50 results about "Geological materials" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for analyzing mineral trace elements by utilizing a micro-Raman spectrum, which comprises the following steps of: fixing a mineral sample on a rotary sample table of a micro-Raman spectrometer, selecting an area to be detected by combining a micro-imaging technology, collecting a Raman background signal under the pre-illumination of low-power laser, and analyzing the trace elements in the area to be detected according to the Raman background signal. The laser focal length, the spot size and the incident angle are adjusted accordingly, the laser is focused on a target area, under the calibrated laser condition, through a multi-angle excitation micro-area, after an algorithm is applied to optimize signals, reduce impurity interference and integrate multi-angle Raman signals, the characteristic spectrum information of the microelements can be extracted, and the microelements can be accurately detected. High-resolution analysis of sample components is realized, and a three-dimensional distribution model of microelements in a microcell is constructed in combination with microscopic imaging data. The method has the characteristics of non-destructiveness, high resolution and rapid detection, and is suitable for mineral component analysis in the fields of geology, material science and the like.

The invention discloses an ultra-deep underground pipeline detection method and device, a storage medium and a program product, and the method comprises the steps: transmitting a multi-frequency electromagnetic wave signal, receiving an acoustic response generated by the multi-frequency electromagnetic wave signal, and determining an underground geological structure in combination with a preset geological material frequency spectrum database. A composite detection signal is generated by simulating an underground propagation path of a multi-frequency electromagnetic wave signal and performing phase adjustment and power adjustment. And finally determining position information and depth information of the pipeline in the generated underground structure image by transmitting a composite detection signal and processing a return signal by using a time reversal mirror technology. According to the method, multi-frequency electromagnetic wave signals, acoustic response analysis, geological material characteristics and signal processing technologies are comprehensively utilized, and the precision and reliability of ultra-deep underground pipeline detection can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a method, a device and equipment for determining fracturing parameters. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring historical geological physical property data, historical engineering data and historical production data of a historical reservoir; constructing a crack propagation model, and determining crack form data and geological change information of the historical reservoir based on the crack propagation model, the historical geological physical property data and the historical engineering data; taking historical geological physical property data, historical engineering data, historical production data, geological change information and fracture form data of the historical reservoir as training data, and training to obtain an oil and gas productivity calculation model; and constructing a multi-target optimization model based on the oil and gas productivity calculation model, a preset cost calculation model and the target geological physical property parameters of the target reservoir, and performing optimization solution on the multi-target optimization model to obtain fracturing construction parameters of the target reservoir. By means of the method, more accurate and reliable fracturing construction parameters can be obtained, and fine design of fracturing well completion parameters is achieved.

The invention provides a slope monitoring system based on a physical model, and relates to the technical field of slope physical test analysis, and the IPC classification number belongs to G01N. According to the slope monitoring system based on the physical model, the monitoring and evaluation capability of a risk area is remarkably improved by measuring soil types, geological material characteristics and plant root system state data included in ground materials; the system combines historical landslide fault data and risk area division, can dynamically generate a warning threshold value, and ensures real-time prediction of slope instability. In addition, aiming at comprehensive analysis of the plant root system state, the system can quantify the influence of the root system on the slope stability by generating a root system evaluation index; the threshold calibration unit provides a dynamic warning threshold adjustment strategy to ensure that the stable state of the slope is reflected in real time; meanwhile, the system can achieve more accurate risk assessment by generating an unstable landslide evaluation index, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of slope monitoring.

The invention discloses a variable resonant frequency hydraulic vibration control system and method based on a DSP, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic vibration control, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: analyzing the obtained geological dynamic information of each region, evaluating the adaptation degree of the geological material of each region and the vibration frequency of the current vibration equipment, and determining the vibration frequency of the current vibration equipment; dividing each region into a high-adaptation region, a middle-adaptation region and a low-adaptation region according to an evaluation result; constructing an adjustment mechanism for dynamically adjusting the vibration frequencies of different areas; in the application process of the adjustment mechanism, vibration feedback information of all the areas is obtained in real time, analysis is carried out after obtaining, whether the adjustment effect of the adjustment mechanism in all the areas meets the expectation or not is evaluated, and the adjustment mechanism is adjusted according to the evaluation result. The problem that vibration frequency adjustment lags behind under the complex geological condition is solved, and the technical effect that the vibration frequency is adjusted in real time to ensure the tamping uniformity of the foundation is achieved.

