaining an estimate of the sound velocity profile of the sounded sea area by using the inversion value of the sound velocity gradient; and further, calculating the water temperature profile of the sounded sea area by using the estimate of the sound velocity profile. According to the multiwave beam-based depth-sounding joint inversion method for the sound velocity profile and the submarine topography, disclosed by the invention, the estimates of the sound velocity profile and the depth of the seafloor can be obtained quickly and accurately.

The invention provides a pipeline defect magnetic flux leakage inversion method based on Adaboost-RBF synergy, relating to the technical field of magnetic flux leakage detection of pipelines. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out magnetic flux leakage detection on standard defects, and carrying out feature extraction; measuring defect shape parameters of front several meters of a pipeline on which to-be-tested defects are located; carrying out the magnetic flux leakage detection on the pipeline on which to-be-tested defects are located, and carrying out feature extraction; determining sample data and to-be-tested data; establishing an Adaboost-RBF neural network initial model; correcting the Adaboost-RBF neural network initial model; and inputting the to-be-tested data into the final model, so as to obtain the shape parameters of the to-be-tested defects, thereby finishing the inversion. By inverting the pipeline defects by virtue of an Adaboost-RBF neural network model, the rapid defect shape reconstitution can be realized, the learning speed is high, the precision is high, the generalization performance is good, and the severity of the defects can be judged, so that the pipeline leakage is prevented, and the loss is avoided.

A liquid crystal device includes a lateral electric field mode liquid crystal element that controls alignment of liquid crystal molecules by applying an electric field in a direction of a substrate plane to a liquid crystal layer. A voltage inverter circuit is provided in each pixel circuit, and inverts a voltage applied to the liquid crystal element by switching the supply of each of the first and second voltages, supplied from a memory circuit, to between a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode of the liquid crystal element. A holding capacitor holds a voltage applied to the liquid crystal element. The voltage inverter circuit includes switching elements. One end of the holding capacitor is connected to at least one of a common connecting point of first and second switching elements and a connecting point of third and fourth switching elements.

A real-time dual-wavelength optical aerosol particle size measuring device is disclosed. The device comprises a single-particle focusing gas path, two light intensity detecting units, two optical field distribution detecting units, a scattering cavity, a microcomputer control unit and a power supply system. The device reduces influences of the particle refractive index, environment humidity, and other conditions on measurement of the particle optical-equivalent grain size by a light scattering method, and can improve particle size measurement sensitivity and accuracy. The particle refractive index is calculated by adopting a front side scattering optical field distribution detecting unit, thus improving particle size measurement accuracy. The device can be combined with other aerosol particle measuring techniques to improve measurement accuracy.

The invention provides a method and a system for inverting urban surface temperatures. The method comprises the steps of S1, obtaining the TM image data of a region to be tested, S2, preprocessing the TM image data, including atmospheric correction, geometric correction, image enhancement and image clipping, S3, converting the pixel gray level value of the thermal infrared band in the preprocessed TM image data into corresponding radiance, S4, obtaining corresponding a radiation brightness temperature according to the radiance, and S5, converting the radiation brightness temperature into the surface temperature by use of the emissivity of different surface features, wherein the TM image data are multi-band scanning image data obtained by use of an optical earth land satellite Landsat-5 thematic charting instrument TM. The method can be widely applied to monitoring the urban thermal environment, and has the advantages of low cost, high accuracy and wide application range.

A delivery device usable to deliver an inverting implant is provided that includes a positioning mechanism that automatically initiates the inversion process once a predetermined length of the implant has exited a delivery catheter. The positioning mechanism allows the implant to be safely and accurately deployed with reduced operator experience and in a greater variety of target locations.

The invention discloses an improved water cloud model and a paddy parameter inversion method adopting the model. The canopy heterogeneity and phenological change thereof are considered in the construction of a planting area scene by the water cloud model; the secondary scattering between the plant and the underlying surface is considered in the scattering mechanism analysis process; a quantitative relation between the main scattering mechanism and the plant parameter is established. The model framework is more reasonable and is more suitable for the practical process of the growth and development of the crops, including paddy. The improved water cloud model is applied to the paddy parameter inversion method. On the basis of polarized SAR data, the contributions of different scattering mechanisms and the correlation thereof with different paddy parameters are fully considered. A polarized SAR paddy parameter inversion method considering the canopy heterogeneity and phenological change thereof is developed. According to the method, the inversion accuracy is high, the error is small, the parameters in the early phenological periods of the growth and development of the paddy can be accurately inversed and the monitoring for the growth of the paddy and the estimation for the yield are more true, accurate and reliable.

