43 results about "Genus Carassius" patented technology

The invention discloses a breeding method for amphiprotic fertile autotetraploid crucian carps and an establishment method for strains of the crucian carps. The breeding method includes the following steps that allotetraploid crucian carps are selected from crucian carp hybridization F1 offspring with red crucian carps as female parents and megalobrama amblycephala as male parents, female individuals capable of generating ova of different sizes and male individuals capable of generating watery semen are selected from the allotetraploid crucian carps for hasten parturition, insemination is carried out manually through a dry method, running water incubation is conducted on fertilized ova, then the fertilized ova are bred, and the amphiprotic fertile autotetraploid crucian carps are selected from selfing offspring. Selfing is carried out on the male individuals and the female individuals in the obtained autotetraploid crucian carps, and the strains of the amphiprotic fertile autotetraploid crucian carps can be established and obtained through multi-offspring breeding. Ploid hybridization is conducted on the autotetraploid crucian carp colonies obtained through the breeding method and diploid crucian carps, so allotriploid fishes can be bred on a large scale. The strains of the crucian carps obtained through the breeding method are excellent in character, stable in heredity and high in fertilization rate and hatchability, and the breeding method has a great significance in genetic research of fishes.

A method for distant hybridization between subfamilies of cyprinus carpio and megalobrama amblycephala includes the following steps that firstly, female cyprinus carpio and male megalobrama amblycephala which have obvious sexual maturity characteristics and good somatic features are selected as parent fishes for special pool breeding, then, artificial spawning induction is conducted on the parent finishes in a breeding season, the parent fishes with a good spawning induction effect are selected to be subjected to artificial dry-method fertilization, running water incubation is conducted on fertilized embryos in a pure water incubation device, fish fry are raised after being incubated, the raised fish fry are detected and screened, hybrid offspring of the cyprinus carpio and the megalobrama amblycephala are obtained through flow cytometry DNA content determination and renal tissue chromosome ploidy detection, and the hybrid offspring comprise diploid natural gynogenesis cyprinus carpio, diploid natural gynogenesis mirror carps, diploid fish like the cyprinus carpio and tetraploid hybrid fish. The method has the advantages that the rate of fertilization is high, the incubating rate is high, the offspring are excellent in character, and the method has great significance in genetic breeding.

At present, the total artificial breeding technology is generally used for breeding Carassius aurutus gibelio in our country, which has the main following defects due to adopting an artificial insemination method: influenced parent survival rate, low fertility rate, hatchability and increased offspring seed cost. In the semi-artificial breeding technology for Carassius aurutus gibelio in the invention, the artificial insemination in the complete artificial breeding process is changed into natural insemination, namely, a natural breeding environment for the Carassius aurutus gibelio is simulated in a pond so as to enable the male and female parents to perform copulation and breeding. The invention has the following advantages: the pond is utilized to create the natural breeding environment for the Carassius aurutus gibelio so as to improve the fertility rate which can reach above 95% generally; and natural copulation between the female and male parents is finished in the pond, thus avoiding parents from being injured, improving the parent survival rate, saving a great amount of manpower and material resources and effectively enhancing the breeding efficiency. Therefore, the semi-artificial breeding technology for the Carassius aurutus gibelio in the invention can solve the problem of breeding the Carassius aurutus gibelio in a scale.

The invention provides a hybrid carp and pengze crucian carp hybrid breeding method and belongs to the technical field of freshwater fish hybrid breeding. The hybrid carp and pengze crucian carp hybrid breeding method aims at solving the problem that no proper hybrid method exists in the prior art to prevent carp diseases in the northern area. The method includes the steps that a first filial generation is obtained by regarding a German mirror carp as a female parent and a jian carp as a male parent for hybridization, an irregular male carp with the high growth speed and a few large body surface scales serves as a male parent, a batch of plump female pengze crucian carps with more than 31 lateral line scales and high growth speed are optimized out through two-generation breeding to serve as a female parent, parent mature promotion and artificial propagation are carried out on the basis of optimizing and directive breeding of hybrid parents, hybrid carps coincident with the pengze crucian carp female parent in appearance can be obtained after distant hybridization is carried out, hybrid generation has no carp characters, and the hybrid carp and pengze crucian carp hybrid breeding method has the advantages of being high in growth speed and disease resistance, and is of great significance in improving unit yield, increasing breeding benefits, breeding new species and achieving large-scale fry rearing.