The geological prospecting drilling sampling device based on the high-pressure water jet comprises a frame, a box body is arranged on the frame, wheels are arranged at the bottom of the frame, a hand pushing frame is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the rear side of the frame, a box door is arranged on the left side of the box body, and a solar cell panel is arranged on the top of the box body. A jet cutting high-pressure water pump, a switching high-pressure water pump, a handheld sampler, a water tank, a storage battery and a solar charging and discharging controller are arranged in the box body. The device is scientific in principle and easy to operate, the trolley is adopted as a bearing body of the water tank, the storage battery, the jet cutting high-pressure water pump and the switching high-pressure water pump, an energy source is provided for the handheld sampler, the handheld sampler can conduct long-distance sampling operation, core drilling sampling is mainly conducted on hard geological materials, the application range is wide, and the sampling efficiency is high. And a complete cylindrical sample is provided for geological exploration operation.

The present invention addresses to an automated gas injection system in vials with rubber septa, for simultaneous injection of gas in 24 or more positions, with injection pressure control and / or overpressure detection, applied to mass spectrometry analyses and / or gas chromatography. The present invention can be used, for example, in isotopic analyses of geological materials in equipment with carbonate extraction units, in the cleaning and decontamination of tubes to be used in isotopic or chromatographic analyses, and in the removal of contaminants from steam drag or by continuous flow, or coming from the free space of vials or tubes in the analyses of organic and inorganic materials.The application of this invention allows reducing the current times of routine purge (flush) of at very least 3 minutes for every 2 positions (72 positions in total and final time of 108 minutes, in a batch of samples) to a total of 96 positions in 3 minutes, with a reduction of 12 times or more in the flush time, which implies greater analytical capacity to the laboratory, lower external costs of sending samples, less time to obtain results, with technology that is easy to implement in universities and research centers in general, in addition to increasing the lifespan of rubber septa.

The present application relates to the technical field of electric digital data processing, in particular to a numerical method and system for analyzing stress field of tunnel frozen soil curtain based on finite element, which obtains a three-dimensional model of a tunnel construction site and geological material characteristic data; performs grid division on the three-dimensional model to obtain a finite element grid model of the three-dimensional model; performs stress simulation on the finite element grid model based on the geological material characteristic data to obtain an initial stress field of the finite element grid model before freezing; analyzes the trend of change of soil density in the freezing process based on the stress distribution of each unit grid in the initial stress field in the finite element grid model to determine a frost heaving stress field of the finite element grid model; and superimposes the initial stress field and the frost heaving stress field to determine a comprehensive stress field of the finite element grid model. The present application effectively improves the accuracy of analyzing stress field of tunnel frozen soil curtain.

A beneficiation arrangement for beneficiating a geological material is disclosed comprising a beneficiation path along which the geological material is displaced. It includes a sensor station on the beneficiation path comprising a plurality of sensors 5 for determining a property of the geological material and providing sensing information. The sensor station comprises a first sensor for determining a property of the geological material, and a second sensor for determining the property of the geological material more accurately than the first sensor. The second sensor is activated in dependence upon sensing information retrieved by the first sensor, 10 when the first sensor is unable to sense the property of the geological material with a threshold accuracy. The geological material is then sorted based on the sensing information of the activated second sensor. A method of beneficiating a geological material is also disclosed. 15 Fig. 1 5 10 material is also disclosed. 20 26 20 49 79 25 J un 2 02 6 2 0 2 6 2 0 4 9 7 9 2 5 J u n 2 0 2 6 1 / 1 100 Control unit Feeding conveyor 10 200 20 Primary crusher 30 Screen FG 41, 42, 43 40 Entrance area 53 F3 CS CS F1 51 F2 CS First sensor station First sensor station First sensor station 52 63 62 61 CS CS CS First sorting station First sorting station First sorting station 73 72 71 CS CS CS second sensor and second sensor and second sensor and sorting station sorting station sorting station CS CS CS CS CS CS Gangue dump 80 90 Comminution Fig. 1 20 26 20 49 79 25 J un 2 02 6 1 0 0 2 0 2 6 2 0 4 9 7 9 2 5 J u n 2 0 2 6 2 0 3 0 4 0 E n t r a n c e a r e a F 3 C S C S 5 1 F 2 C S 5 2 6 3 6 2 6 1 C S C S C S 7 3 7 2 7 1 C S C S C S s e c o n d s e n s o r a n d s e c o n d s e n s o r a n d s e c o n d s e n s o r a n d C S C S C S C S C S C S G a n g u e d u m p 8 0 9 0 C o m m i n u t i o n