The invention discloses a full waveform joint inversion method for improving high steep structure velocity inversion efficiency, and belongs to the petroleum geophysical exploration field. The method comprises the steps: establishing an observation system by inputting the initial velocity field, the shot record and the focus wavelet; utilizing traditional reverse time migration to obtain the imaging result which is taken as a reflection coefficient model, and applying linear forward modeling and linear wave field back propagation; calculating the gradient directions of two prism waveforms and adding the gradient directions together to calculate the inverse gradient direction of the prism waveform, using the linear search method or a parabolic fitting method to calculate the updated step, and using the calculated gradient direction and step to update the velocity; using the conventional full waveform inversion method to update the velocity again, and determining whether or not to satisfy the error condition; if not, using the updated velocity as the input velocity, and updating the velocity again; and if so, outputting the inversion result. The full waveform joint inversion method for improving high steep structure velocity inversion efficiency reduces the dependency about whether the high steep structure information is missing in the initial model, and improves the inversion accuracy and efficiency for the high steep structure.

The invention discloses a measuring method of the anisotropic parameters of a rock, comprising the following steps of: establishing a machine-electricity-sound network of a lamellar compression wave transducer, deducing the electricity-sound impulse response and the transmission function of the machine-electricity-sound network and the sound-electricity impulse response and the transmission function of the machine-electricity-sound network; establishing a transmission network model of the acoustic parameter measurement of a rock sample formed by a sound source system and a receiver system , and respectively calculating the delays of a compression wave and a shear wave, which are caused by the electricity-sound conversion characteristic of the sound source system and the sound-electricity conversion characteristic of the receiver system in a transmission process in the rock sample; and establishing an algorithm for determining an energy angle of a P-wave, which corresponds to the direction of a phase angle of 45 degrees, for the anisotropic rock sample to ensure that the phase velocity of the P-wave in the direction of the phase angle of 45 degrees is accurately acquired by calculating energy velocity measured in the direction of the energy angle, thereby calculating the stiffness constant C13 of the rock sample. The measuring method is accurate in calculation result and suitable for the technical field of rock physics.

The invention discloses a near-surface air temperature inversion method comprising the following steps: establishing an original data record set of an unmanned weather station; constructing a first sub-pattern learning set and a first sub-pattern validation set; and acquiring a second sub-pattern to a fth sub-pattern, performing near-surface air temperature inversion to acquire a near-surface air temperature inversion image map of a target zone, and performing error correction to acquire a corrected near-surface air temperature inversion image map. According to the near-surface air temperature inversion method disclosed by the invention, the near-surface air temperature inversion is performed by collecting actually-measured air temperature of the unmanned weather station, collecting meteorological satellite data, DEM data and astronomy and calendar rules and also adopting a super nonlinear algorithm, and the near-surface air temperature inversion image map is then calculated by using a high-performance computer. Results show that the near-surface air temperature inversion method disclosed by the invention is relatively high in pattern accuracy, high in result reliability and strong in generalization ability, and ensures that the interferences of clouds, terrains and the like can be overcome; and a constructed CPU+GPU heterogeneously-cooperative parallel computer ensures that the computation speed can be increased by more than 1000 times, so that the near-surface air temperature inversion method is convenient for large-area application and computing capacity expansion.

The present invention discloses a space-borne SAR image geometric rectification method based on priori DEM data, comprising: obtaining an actual space-borne SAR image to be rectified; establishing a distance Doppler model for the actual space-borne SAR image to be rectified, recorded as an imaging model; then using the imaging model to position P x N pixels in the actual space-borne SAR image to be rectified respectively to obtain the positioning coordinates for the P x N pixels in the actual space-borne SAR image to be rectified; according to the respective positioning coordinates for the P x N pixels in the actual space-borne SAR image to be rectified, further calculating the electromagnetic wave incidence angles of the P x N pixels in the actual space-borne SAR image to be rectified and the finally inverted ideal SAR image Sima; and calculating respectively the pixel deviation amounts na of the actual spaceborne SAR image to be rectified with respect to Sima in the azimuth direction and the pixel deviation amounts nr of the actual space-borne SAR image to be rectified with respect to Sima in the distance direction so as to further calculate the actual SAR image after geometric precise rectification.

