The invention discloses a whole process low-oxygen aeration SBMBBR (sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactor) synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization method and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The method achieves synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization by adding suspension filling into the traditional SBR (sequencing batch reactor) to form an SBMBBR, controlling an organic load, a nitrogen and phosphorus load and a DO (dissolved oxygen) value in the reactor, performing staged culture and acclimation on an inoculum, and performing synchronous nitrification-denitrification and denitrification-dephosphorization on enriched denitrification polyphosphate accumulating bacteria and aerobic polyphosphate accumulating bacteria and by other approaches. The method achieves the synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization for low C/N (carbon/nitrogen) ratio sewage in the same reactor under a whole process low-oxygen aeration condition, has the advantages of a simple technology, simple operational control, a high sludge load, small floor area, low energy consumption, no need of an additional carbon source, stable denitrification and dephosphorization effects and the like. The method has very practical significance in simplifying the traditional denitrification and dephosphorization sewage treatment technology, improving the denitrification and dephosphorization effects and reducing the floor area and energy consumption, and is a sewage treatment technology with good application prospects.