The present invention discloses a nutrition enhanced feed for parent carassius auratus in a reproduction period. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 125-130 parts of expanded corn meal, 70-75 parts of peanut meal, 65-70 parts of bone meal, 15-17 parts of chicken feathers, 1.1-1.3 parts of edible salt, 40-42 parts of wheat germs, 55-57 parts of oyster meat, 20-22 parts of oyster shells, 0.04-0.06 part of astaxanthin, 0.13-0.15 part of zeaxanthin, 3-5 parts of palm oil, 1.1-1.3 parts of spinach extracts, 0.6-0.8 part of mulberry leaf extracts, 1.2-1.4 parts of cactus extracts, 0.23-0.25 part of compound vitamin, 2.2-2.4 parts of garlic essential oil and 0.14-0.16 part of sodium lactate. The feed is scientific and reasonable in formula, and comprehensive and rich in nutrition, and various nutritional components cooperate with each other, so that the feed effectively enhances the reproductive performance of the parent carassius auratus, is good in palatability and easy to digest, greatly improves the feeding amount and absorbing and transforming effects of the carassius auratus, and effectively improves the meat quality.

The invention provides a cultivation method for carassius auratus gynogenesis fries. The method comprises the steps of selecting sexually mature diploid carassius auratus parents and collecting sperm and ovums; performing ultraviolet irradiation on Hanks liquid-diluted sperms to inactivate genetic materials thereof; performing artificial insemination on the inactivated sperms and the ovums; restraining the discharge of second polar bodies of meiosis by using a cold shock method to double genomes of the ovums and thus to cultivate viable carassius auratus gynogenesis diploid fries. Microsatellite marker identification proves that the genetic materials of all the gynogenesis fries are from the female parent; morphological measurement indicates part of the gynogenesis fries has obvious early growth dominance. The method has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, stability and high practicality.

The invention discloses a breeding method for a crucian carp in a paddy field. The breeding method comprises the following steps: selecting a local wild crucian carp and a domestic crucian carp, hybridizing the selected local wild crucian carp and the domestic crucian carp, putting a hybridized first-generation crucian carp into the paddy field, and breeding the first-generation crucian carp; reasonably controlling water quantity, water temperature and oxygen during breeding, putting a fry into an early paddy field, feeding the fry for two days after one week, and performing circulation until paddy is flowering, so that the fry can eat pollen dropping into water of the paddy; when in-season paddy needs draining, moving the fry into a middle-season paddy field and a later-season paddy field in order, feeding the fry for two days after one week until the paddy is flowering, and feeding is not needed after the fry eats the pollen. The kind of the crucian carp bred by the breeding method, disclosed by the invention, in the paddy field specifically eats flowers of standing grains, so that the survival rate for the breeding and the yield are high, the meat quality is good, and the economic benefit is significant.

The invention provides a feed for young crucian, which is characterized in that the components in weight percent are as follows: 20-40 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of starch, 20-30 parts of bean pulp, 5-15 parts of cottonseed dreg, and 3-6 parts of additive. The inventive feed for young crucian is scientific in proportioning and balanced in nutrition, not only can satisfy nourishment requirement for growth and development of young crucian, but also can improve organism immunity of young crucian, reduce disease occurrence, and enhance survival rate.

The invention discloses a carassius auratus feed, and raw materials of the feed comprise in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of high gluten flour, 20-40 parts of corn starch; 5-15 parts of linseed meal, 5-10 parts of acetes, 12-18 parts of gulfweed, 2-8 parts of puffed sweet potato powder, 15-24 parts of soybean meal, 2-12 parts of rapeseed meal, 5-10 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of fish oil, 1-2 parts of corn oil, 0.5-1.5 parts of betaine, 0.2-0.6 part of EM microbial solution, 1-2 parts of soybean phospholipid, and 1-4 parts of premix. The raw materials of the premix comprise, in parts by weight, 5-15 parts of corn starch, 0.5-1.5 parts of gelatin multivitamin E, 1-2 parts of vitamins, 1-2 parts of mineral salt, 0.5-1 part of clam extract, 1-2 parts of bentonite, and 1-2 parts of grape seed oil.