The invention discloses an image inversion method of a non-uniform sampling comprehensive bore diameter radiometer. The image inversion method comprises the steps that the positions of non-uniform sampling points are calculated according to position coordinates of antenna units, and the values of the visibility functions of the non-uniform sampling points are obtained; according to the positions of the non-uniform sampling points, a spatial frequency domain is divided into a plurality of regions, and the area of each region is calculated; according to the area of each region, discrete convolution operation is conducted on the values of the visibility functions of the non-uniform sampling points, and the values of the visibility functions of uniform sampling points are obtained; inverse Fourier transformation is conducted on the values of the visibility functions of the uniform sampling points, and a middle brightness temperature distribution image of an observation space is obtained; according to the middle brightness temperature distribution image and the result of inverse Fourier transformation of a window function, a correction scene brightness temperature image is obtained; according to the correction scene brightness temperature image and the reciprocal of an inclination factor of the observation scene brightness temperature, an observation scene brightness temperature image is obtained. The image inversion method can rapidly, efficiently and accurately achieve inversion of a scene brightness temperature distribution image of the non-uniform sampling comprehensive bore diameter radiometer.

The invention relates to a pseudorandom spectrum-spread electromagnetic wave tomographic imaging instrument and a method for achieving imaging. The imaging instrument comprises a pseudorandom sequence generator, a modulator, a power amplifier and a transmitting antenna which are sequentially connected, and further comprises a signal receiving antenna, a demodulator, a signal correlator and a signal strength estimator which are sequentially connected, wherein the signal correlator is connected with the pseudorandom sequence generator which is connected with a synchronous controller, and the synchronous controller is connected with a data processing host which is connected with a human-computer interface. Under the condition that conditions such as transmission energy, working frequencies and detected objects are basically the same, by means of the pseudorandom code spectrum-spread technology, the system can have high interference resistance, and the detection penetration distance can be increased to a certain extent.

The invention discloses a water absorption profile prediction method based on a small sample condition, which collects multi-source data of an oilfield block to be analyzed. Connectivity analysis andgrey relational analysis were carried out to determine the static and dynamic factors affecting water intake profile, and the normalized treatment was carried out to form a standard water intake profile small sample library. The cost function of integrated multi-task is established by using the sublayer as the machine learning unit, and the generalized model adapting to the prediction of water absorption of each sublayer is obtained by using the gradient descent algorithm. Relying on the limited water injection profile data of water injection wells, further parameter fine-tuning and personalized learning is carried out, the water injection prediction model adapted to the water injection splitting law of water injection wells is established, and the continuous dynamic prediction of water injection profile is realized based on the model. Based on the machine learning theory under the condition of small samples, the method realizes the accurate splitting of water injection quantity and the prediction of water injection profile, has important significance for recognizing the distribution of underground remaining oil, and is the basis for realizing the stratified production allocation and injection allocation of an intelligent oilfield.

The invention relates to an earth surface albedo inversion method based on a BRDF prototype. The earth surface albedo inversion method includes the steps of carrying out the loop iteration fitting on multi-angle observation data by applying the BRDF prototype, determining the minimum RMSE, and proposing a new earth surface albedo inversion method based on the BRDF prototype. Taking test data of a WiDAS in the Back River area as an example, the BRDF prototype is used as bidirectional reflectance priori knowledge to restrain acute changes of a bidirectional reflectance shape at a large observation zenith angle and overcome the albedo uncertainty caused by the changes of the extreme reflectance. Being different from a business-operation earth surface albedo inversion algorithm based on a nuclear driving model at present, the earth surface albedo inversion method based on the BRDF prototype provides an earth surface albedo inversion solution for a sensor which is insufficient in space sampling capacity. The earth surface albedo inversion method based on the BRDF prototype has the important application value on the technical field of spatial information and particularly on the quantitative remote sensing aspect.

