The invention discloses a method and a device for removing high-concentration dust in flue gas of a glass kiln and belongs to the field of environmental protection. The method comprises the following steps: receiving high-temperature flue gas exhausted by the glass kiln by using a waste heat boiler; adding tempering substances for tempering and dedusting the high-temperature flue gas; adding a reducing agent in the dedusted high-temperature flue gas and performing denitration treatment on the high-temperature flue gas, enabling the high-temperature flue gas subjected to denitration treatment to return to the waste heat boiler, and cooling the high-temperature flue gas to form low-temperature flue gas; performing desulfurization treatment on the low-temperature flue gas by a wet flue gas desulfurization process or a semi-dry desulfurization process; performing dedusting treatment on the low-temperature flue gas and exhausting the treated gas by a chimney. The waste heat boiler in the device comprises a high temperature side and a low temperature side, wherein the high temperature side is divided into an area A and an area B; the area A, an electric precipitator, a mechanical pre-trapping device, denitration equipment, the area B, the low temperature side, a draught fan, desulfurization equipment, a wet electric precipitator and the chimney are sequentially connected. The low discharge of pollutants in the flue gas of the glass kiln is realized, so that high requirement of people on the environment quality is met.