The invention provides a cavity type bulk acoustic wave resonator with a support column and a preparation method of the cavity type bulk acoustic wave resonator. The method comprises the following steps of: taking a piezoelectric single crystal wafer which is subjected to ion implantation and is provided with a bottom electrode; forming a plurality of supporting columns on one side, with the bottom electrode, of the piezoelectric single crystal wafer; forming a cavity at the gap of supporting columns, taking the substrate, bonding the substrate with one side of the piezoelectric single crystalwafer with the cavity, carrying out heat treatment on the substrate after bonding, stripping a film of the piezoelectric single crystal wafer, and producing a top electrode on the stripped side of the piezoelectric single crystal wafer to obtain the piezoelectric single crystal wafer. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, a sacrificial layer does not need to be grown, etching and trepanning are not carried out on the thin film, the mechanical strength of the device is improved, and the thin film is not easily damaged; the cavity structure is formed before film formation, the rate of finished products is high, residues left by etching after film formation do not exist, and the influence of incomplete release on the device does not need to be considered.