The invention discloses a bridge moving load identification method based on cascaded dictionaries and sparse regularization. The method mainly includes the following steps: 1) arranging a speed measuring device on a bridge to be used for measuring vehicle speed, and arranging a plurality of strain and acceleration sensors on the bridge for actual measurement of bridge response; 2) building a bridge finite element model; 3) adopting cascaded dictionaries formed by a discrete trigonometric function and a discrete rectangular function to expand an unknown moving load; 4) normalizing actual measurement response, and introducing a weighted L1 norm regularization method to build an identification equation; and 5) utilizing a fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA) to solve the equation, and calculating a corresponding time interval signal. The method provided by the invention can accurately identify a bridge moving load, including a slowly-changing integral signal and local impact signal in bridge moving vehicle load signals, has strong noise robustness, and is particularly suitable for field utilization of bridge response to estimate gross vehicle weight.

The invention relates to a quasi-three-dimensional space constrained integral inversion method for aero-electromagnetic data of a fixed wing in time a domain. The method includes: firstly, setting aninitial model and a regularization coefficient to forward calculate error items of survey area data for each survey point data; secondly, if the error term does not reach the inversion termination condition, establishing the pseudo-three-dimensional space constrained global inversion objective function of the conductivity and attitude angle of each underground layer; finally, judging again whetherthe data error term reaches the inversion termination condition, that is to say, an inversion result is obtained. The method considers the continuity among the measuring lines, and also adds the flight attitude angle. Quasi-three-dimensional constrained inversion is introduced to ensure the accuracy of the inversion results. Not only the resistivity of each underground layer and the inversion parameters of each measuring point of a single measuring line are constrained, but also the measuring lines in the surveying area are constrained as a whole. The attitude angle correction can not be carried out directly due to the inaccuracy or absence of the attitude angle. The results of quasi-three-dimensional constrained global inversion are better than those of quasi-two-dimensional global inversion.

The invention relates to the technical field of rock mineral mechanical parameter measurement and characterization, and aims to provide a method for inverting rock mineral parameters based on nano-indentation and numerical simulation. The method comprises the following steps: selecting different minerals on the surface of the rock to perform a nano-indentation test to obtain load-displacement curves, elastic modulus and hardness of different minerals; establishing a numerical model and a numerical test scheme based on a numerical simulation method, obtaining numerical simulation data for establishing an artificial neural network model, and obtaining a quantitative mapping relation after training and verification; and obtaining an optimal solution through an optimized search algorithm, namely the mechanical parameters of the rock minerals. By means of numerical simulation, the microscopic mechanical parameters of the minerals are associated with the nano-indentation test data, and the technical problem of parameter characterization of the rock minerals is solved; the accuracy and robustness of the artificial neural network model can be improved, and parameter characterization can berealized quickly and accurately; and the method for inverting rock mineral parameters based on nano-indentation and numerical simulation has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and high application and popularization values.

The invention discloses a retrieval method and device for a water vapor profile.The method comprises the steps of obtaining mode data from an NCEP and hyperspectral satellite data from a CrIS; according to the mode data and the hyperspectral satellite data, searching for an experience orthogonality regression coefficient matched with the hyperspectral satellite data in a database, wherein the database comprises one or more experience orthogonality regression coefficients; according to the hyperspectral satellite data and the experience regression coefficient, conducting retrieval, so that the water vapor profile is obtained, wherein the simulation radiation value of a training sample and an experience orthogonality expansion matrix of the water vapor sample profile are fitted through a least square method, calculation is conducted, and the experience orthogonality regression coefficient is obtained.By means of the retrieval method and device, the water vapor profile can be obtained stably and rapidly through hyperspectral data retrieval, an important technical means is provided for monitoring water vapor distribution, the method and device are applicable to service application, and data product support is further provided for more deeply understanding and quantifying the feedback effect of water vapor on a weather system and a climate system.

The invention discloses a precise inversion method for a soil dielectric constant through a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) satellite reflection signal and belongs to the technical field of microwave remote sensing. The method comprises the following steps of: receiving a direct signal and a reflection signal of a GNSS satellite by utilizing a GNSS bistatic radar, acquiring the power of the direct signal and the reflection signal, and further acquiring the soil reflectance R; acquiring a relationship between a surface reflection coefficient and a relative soil dielectric constant; and determining the corresponding reflection coefficient and soil reflectance according to the different received reflection signals, setting an intermediate parameter, converting the formula of the soil reflectance into a quartic equation with one unknown quantity, solving the solution of the equation, and determining the soil dielectric constant. The method is wide in application range and high in inversion precision, and the soil dielectric constant can be accurately inversed, so that accurate soil humidity is obtained.