The present invention relates to gynogenesis technology of fishes. It makes the triangular bream sperm inactivated by UV ray be combined with ovum of Japanese white crusian carp, the activated ovum is undergone the process of cold shock treatment, and the gynogenetic Japanese white crusian carp can be hatched. Said gynogenetic Japanese white crusian carp not only is quick in growth speed, but also its genetic purity and adverse resistance are raised, and its flesh quality also is improved.

The invention relates to a mixed feed for parent salamander breeding. The mixed feed includes the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of fish meat, 5 parts of A starch, 9 to 17 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3 to 6 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 3 to 5 parts of radices sileris, 5 to 9 parts of semen cuscutae, 4 to 6 parts of herba epimedii, 4 to 8 parts of prepared rehmannia roots, 0.3 to 0.6 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 2 to 4 parts of algae powder, 1 to 2 parts of unsaturated fatty acid, 1 to 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.3 to 0.6 part of L-lysine monohydrochloride, 0.05 to 0.1 part of zinc citrate, 0.05 to 0.1 part of organic iron, 0.1 part of vitamins, and 0.2 part of trace elements; the fish meat is the meat of one or more kinds of the following fishes: black carps, grass carps, chubs, bighead carps, crucians and wild fishes; the vitamins include VA, VB1, VB2, VB6, VB12, VC, VD and VE; the trace elements include 1 to 3 kinds of the following elements: zinc, iron and calcium. The mixed feed for parent salamander breeding can meet the nutritional requirements of parent salamanders, improve the immunity of the parent salamanders as well as the gonad maturity of the parent salamanders in breeding seasons, and strengthen the sperm motility of male salamanders.

The invention discloses a special high-protein feed for snakehead fishes. The feed comprises an extruded feed and frozen fish paste, wherein the extruded feed comprises the following raw materials by weight percent: 50%-55% of imported fish meal, 20%-25% of bean pulp, 2%-3% of yeast powder, 5%-7% of spiral seaweeds, 8%-10% of fish oil, 5%-8% of corn powder, 1%-2% of a vitamin premix and 1%-2% of a microelement premix; the frozen fish paste comprises the following raw materials by weight percent: 30%-40% of pseudorasbora parva, 25%-35% of abbottina rivularis, 20%-30% of carp fries and the balance of other wild trash fishes. According to the mode, the feed is balanced in nutrition and high in protein content; the snakehead fishes are completely fed with the feed, so that the water body pollution can be alleviated, the growth of the snakehead fishes can be promoted, the meat quality of the snakehead fishes can be improved, and especially the immunity of the snakehead fishes is improved, the yield-per-mu of the snakehead fishes is increased, and the economic benefit of snakehead fish farming is remarkably increased.

The invention relates to the field of feed, in particular to feed for crucian carp in a breeding season. The feed comprises components in parts by weight as follows: 15-25 parts of fish meal, 20-30 parts of cottonseed cakes, 20-30 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-15 parts of corn flour, 20-30 parts of bran, 10-15 parts of wheat middling and red dog, 10-15 parts of kelp meal, 0.1-0.5 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.1-0.5 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.1-1.0 part of multivitamins, 1-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine additives and 1-2 parts of mineral salts. The traditional Chinese medicine additives include the following components: herba houttuyniae, garlic, herba violae, honeysuckle, solidago, radix scutellariae, cortex acanthopanacis, medicated leaven, malt, andrographis paniculata, radix codonopsis, morinda officinalis, radix paeoniae alba, bentonite and actinolite. The feed for the crucian carp in the breeding season has the beneficial effects that the death rate of the female crucian carp fed on the feed is very low, the spawning rate of the crucian carp fed on the feed is 15.25% higher than that of crucian carp fed on normal feed, and thus the feed can greatly improve both the spawning amount of the crucian carp and health conditions of the female crucian carp in the breeding season, and is suitable for being used for feeding of the crucian carp in the breeding season.

