46results about How to "Solving intractable puzzles" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for separating a tetrahydrofuran-ethyl alcohol-water mixture by a mixed extraction agent and a device suitable for the method. According to the method, dimethyl sulfoxide and ethylene glycol are mixed into a mixed extraction agent in certain proportion, the tetrahydrofuran-ethyl alcohol-water mixture firstly enters a first extraction rectifying tower for separation, a tetrahydrofuran product is obtained at the tower top, tower bottom materials enter a second extraction rectifying tower for separation, an ethyl alcohol product is extracted from the tower top, a tower bottom extraction agent and water mixture enters an extraction agent recovery tower, water is extracted from the tower top, and the extraction agent is recycled after being extracted from the tower bottom. The method has the advantages that the energy consumption is low, the technology is simple, equipment investment is small, the product purity of the separated tetrahydrofuran and ethyl alcohol is high and the like, and the adopted ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide mixed extraction agent can break three binary azeotropes in the system simultaneously and is easy to recycle and good in chemical heat stability.

The invention provides a method and device for separating acetic acid sec-butyl ester and sec-butyl alcohol. The method comprises the steps that 1, a mixture of the acetic acid sec-butyl ester and the sec-butyl alcohol is put into an extraction rectifying tower, an extraction agent is added, after extraction rectifying separation is performed, the acetic acid sec-butyl ester is steamed out from the tower top and condensed, then part of the acetic acid sec-butyl ester is used for reflux, part of the acetic acid sec-butyl ester is extracted to obtain the acetic acid sec-butyl ester, and a mixture of the sec-butyl alcohol and the extraction agent falls into the tower bottom; 2, the mixture of the sec-butyl alcohol and the extraction agent is extracted out from the tower bottom and then put into a solvent concentration tower, the sec-butyl alcohol is steamed out from the tower top and then condensed, then part of the sec-butyl ester is put into the solvent concentration tower for reflux, part of the sec-butyl ester is extracted to obtain the sec-butyl ester, and the extraction agent falls into the tower bottom; 3, the extraction agent is extracted out from the tower bottom and then returns to the extraction rectifying tower for cyclic utilization. According to the method, the problem that in the prior art, the acetic acid sec-butyl ester and the sec-butyl alcohol are difficult to separate is solved, the purity of the separated acetic acid sec-butyl ester is above 99 percent, and the purity of the separated sec-butyl ester is above 99.9 percent; meanwhile, the energy consumption of the separation process is low, the procedures are simple, and operation is easy.

An expansion tank of an automobile comprises a tank body (17). The tank body (17) is provided with two air removing pipe ports (1), an injection port, a liquid-level sensor connector (5) and a water returning pipe port (6). The two air removing pipe ports (1) are formed in the bottom of the tank body (17) side by side. A reinforcing rib separation portion (9) is vertically arranged in a tank body cavity (8) and is close to the outer wall of the edges, except for the sides with the two air removing pipe ports (1), of the tank body (17). The tank body cavity (8) is divided into a pressure-releasing cavity (10) and a working cavity (18) through the reinforcing rib separation portion (9). An upper pressure-releasing hole (12) and a lower pressure-releasing hole (19) are respectively formed in the upper end of the reinforcing rib separation portion (9) and are vertically distributed. The pressure-releasing cavity (10) is communicated with the two air-removing pipe ports (1). The cooling liquid overflowing and water-returning phenomenon caused by overlarge internal pressure of the tank body (17) is avoided.

The invention relates to a mesoporous chromium-based fluorination catalyst and a preparation method of same. The fluorination catalyst includes chromium, aluminum and other metals according to the mass ratio of 40-80:20-30:0-20. A precursor of the fluorination catalyst is 6.0-8.0 nm in pore diameter and is 400-500 m<2>/g in specific surface area. The preparation method includes the steps of: dissolving chromium salt, aluminum salt, salts of other metals, and a surfactant in water; performing precipitation with ammonia water; moving the liquid to a crystallization tank, and performing crystallization to obtain a turbid liquid; filtering the turbid liquid, water-washing a solid, drying and roasting the solid, crushing and mixing the solid, and tabletting the solid to form a catalyst precursor; and fluorinating the precursor to obtain the fluorination catalyst. The mesoporous chromium-based fluorination catalyst has large specific surface area, excellent pore structure and high catalytic activity, and is suitable for application of gas-phase fluorination reaction; especially, the catalyst, when being applied to preparation of R134a, is good in control effect on byproducts.

