314 results about "Optical memory" patented technology

A lidar-based apparatus and method are used for the solid state steering of laser beams using Photonic Integrated Circuits. Integrated optic design and fabrication micro- and nanotechnologies are used for the production of chip-scale optical splitters that distribute an optical signal from a laser essentially uniformly to an array of pixels, said pixels comprising tunable optical delay lines and optical antennas. Said antennas achieve out-of-plane coupling of light.As the delay lines of said antenna-containing pixels in said array are tuned, each antenna emits light of a specific phase to form a desired far-field radiation pattern through interference of these emissions. Said array serves the function of solid state optical phased array.By incorporating a large number of antennas, high-resolution far-field patterns can be achieved by an optical phased array, supporting the radiation pattern beam forming and steering needed in solid state lidar, as well as the generation of arbitrary radiation patterns as needed in three-dimensional holography, optical memory, mode matching for optical space-division multiplexing, free space communications, and biomedical sciences. Whereas imaging from an array is conventionally transmitted through the intensity of the pixels, the optical phased array allows imaging through the control of the optical phase of pixels that receive coherent light waves from a single source.

Bacteriorhodopsin protein variants and methods using the bacteriorhodopsin variants for performance in holographic and three-dimensional (3D) memory storage devices are described. The amino acid and chemical modifications of bacteriorhodopsin provided herein achieve greatly enhanced protein performance. The memory storage devices write, read and erase data proficiently. The bacteriorhodopsin protein variants are useful in optical memory storage and associative processor systems. Irradiation of the light-sensitive protein with light of known wavelength causes the protein to switch between different states. The variants enter the branched photocycle via a single or a two photon process and form the permanent ‘Q’ state more efficiently than the wild-type bacteriorhodopsin protein. This branching photocycle of the variants is exploited in the fabrication of 3D memory storage devices.

A transaction system for use with passive data storage media, such as optical memory cards, uses secure protocols involving digital certificates for communication between a read / write drive and the medium and also for communication between the drive and a host computer. The drive is physically secured with tamper resistant features and stores cryptographic keys and firmware for executing the secure protocols. All messages (data or commands) passed between the drive and the passive medium or host computer not only are encrypted but also include at least one digital certificate for authenticating the message. Typically, asymmetric (public-private key) encryption is used and keys may be derived from an authorized user's password, personal identification number, or biometric data. The drive includes sensors to detect any attempted intrusions and a control unit that will destroy the critical information (keys and protocol code) in response to a detected intrusion. The keys and protocols stored in a drive can themselves be changed through appropriate use of a secure protocol involving digital certificates.

A method and miniaturizable device is described to read / write information to an optical storage medium (11). A device comprises one or more light sources (12) bounded up with an access unit (10) which is arranged to be controllable to a position, in which light beams (21, 22) are transmitted transversal towards an optical storage medium, and reflected light beams (33) are analysed by a detector element (18, 26) which further informs the access unit whether to move or stand still to keep light beams in focus and on track. A device according to the invention is possible to implement in a small size and low weight due to reduced component count and thin access unit geometries. A communication device (80) according to the invention may be implemented to fulfil a crucial need for ultraminiature range of communication devices.

An application of a client includes a proof data generation device, a command generation device, and a command issuing device. A command and proof data are sent to a server from the application of the client, and a command management device of the server receives them. A proof data verification device verifies the access right of a user to the application on the basis of the proof data, and enables a data storage device to be accessed in accordance with the command, if the verification is successful. The data storage device, used instead of a commonly used hard disk drive, includes a phase change type optical memory or a phase separation type optical memory to execute write once recording. Thus, the access to the data storage device is flexibly controlled.

In a system for reading data encoded on a single, secure, personal, portable database of private information, such as an optical memory card, a method of interaction between an optical card user, a broker and an agency seeking a transaction with the card user. The user is provided with a blank optical memory card which he encodes with the user's personal transactional information such as credit card numbers. The agency and user are provided with access to a transaction site. The user is able to use the single, secure medium to conduct many transactions. The user selects the encoded information that is needed to conduct the transaction with an agency. The information is read and transmitted to a broker who completes the transaction. Here, the agency is not provided with access to the information and the information is not stored in company or network database or on a network.