The invention relates to the field of mariculture, in particular to a crucian mariculture method. The method includes the specific steps of base selection, fry breeding, fry putting, water quality treatment, crucian breeding, and disease prevention and treatment. Base selection includes region selection and base environment selection. Water quality treatment includes seawater treatment and pond water management. By means of the method, acid-alkali balance of seawater is kept, and the method can adapt to growth of crucian. According to the crucian mariculture method, crucian can be bred in seawater which is simply treated, the bred crucian is delicious in taste and is tender like fresh fishes and delicious as seafood, the problem of breeding crucian in fresh water-scarcity regions is solved, and the taste of crucian is more delicious.

The invention discloses an on-line enzyme treatment method for improving the utilization ratio of a carassius aurutus gibelio feed. The method comprises the following steps of: a, adding an enzyme preparation into a liquid storage tank of a liquid adding system during feed production according to an adding amount and uniformly mixing; b, uniformly spraying the liquid in which the enzyme preparation is mixed into a material in the secondary mixing process of feed processing, and prolonging mixing time by 20 to 30 seconds to guarantee uniform mixing; and c, fermenting the secondarily mixed material in a granulation cabin at the temperature of between 30 and 40 DEG C for 30 to 50 minutes, and entering a normal granulation process. By the method, the damage of super-fine pulverization and high-temperature granulation to enzymatic activity can be avoided, the enzyme preparation can preferably exert effects, the utilization ratio of protein, carbohydrate and mineral elements in the carassius aurutus gibelio feed can be obviously improved, and the enzyme preparation has a stable raw material source and a simple production process.

The invention relates to a feed additive for crucian carp. The feed additive is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of lysine, 8-12 parts of calcium phosphate, 5-8 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-10 parts of taurine, 3-8 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 2-5 parts of vitamin C, 2-5 parts of vitamin E, 1-3 parts of vitamin B2, 2-5 parts of calcium pantothenate, 2-5 parts of folic acid, 3-8 parts of humic acid, 3-8 parts of phospholipid, 5-10 parts of glycine betaine, 3-8 parts of citric acid, 1-3 parts of organic zinc and 1-3 parts of organic selenium. The feed additive is capable of well improving the nutrient balance of fish and promoting the growth and development of the fish and is beneficial to the enhancement of the immunity of the fish.

The invention provides a method for identifying carassius auratus ploidy by using a microsatellite marker and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps that (1) a microsatellite sequence is developed, and a primer is designed and screened; (2) a carassius auratu tail fin ray is collected, and genome DNA is extracted; (3) the fin ray genome DNA is taken as a template to performPCR amplification; (4) capillary electrophoresis detection is performed on a PCR amplified product obtained in step (3) by using an ABI3730 sequenator; (5) a peak value graph of the ABI3730 sequenatoris analyzed. Compared with the prior art, the method for identifying the carassius auratus ploidy by using the microsatellite marker and the application thereof have the advantages that (1) the microsatellite marker has the advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity and good amplification efficiency; (2) compared with a conventional karyotype and streaming cell method, the method has the advantages that the operability is strong, the cost is reduced, and the time is shortened; and (3) the method can accurately and quickly identify the carassius auratus ploidy on the premise of not damaging a carassius auratu body.

The present application discloses a crucian carp bait, which comprises 30-80 parts of corn flour, 20-85 parts of salix leaves, 15-50 parts of scallions, 10-60 parts of cloves, 10-45 parts of cinnamon bark, and old cucumber seeds in parts by weight. 15‑55 parts of flour, 5‑50 parts of fish bone meal, 35‑70 parts of wheat bran, 15‑60 parts of soybean cake, 5‑50 parts of corn flour, 10‑45 parts of methionine, and 5‑60 parts of fish meal. Therefore, the effect is stable, the fish can be easily hooked, the fishing efficiency is improved, and it can adapt to different water areas.