The present invention discloses a method for preparing homogeneous frozen gravel and a dynamic testing method under low environmental temperature, and relates to the technical field of preparation, processing and detection of rock-like materials in rock engineering. The method comprises: S1, sample preparation step: preparing a homogeneous frozen gravel sample; S2, sample placement step: clamping the sample between an incident rod and a transmission rod; S3, incident wave application step: applying an incident wave to the incident rod and recording experimental data. The present invention solves the defects of the existing system by optimizing the system equipment and process flow, realizes process optimization, and further realizes qualitative and quantitative analysis of the physical and mechanical properties related to real engineering geological materials in high-cold mountainous areas.

The utility model relates to the technical field of mine exploration equipment, in particular to mine geological exploration equipment which comprises an exploration equipment body, the exploration equipment body comprises a box body, and an arc-shaped groove which is concave inwards is formed in the lower portion of the front face of the box body. The upper portion of the rear face of the box body is in a slope shape, the upper portion in the box body is a crushing bin, the lower portion in the box body is a collecting bin, and connecting square boxes with the upper top ends in an opening shape are correspondingly installed on the two sides of the front face of the collecting bin. Vertical plates are correspondingly arranged on the two sides of the front face of the connecting square box, and a shovel plate mechanism is installed between the upper portions of the inner walls of the two vertical plates. A gear transmission mechanism is mounted on one side surface of the shovel plate mechanism; the mining geological material guiding device has the advantages that the shovel plate mechanism is driven by the motor to work, a geological sample material is overturned and poured into the box body, is subjected to further multi-stage crushing by the crushing mechanism and then is guided into the collecting bin at the lower part in the box body, so that the mining geological material is rapidly guided into the sampling barrel, and the mining geological material guiding device is high in speed, convenient and rapid in sampling, high in efficiency and the like.

A method for sealing a wellbore is provided. The method includes positioning a tool including a radiation emitting device in a wellbore at a desired depth, emitting electromagnetic radiation at one or more frequencies, emitting the electromagnetic radiation includes emitting the electromagnetic radiation in a radial direction towards geological material disposed in the wellbore, melting the geological material with the electromagnetic radiation, and sealing at least a portion of the wellbore with the melted geological material.

Methods for identifying, evaluating, and high-grading rocks associated with past or future potential generation of hydrogen from geologic materials are provided. For example, a method for evaluating a hydrogen system within a geological source rock includes obtaining a geological sample of the geological source rock; extracting ‘mobile’ gases of the geological sample under a pressure gradient; evaluating the ‘mobile’ gases extracted from the geological sample; and quantifying a volume of hydrogen previously generated based on the ‘mobile’ gases.

The invention relates to the field of foundation pit construction, in particular to a coral reef limestone geological foundation pit and a construction method thereof. The construction method comprises the following steps that the depth of a foundation pit to be excavated and geological data of an excavation site of the foundation pit are obtained; the geological data comprises rock and soil mass mechanical parameters such as stratigraphic structure and cohesive force, wet weight, internal friction angle and the like and hydrogeological data; and an open excavation and forced drainage scheme is designed according to the depth of the foundation pit to be excavated and geological data. During scheme design, the underground water level line changing along with the boundary of the foundation pit and the evenly-distributed loads arranged on the edge of the foundation pit are introduced for stability analysis, an open excavation and forced drainage scheme that the stability of the foundation pit and the surrounding settlement of the foundation pit reach the standard is obtained, the dewatering and drainage requirements of the foundation pit are met, and meanwhile a waterproof curtain and an inner supporting structure do not need to be arranged; and in the open excavation and forced drainage scheme, the foundation pit slope is built by means of geological materials on the construction site, the environmental pollution risk of pouring of the waterproof curtain is eliminated, the cost and the construction period are prevented from being increased, the environment can be protected, and the construction period can be guaranteed.

