The invention relates to a preparation method of a galactosylated chitosan modified immune ethosome. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing lecithin, cholesterol and octadecylamine, then dissolving in ethanol, carrying out rotary evaporation to obtain a liposome membrane, then adding antigen protein solution, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to obtain an immune ethosome loaded with antigen protein; by utilizing a layer-by-layer self-assembly technology, dropwise adding the immune ethosome loaded with the antigen protein into hyaluronic acid (HA) solution, stirring to obtain mixed solution, then dropwise adding into galactosylated chitosan (GC) solution, and stirring, so that the galactosylated chitosan modified immune ethosome is obtained. The prepared GC modified immune ethosome has the advantages of high deformability, high encapsulation efficiency, cutin softening and complete skin permeation (so that an organism is immunized and obtains corresponding resistance), no stimulation to skin, stable properties and simple preparation method and is an ideal carrier for constructing a transcutaneous immune patch.