The invention discloses a method of improving gravity field inversion precision based on disturbance intersatellite relative velocity. The method comprises steps that according to a satellite-borne range finer and a satellite-borne GPS receiver, and a disturbance intersatellite relative velocity (img file='DDA001263047990000011. TIF' wi='216' he='78'), a single satellite disturbance absolute velocity, and a disturbance absolute position are determined; according to the single satellite disturbance absolute velocity, a Lagrange interpolation formula is adopted to calculate a double-satellite disturbance absolute acceleration vector difference (img file='DDA0001263047990000012. TIF' wi='190' he='79'); according to the disturbance absolute position, a unit vector is determined; according to the determined unit vector and the double-satellite disturbance absolute acceleration vector difference (img file='DDA0001263047990000013. TIF' wi='202' he='78'), the line of sight (img file='DDA0001263047990000015. TIF' wi='347' he='78') of the determined double-satellite disturbance absolute acceleration vector difference (img file='DDA0001263047990000014 TIF' wi='166' he='79') is determined; according to the line of sight (img file='DDA0001263047990000015. TIF' wi='347' he='78') and the disturbance intersatellite relative velocity, a disturbance intersatellite relative velocity observation equation is determined; according to the disturbance intersatellite relative velocity observation equation, earth gravity field inversion is carried out, and earth gravitation potential coefficient precision and accumulated geoid precision are determined. The method is advantageous in that the inversion of the earth gravity field is carried out accurately and quickly, and the earth gravity field inversion precision and spatial resolution are improved.

The invention discloses a system and method for simulating imaging of a sea surface and ship composite scene by a stationary orbit SAR. A target characteristic simulation subsystem generates the moving sea surface and ship composite scene, and a flight parameter setting computer generates a flight attitude and a flight track of the tested stationary orbit SAR equipment and controls the attitude ofthe tested stationary orbit SAR equipment; one-dimensional range profile data of the moving sea surface and ship composite scene is generated corresponding to the current position angle of the stationary orbit SAR, and converted into a corresponding stationary orbit SAR echo signal, the stationary orbit SAR echo signal is radiated to the tested stationary orbit SAR equipment by an array and the feed system through a feed control computer, and finally, the tested stationary orbit SAR equipment performs imaging on the received echo signal and displays the echo signal on a simulation situation display subsystem.

The invention relates to a device and a method suitable for measuring dielectric parameters of a high reflection material in a terahertz frequency band. The device comprises a reference plate, a transmission measuring module, a reflection measuring module, and a calculating module. The method comprises: taking a partially transmissive, partially reflective material as a reference plate; performinga transmission measurement on the reference plate to obtain a complex refractive index of the reference plate, and estimating the reflectance of the reference plate at a set incident angle; measuringthe terahertz wave energy reflected by the reference plate and the material to be measured at the same set incident angle, and calculating the reflectance of the material plate to be measured according to the estimated reflectance of the reference plate; calculating the phase shift caused by the material plate to be measured according to the reflectance and the extrapolated reflectance of the material plate to be measured in the measurement band, and obtaining the complex dielectric parameters of the material plate to be measured. The device and the method suitable for measuring the dielectric parameter of a high reflection material in a terahertz frequency band are based on the terahertz time-domain spectrum technology of the optical fiber coupling, and are particularly suitable for measuring the dielectric parameters of a high reflection material in the terahertz frequency band, and contribute to improve the measurement accuracy of the reflectance and the dielectric parameter.

The invention provides a seismic prestack inversion method and device for horizontal cracks, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the physical property parameters of an underground medium in a target work area according to the logging data of the target work area, wherein the physical property parameters comprise the physical property parameters of each stratum and the parameters of each crack; extracting seismic wavelets of a borehole-side seismic trace set in the target work area according to the obtained physical property parameters of the underground medium; building a stratum initial model of the target work area according to the obtained physical property parameters of the underground medium; carrying out the inversion of a stratum model of the physical property parameters of an underground real medium in the target area according to the stratum initial model, the seismic wavelets of the borehole-side seismic trace set and an actual seismic trace set, and obtaining the stratum model of the physical property parameters of the real medium in the target area. The method can carry out the inversion of growth conditions of horizontal cracks according to the stratum initial model and the seismic wavelets of the borehole-side seismic trace set, and obtains the stratum model, comprising the horizontal cracks, of the physical property parameters of the underground real medium, so as to further predict a dessert region with abundant oil gas according to the above stratum model.

