The invention discloses a vegetable and fruit coating preservative. The preservative comprises pullulan, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sucrose ester, cyclodextrin, natamycin and the balance of water; the preservative is prepared by using natural materials as main materials; compared with the prior art, the preservative has the advantages that: because the adopted raw materials are natural macromolecular polysaccharides, the preservative has good water solubility, is edible and nontoxic, has good film forming property, is a degradable material and does not produce environmental pollution; after the preservative is used, the average weight loss ratio is reduced by about 10 percent, the appearance of vegetables and fruits is improved, and the glossiness of the fruits is improved; propagation of bacteria at the storage period can be effectively inhibited, and the rotting rate of the fruits is reduced by 15 to 30 percent; and the preservative is simple in preparation method and simple andconvenient in use, can be used with a method of low-temperature storage, air-conditioning storage or the like, and has remarkable effect. The preservative has the effects of reducing water loss of the fruits, reducing the respiratory rate of the fruits and keeping the surfaces of the fruits smooth and attractive, and is particularly suitable for storage and fresh keeping of vegetables and fruits such as oranges, apples, strawberries, jujubes, plum tomatoes and the like.