A hard geological sampling device for geological exploration operation comprises a vehicle frame, a box body arranged on the vehicle frame, wheels arranged at the bottom of the vehicle frame, a hand push frame fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the rear side of the vehicle frame, a box door arranged on the left side of the box body and a solar cell panel arranged on the top of the box body. A jet cutting high-pressure water pump, a switching high-pressure water pump, a handheld sampler, a water tank, a storage battery and a solar charging and discharging controller are arranged in the box body. The hand-held sampler is scientific in principle and easy to operate, adopts the trolley as a bearing body of the water tank, the storage battery, the jet cutting high-pressure water pump and the switching high-pressure water pump, provides an energy source for the hand-held sampler, can perform long-distance sampling operation, is mainly used for core drilling sampling of hard geological materials, and is wide in application range and high in practicability. And a complete cylindrical sample is provided for geological exploration operation.

The utility model discloses a high-torque cave-making drill rod, which relates to the field of industrial construction equipment and comprises a drill rod main body, a hole is arranged in the drill rod main body, a plurality of thread grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the hole, an internal rotation drill rod matched with the thread grooves is arranged in the hole, and a sampling device is arranged at the bottom of the internal rotation drill rod. The sampling device comprises a drilling bit, the drilling bit is connected with an internal rotation drilling rod, and a pair of guiding and collecting plates are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the drilling bit. According to the utility model, the thread design is innovated and improved through the thread mechanics principle, so that the drilling force of the internal rotation drill rod is obviously enhanced, rock breaking and caving can be easily carried out in complex stratums such as hard rocks, the drilling efficiency and quality are effectively improved, and various complex mining operation requirements are met; and meanwhile, redundant geological materials during hole drilling are collected through the arranged sampling device, so that the materials are conveniently analyzed, and subsequent hole drilling operation is facilitated.

The present invention provides a slope monitoring system based on a physical model, which relates to the technical field of slope physical testing and analysis, and its IPC classification number belongs to G01N. The present invention significantly improves the monitoring and assessment capabilities of risk areas by measuring the soil type, geological material characteristics, and plant root status data of ground materials; the system combines historical landslide fault data with risk area division to dynamically generate warning thresholds to ensure real-time prediction of slope instability; in addition, based on a comprehensive analysis of the state of plant roots, the system can quantify the impact of roots on slope stability by generating a root evaluation index; the threshold calibration unit provides a dynamic warning threshold adjustment strategy to ensure real-time reflection of the stability state of the slope; at the same time, by generating an unstable landslide evaluation index, the system can achieve more accurate risk assessment, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of slope monitoring.

The present invention relates to the treatment of leachate from a controlled landfill using a geochemical approach. The process involves the preparation of a dolomite-based material and its application as a new geological material for treating leachate. Effluent purification, heavy metal removal, and reduction of the organic load are the cornerstones of this approach.

A method for sealing a wellbore is provided. The method includes positioning a tool including a radiation emitting device in a wellbore at a desired depth, emitting electromagnetic radiation at one or more frequencies, emitting the electromagnetic radiation includes emitting the electromagnetic radiation in a radial direction towards geological material disposed in the wellbore, melting the geological material with the electromagnetic radiation, and sealing at least a portion of the wellbore with the melted geological material.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of geological detection, and discloses a geological drilling detection device for engineering technology investigation, which comprises a base, four groups of hydraulic cylinders are fixedly mounted at the top of the base, a top plate is fixedly mounted at the tops of the four groups of hydraulic cylinders, and a round hole is formed in the top of the base and penetrates through the base. And a connecting plate is fixedly installed among the four sets of hydraulic cylinders, a sleeve rod is movably installed at the bottom of the connecting plate, a drill bit is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sleeve rod, and a water outlet hole is formed in the surface of the sleeve rod. The device is favorable for keeping the hardness and sharpness of the drill bit, so that the drilling efficiency is improved, watering can play a role in lubrication, reduce the frictional resistance between the drill bit and geological materials, enable the drilling process to be smoother, prevent the drill bit from being damaged due to high temperature, prolong the service life of the drill bit and play a role in cleaning, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged. Impurities such as drilling cuttings are prevented from adhering to the drill bit to affect normal work and machining precision of the drill bit.

