The invention provides a method for constructing an HPLC characteristic chromatogram of a Chinese patent medicine 'Yishen Bugu liquid'. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of a solution of a tested object; (2) preparation of a solution of a reference substance: a proper amount of the naringin reference substance is taken and weighed precisely, methanol is added for preparing a solution, wherein every 1ml of the solution contains about 0.1mg of the substance; (3) determination: 5-15[mu]l of the solution of the reference substance and 5-15[mu]l of the solution of the tested object are separately and precisely absorbed, the solutions are injected into a high performance liquid chromatograph, chromatogram from the first minute to the twentieth minute is recorded, the chromatogram data is introduced into a <similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint applied in traditional Chinese medicine> 2004A edition for analysis, and the specific chromatogram of the 'Yishen Bugu liquid' is obtained. The method has the active effects that the established characteristic chromatogram has high technical content, unicity and one-sidedness of quality control of the 'Yishen Bugu liquid' preparation are avoided, high absorption conditions of near ultraviolet impurity peaks are avoided, and the possibility of artificial treatment of product quality for reaching the standard is reduced. The method has the advantages of multiple chromatograph peaks, good peak shape, easy identification, high similarity, good specificity, good stability, and reliable accuracy.