The invention discloses a production method of fenugreek gum. The production method comprises the following steps of a, cleaning and winnowing seeds; b, adding inorganic salt in selected seeds according to a proportion of seed weight to inorganic salt volume of 1:(10-50), digesting, and filtering to eliminate a digestion solution; c, peeling and screening the filtered seeds to obtain seed kernels; d, drying and dehumidifying the seed kernels obtained in the step c, and controlling the water content to be 8-25 percent; e, separating endosperms of the seed kernels obtained in the step d from cotyledons of the seed kernels, and collecting the endosperms and the cotyledons; f, grinding the cotyledons obtained in the step e in ethyl alcohol to obtain ground fenugreek gum; and g, centrifuging, drying and grading the ground fenugreek gum obtained in the step f, and packaging a finished product. According to the production method, the process is simplified, and the quality of the fenugreek gum is improved.

The invention provides a preparation method of a hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool single substance, and belongs to the technical field of natural medicine extraction and separation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) conducting leaching with low alcohol to obtain a pepper extract total extract; (2) conducting extracting by adopting ethyl acetate, and enriching a hydroxysanshool mixture by column chromatography; (3) removing impurities by adopting a freezing crystallization method, and enriching hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool; and (4) separating and purifying the hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool.The preparation method of the hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool single substance is simple and convenient to operate and has low technical requirements on operators; the conditions in the preparation process are mild, so that the stability of the hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool is guaranteed, and the hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool is very safe; and meanwhile, the hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool single substance prepared by the preparation method is high in purity, the purity of the prepared hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool single substance can reach 99% or above, and the hydroxyl alpha-sanshool single substance can be used as a standard substance of the hydroxyl alpha-sanshool single substance. The preparation method is low in cost, suitable for large-scale industrial popularization and good in application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of natural medicine extraction and separation and local anesthesia medicine preparations, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly and simultaneously extracting hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool and hydroxyl-beta-sanshool and application of the hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool obtained through extraction in preparation of a nano-lipid carrier. The method comprises the following steps: (1) extracting with ethanol and n-hexane to obtain a crude sanshool product; and (2) respectively obtaining high-purity hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool and hydroxyl-beta-sanshool by adopting a column chromatography method and a freeze drying method. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, mild in condition, recyclable in polyamide and high in recovery rate, not only ensures the purity of the two sanshool, but also reduces the operation cost. Meanwhile, the invention discloses the hydroxyl-alpha-sanshool nanostructure lipid carrier and a preparation method thereof. The preparation is released through slow release and has a good analgesic effect.

The invention relates to a method for separating a benzene-n-propyl alcohol-water mixture through heat pump extractive distillation and a device suitable for the method. According to the method, glycerin is used as an extraction agent, water containing benzene and n-propanol enters an extractive distillation tower for extractive distillation separation, benzene with the purity of 99.9% is extracted from the upper portion of the extractive distillation tower, materials on the lower portion of the extractive distillation tower enter another extractive distillation tower for separation, high-purity n-propanol is obtained at the top of the extractive distillation tower, the extraction agent and water are extracted from the bottom of the extractive distillation tower and then separated through a common distillation tower, and the high-purity extraction agent is obtained and then recycled. The method has the advantages of low energy consumption, simple process, high purity of benzene and n-propanol and the like, the adopted extraction agent glycerol is almost non-volatile, the loss of the extraction agent is reduced, and the method is easy to recover, good in chemical thermal stability, green and pollution-free.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a mesoporous chromium-based gaseous fluorinated catalyst. The method comprises the steps of taking SBA-16 as a hard template, adding chromium-based metal salt solution dropwise, and performing roasting; adding other metal salt solutions dropwise, and performing drying, roasting, smashing and tabletting to obtain a catalyst precursor; fluoridizing the precursor and removing the SBA-16 template, and obtaining the mesoporous chromium-based gaseous fluorinated catalyst. The prepared mesoporous chromium-based gaseous fluorinated catalyst has a specific surface area of 300-350 m<2>/g and an average pore size of 10-13 nm. The mesoporous chromium-based gaseous fluorinated catalyst is high in catalytic activity and suitable for being applied to gaseous fluoridation, and particularly when the mesoporous chromium-based gaseous fluorinated catalyst is applied to R125 preparation, a by-product control effect is very good.