The invention discloses a multifunctional core drilling and sampling device and method for geophysical exploration, and the device comprises a vehicle frame, a box body is arranged on the vehicle frame, wheels are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle frame, a hand-push frame is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the rear side of the vehicle frame, a box door is arranged at the left side of the box body, and a solar cell panel is arranged at the top of the box body. A soft geological material sampler, a hard geological material sampler, a water tank, a jet cutting high-pressure water pump, a switching high-pressure water pump, a storage battery and a solar charging and discharging controller are arranged in the box body. The device is scientific in principle and easy to operate, the trolley is adopted as a bearing body of the water tank, the storage battery, the jet cutting high-pressure water pump and the switching high-pressure water pump, an energy source is provided for the soft geological material sampler and the hard geological material sampler, and the soft geological material sampler and the hard geological material sampler are both operated in a handheld mode. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, can perform long-distance sampling operation, performs corresponding core drilling sampling according to different geologies, is wide in application range, and provides a complete cylindrical sample for geophysical exploration operation.

The invention discloses flexible plate printing sleeve equipment and a using method thereof.The flexible plate printing sleeve equipment comprises a driving device, a first drilling pipe is installed at the bottom of the driving device, a second drilling pipe is arranged at the other end of the first drilling pipe, a pulling block is connected into the second drilling pipe in a sleeved mode, the surface of the pulling block is attached to the inner wall of the second drilling pipe, and a fixing base is welded to the bottom of the second drilling pipe; the other end of the fixed seat is fixedly connected with a pull rod. According to the flexible plate printing sleeve equipment and the using method thereof, the first drilling pipe is installed at the bottom of the driving device, the second drilling pipe is arranged at the other end of the first drilling pipe, meanwhile, the pulling block is connected with the interior of the second drilling pipe in a sleeved mode, the pulling block in the second drilling pipe can be driven to move, and the surface of the pulling block is attached to the inner wall of the second drilling pipe; and at the moment, when the pull block moves, the geological materials in the second drilling pipe can be pushed until the geological materials are pushed out of the second drilling pipe, and therefore material taking is more convenient.

The invention discloses a rapid plugging simulation test device and method for foundation pit water gushing, and the device comprises a box body and an injector, the left end of the bottom of the box body is provided with a water outlet, the inner wall of the box body is movably provided with a partition plate and a waterproof curtain for simulating a foundation pit, and the inner wall of the box body is movably provided with a cover plate located at the right side of the partition plate. According to one embodiment of the invention, by arranging the box body, the injector and the grouting simulation assembly, the water inrush situation under different geological conditions and water pressure differences can be simulated, and by filling the box body with different geological materials in a layered manner, the complex geological conditions in actual engineering can be simulated; a visual experiment platform is provided for studying the formation mechanism of the water inrush, the transparent design of the device enables researchers to visually observe the dynamic process of the water inrush, including the formation and development of a water inrush channel, visual experiment data is provided for theoretical research, the plugging effect is monitored in real time, and the water inrush test efficiency is improved. And a scientific basis is provided for research and verification of a foundation pit water gushing plugging technology.

The application provides a mineralized filter material, a preparation method thereof and a mineralized filter core. The mineralized filter material comprises modified calcite carbonate rock, modified crystalline limestone, modified phyllite and modified granodiorite porphyry. The mineralized filter material comprises modified geological materials with specific components, and when used in a mineralized filter core of a reverse osmosis water purifier, can precipitate various beneficial elements such as calcium, magnesium, lithium, strontium, zinc and boron, and improve the water quality of the reverse osmosis water purifier, and obtain drinking water based on Kunlun Mountain spring water.

