The invention discloses a setting method for the control loop gain of a servo system. The setting method is characterized in that the servo system automatically sets gain parameters of servo control loops during reciprocating motion, specifically the gain parameters of a position loop control loop and a speed loop control loop. The method comprises the following steps: before starting of the setting, firstly determining a simplified load model parameter, namely, determining a rotational inertia J of a load; secondly, performing tail-end low-frequency jitter detection and suppression; thirdly, setting the gain parameters of the speed loop control loop; finally, setting the gain parameters of the position loop control loop. By adopting the method, the servo system can automatically set the gain parameters of the servo control loops, including a position loop proportional gain Kp, a speed loop proportional gain Kv, a position loop integral time constant Ti and a torque filter time constant Tf, during the reciprocating motion; moreover, the low-frequency jitter suppression at the tail end of the load and vibration suppression of mechanical resonance are finished, the tuning process of the servo system is simplified effectively, and the automation degree and intelligence level are increased.