The invention discloses an inversion method for the aerosol extinction coefficient horizontally detected by laser radar. The method is combined with a slope method and a classical Fernald algorithm, and can achieve accurate inversion of horizontally detecting the extinction coefficient of aerosol. The method comprises the steps of: calculating extinction coefficient mean value of a uniform segmentin a laser radar echo signal by using the slope method; taking the extinction coefficient calculated by the slope method as an extinction coefficient initial value, substituting the midpoint of the uniform segment of the echo signal as a reference point into a Fernald method integral formula, and calculating an aerosol horizontal extinction coefficient profile. According to the inversion method for the aerosol extinction coefficient horizontally detected by laser radar, by combining with the slope method and the classical Fernald algorithm, the horizontal distribution aerosol extinction coefficient can be inversed, the problem that the conventional Fernald algorithm cannot invert the horizontal aerosol extinction coefficient can be solved due to lack of reference points and a corresponding extinction coefficient, therefore, distribution of near-surface aerosol and pollutants can be detected by the laser radar.

The invention discloses a sea ice monitoring system and a monitoring method. The system comprises a laser emission system, a laser fluorescence receiving system, a photoelectric conversion system, a signal acquisition system and a control system, wherein the laser emission system is used for emitting laser which is high in power and relatively high in repetition frequency and having a special wavelength to a sea surface; the laser fluorescence receiving system is used for collecting a fluorescence signal from stimulated emission of sea ice, and transmitting the received fluorescence signal to the photoelectric conversion system; the signal acquisition system is used for converting an analog electrical signal into a digital signal and storing the digital signal in the control system; the control system is used for implementing data analysis, processing, comparison and display through a data analysis processing system. The monitoring system and the monitoring method disclosed by the invention can make use of sea ice stimulated fluorescence spectrum databases at different temperatures, and analyze and compare the databases through a computer, so as to efficiently and accurately resolve existence of the sea ice; the monitoring system and method, through determining attenuation degree of fluorescence signal strength in the sea ice, can accurately reflect thickness of the sea ice.

The invention provides a BGA (ball grid array) ball-mounting method. The method comprises the following steps of selecting solder balls and manufacturing a ball-mounting steel net, i.e. selecting the corresponding solder balls according to the size of bonding pads and the distance between the bonding pads, and manufacturing the ball-mounting steel net; printing a soldering flux, i.e. printing a layer of pasty soldering flux on a BGA substrate; fixing the substrate, i.e. fixing the BGA substrate to a ball-mounting supporting frame; performing alignment operation, i.e. placing the ball-mounting steel net with steel net openings on the ball-mounting supporting frame, enabling the steel net openings to correspond to the BGA bonding pads one to one, and reserving a clearance between the BGA substrate and the steel net; performing ball-reversing operation, i.e. uniformly dispersing solder balls onto the ball-mounting steel net, and swinging the ball-mounting supporting frame so that one solder ball falls onto each bonding pad on the BGA substrate; performing de-molding operation, i.e. separating the ball-mounting steel net from the BGA substrate; performing soldering operation, i.e. performing reflow soldering on the BGA substrate with the solder balls.

The invention discloses a scattering system for obtaining multi-faced diffuse reflection information of a fruit. The scattering system comprises a box body, a light source system, an imaging system, a sample delivery system, a sample rotating system and a computer control system located outside the box body, wherein the light source system, the imaging system, the sample delivery system and the sample rotating system are arranged in the box body; the light source system is used for providing a light source for irradiating a sample; the imaging system is used for collecting diffuse reflection information of the light source entering inside the sample to be scattered on the surface; and the sample delivery system and the sample rotating system are used for adjusting the position of the sample and driving the sample to rotate to collect the multi-faced diffuse reflection information of the sample. The hyperspectral scattering system is good in expandability and high in precision, and is capable of quickly and accurately obtaining the diffuse reflectivity of the fruit on a wave band of 400-1,000nm.