The invention discloses sampling equipment for material detection, and relates to the technical field of mineral geological sampling, the sampling equipment comprises a mounting ring seat, the mounting ring seat is provided with a notch and a wedge-shaped chute, the bottom of the mounting ring seat is provided with a moving roller mechanism, and the mounting ring seat is provided with two symmetrically arranged feeding clamping plate mechanisms; a driving clamping mechanism is arranged on the mounting ring seat, a sliding arc plate mechanism is arranged on the wedge-shaped sliding groove, a plurality of mounting sampling assemblies are arranged on the sliding arc plate mechanism, each mounting sampling assembly comprises a positioning plate mechanism, a deflection positioning mechanism and a synchronous sampling mechanism, the positioning plate mechanism is arranged on the sliding arc plate mechanism, the deflection positioning mechanism is arranged on the sliding arc plate mechanism, and the synchronous sampling mechanism is arranged on the positioning plate mechanism. According to the device, the two feeding clamping plate mechanisms can be driven by arranging the driving clamping mechanism, so that objects with different sizes are connected and clamped, movement and displacement along the mounting ring seat can be realized through the sliding arc plate mechanism, and the sampling efficiency of mineral geologic materials is improved.

The utility model discloses an artificial floating island with a basin body fixing mechanism, and relates to the technical field of geological materials, the artificial floating island comprises a floating island body and arc-shaped grooves, the arc-shaped grooves are arranged on two sides of the floating island body, the inner side of each arc-shaped groove is provided with a dismounting structure, the surface of the floating island body is provided with a slot, and the basin body fixing mechanism is arranged in the slot. The artificial floating island comprises a floating island body, filter screens are arranged at the two ends of the floating island body, an embedded plate is arranged in the floating island body, an auxiliary structure is arranged on the surface of the embedded plate, a disassembly structure comprises a connector block, an insertion plate, a long-strip wedging part, an abutting block and a wedging groove, and the insertion plate is horizontally arranged on the inner side of an arc-shaped groove. The insertion plate is inserted into the long-strip fit on the inner side of the insertion plate, at the moment, the long-strip fit is clamped with the fit grooves, and the abutting blocks abut against the two sides of the insertion plate, so that installation steps are easy to operate, and damage to the hands of an operator is reduced through the circular structure of the interface block.

The present document related to the processing of mining materials, such as ores, rocks, minerals, and aggregate materials to separate valuable components. There is provided a process and system for extracting a valuable component from a mining feedstock comprising geological materials. The process can comprise subjecting the mining feedstock to a kinetic pulverization stage wherein the mining feedstock is subjected to self-collisions created by vortices within the kinetic pulverizer to produce a pulverized material; admixing the mining feedstock or the pulverized material with a chemical additive configured to selectively liberate the valuable component from the geological material; and subjecting the pulverized material to an extraction stage to produce a valuable component-rich stream and a valuable component-depleted stream. There is also provided processes for producing a homogenous mixture of a geological material derived from a mining feedstock and an additive, as well as processes for mechanochemically processing a raw material.

A system can determine, based on an accumulation of geological material in a wellbore, a pack off indicator indicating a likelihood of a downhole tool being immobile in the wellbore. The accumulation of geological material in the wellbore comprises cuttings resulting from an action of the downhole tool positioned in the wellbore and settled cavings resulting from instability in the wellbore. Determining the pack off indicator can include estimating the accumulation of geological material in the wellbore. Determining the pack off indicator additionally can include dividing the estimated accumulation by a volume of a wellbore annulus defined by a first set of wellbore piping and a second set of wellbore piping positioned in the wellbore. The system can automatically adjust a wellbore operation using the pack off indicator by controlling a flow of circulating fluid in response to the pack off indicator exceeding a predetermined threshold.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical digital data processing, in particular to a finite element-based tunnel frozen soil curtain stress field analysis numerical method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a three-dimensional model of a tunnel construction site and geological material characteristic data; performing grid division on the three-dimensional model to obtain a finite element grid model of the three-dimensional model; carrying out stress simulation on the finite element mesh model based on the geological material characteristic data, and obtaining an initial stress field of the finite element mesh model before freezing; based on the stress distribution condition of each unit grid in the finite element grid model in the initial stress field, analyzing the trend that the soil density changes in the freezing process, and determining a frost heaving stress field of the finite element grid model; and superposing the initial stress field and the frost heaving stress field to determine a comprehensive stress field of the finite element mesh model. According to the method, the accuracy of tunnel frozen soil curtain stress field analysis is effectively improved.