The invention relates to a method for extracting and separating n-heptane and dimethyl carbonate by using ionic liquid and a device suitable for the method. According to the method, imidazolium ionic liquid is used as an extracting agent, n-heptane and dimethyl carbonate firstly enter a liquid-liquid extraction tower to be extracted and separated, materials on the upper portion of the liquid-liquid extraction tower enter a flash evaporation tank to be separated, high-purity n-heptane is obtained at the top of the flash evaporation tank, materials on the lower portion of the liquid-liquid extraction tower enter another flash tank to be separated, the material flow at the top of the flash evaporation tank enters rectification tower for separating, high-purity n-heptane is obtained from the top of the rectification tower, high-purity dimethyl carbonate is obtained from the bottom of the rectification tower, and the extracting agent is recycled after being extracted from the bottoms of the two flash evaporation tanks. The method has the advantages of low energy consumption, simple process, high purity of n-heptane and dimethyl carbonate after separating and the like, the adopted extracting agent imidazole ionic liquid is almost non-volatile, the loss of the extracting agent is reduced, and the method is easy to recover, good in chemical thermal stability, green and pollution-free.

The invention relates to the technical field of hypervelocity impact loading tests, in particular to a sabot separation device. The electromagnetic sabot separation device for a light-gas gun comprises an annular casing, annular electromagnets, a sensing device, a controller and an electric storage device, wherein a projectile and the sabot are accelerated by the light-gas gun to enter an electromagnetic separation device connected with a gun muzzle, and when the projectile and the sabot pass through the sensing device located on the inner wall of the electromagnetic separation device, the sensing device triggers the controller to control the electric storage device to produce strong current to power on the annular electromagnets and the annular electromagnets produce strong attraction force on the sabot made of a ferromagnetic high-polymer material. The sabot with a split structure is separated towards the lateral direction under the action of uneven electromagnetic attraction force,and meanwhile, after the sabot flies over the positions of the electromagnets, the annular electromagnets produce backward electromagnetic force on the sabot to slow down the sabot, so that the sabotand the projectile are separated. The sabot is separated from the projectile stably and smoothly without impact.

The invention relates to a method for separating a mixture of n-hexane and acetone by liquid-liquid extraction-flash evaporation of ionic liquid and a device suitable for the method. According to themethod, imidazole ionic liquid is used as an extraction agent, n-hexane and acetone firstly enter a liquid-liquid extraction tower to be extracted and separated, materials at the upper part of the liquid-liquid extraction tower enter a flash tank to be separated, high-purity n-hexane is obtained at the top of the flash tank, and materials at the lower part of the liquid-liquid extraction tower enter another flash tank to be separated; high-purity acetone is obtained at the tops of the flash tanks, and the extracting agent is recycled after being extracted from the bottoms of the two flash tanks. The method has the advantages of low energy consumption, simple process, high purity of n-hexane and acetone after separation and the like, the adopted extracting agent imidazolium salt ionic liquid is hardly volatilized, the loss of the extracting agent is reduced, and the method is easy to recover, good in chemical thermal stability, green and pollution-free.

The invention relates to an energy-saving technology for separation of diethylamine-acetone wastewater by steam stripping-extractive distillation. The technology combines steam stripping and extractive distillation, firstly diethylamine and acetone in wastewater are separated by a stripping tower, the separated water can be discharged directly, the diethylamine and acetone mixture separated from the stripping tower enters an extractive distillation tower, ethylene glycol is used as the extractant, and extractive distillation is utilized for separation, diethylamine is recovered from the top of the extractive distillation tower, the extractant and acetone mixture enters an extractant recovery tower from the bottom of the extractive distillation tower, after effective separation, acetone is recovered from the top of the extractant recovery tower, and the extractant is recovered from the bottom of the extractant recovery tower for recycling. The technology utilizes an injection pump and a flash tank to recover a part of steam, and also utilizes the extractant circulating material flow to preheat the feed material flow, thus achieving the purpose of energy saving. According to the invention, the process is simple, the separated products have high purity, and the adopted extractant is easily recoverable and has good chemical thermal stability.

The invention relates to a method for extracting and separating alkaloid by utilizing an ionic liquid and inorganic salt mixed extracting agent. The method takes the ionic liquid and inorganic salt mixed extracting agent as an extracting agent, and ionic liquid has extremely low steam pressure, has a wide liquid-state range and high stability, and is easy to recycle; an ionic liquid structure can be designed according to different requirements, and novel ionic liquid with different functions is synthesized. In an extraction and separation process, the ionic liquid with different types is selected or synthesized according to different separation systems and can be efficiently separated. The ionic liquid and inorganic salt mixed extracting agent is used as the extracting agent so that the selectivity of the ionic liquid can be improved and the viscosity of the ionic liquid can be reduced, and the separation efficiency is easy to improve. According to the method provided by the invention, the ionic liquid and inorganic salt mixed extracting agent is used for extracting and separating the alkaloid, and an application range of the ionic liquid is expanded; a novel method for separating the alkaloid is improved, the content of the obtained alkaloid is high, and the ionic liquid has little dosage and can be circularly utilized.