A multilayer optical memory of WORM (write-once-read-many) type has photosensitive layers with fluorescent reading. The disc contains a transparent substrate and multiple information layers spatially divided from one another by polymer layers and assembled using adhesive layers. Information is stored in a photosensitive substance within spiral grooves. The photosensitive substance can be formed as a continuous layer or as discrete grooves on a non-photosensitive background. Various compositions for the photosensitive substance allow recording in by changing fluorescence bleaching or emitting, with threshold-type recording.

A transaction system for use with passive data storage media, such as optical memory cards, uses secure protocols involving digital certificates for communication between a read / write drive and the medium and also for communication between the drive and a host computer. The drive stores crytographic keys and firmware for executing the secure protocols. All messages (data or commands) passed between the drive and the passive medium or host computer not only are encrypted but also include at least one digital certificate for authenticating the message. Typically, asymmetric (public-private key) encryption is used and keys may be derived from an authorized user's password, personal identification number, or biometric data. The drive includes sensors to detect any attempted intrusions and a control unit that will destroy the critical information (keys and protocol code) in response to a detected intrusion. The keys and protocols stored in a drive can themselves be changed through appropriate use of a secure protocol involving digital certificates.

A computer system includes a controller linked to a plurality of memory modules each of which has an optical memory hub and several memory devices coupled to the memory hub. The controller communicates with the memory hubs by coupling optical signals to and from the memory hubs using an optical communication path, such as one or more optical waveguides. In one example of the invention, the memory modules transmit and receive optical signals having different wavelengths. In another example of the invention, the memory modules receive optical signals corresponding to memory command and address signals at different wavelengths, but they transmit and receive optical signals corresponding to memory commands at the same wavelength.

PCT No. PCT / NO96 / 00154 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 23, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 23, 1997 PCT Filed Jun. 24, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 01165 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 9, 1997In writing of optical data in an optical memory, the optical memory is linearly transported along a path past two or more physically separated write units. The two write units are provided at a distance from one another along the path and are mutually stepwise displaced in the path's transverse direction. The distance along the path separating write units is greater than a width of a preceding write unit. Each write unit is assigned to a section of the optical memory, with the result that the writing data is performed in the transport direction in separate and successive stages. Each stage contributes a fraction of the volume of information to be recorded during the writing.

An optical memory having an input port for receiving an input optical signal to be stored in the optical memory is disclosed. A portion of the optical signal is coupled to a storage loop for storing optical signals by a coupler that transfers a portion of the input optical signal to the storage loop. An optical signal stored in the storage loop is output by coupling a portion of that optical signal to a first external optical waveguide. The storage loop includes a semiconductor optical amplifier for amplifying the signals stored in the storage loop to compensate for losses incurred by those signals in traversing the storage loop. A plurality of such optical memories can be combined to form a larger memory that includes a reconditioning circuit that resets the amplitude of the optical signals to a value that depends on the amplitude of the optical signals.

Embodiments of the present invention include an integrated circuit to communicate with a memory device. The integrated circuit includes an optical transmitter and an optical bus coupled to the integrated circuit's optical transmitter. N optical receivers are coupled to the optical bus via N optical couplers. N memory modules are coupled to the N optical receivers. M memory devices are coupled to the N memory modules. The optical transmitter converts a signal to communicate with the N memory modules from an electrical signal to an optical signal. The optical bus propagates the optical signal. Each of the N optical couplers to couple a one-Nth of the optical signal from the optical bus to each one of the N optical receivers, each of the N optical receivers converts its one-Nth of the optical signal to an electrical signal for its associated memory device.

A lidar-based apparatus and method are used for the solid state steering of laser beams using Photonic Integrated Circuits. Integrated optic design and fabrication micro- and nanotechnologies are used for the production of chip-scale optical splitters that distribute an optical signal from a laser essentially uniformly to an array of pixels, said pixels comprising tunable optical delay lines and optical antennas. Said antennas achieve out-of-plane coupling of light.As the delay lines of said antenna-containing pixels in said array are tuned, each antenna emits light of a specific phase to form a desired far-field radiation pattern through interference of these emissions. Said array serves the function of solid state optical phased array.By incorporating a large number of antennas, high-resolution far-field patterns can be achieved by an optical phased array, supporting the radiation pattern beam forming and steering needed in solid state lidar, as well as the generation of arbitrary radiation patterns as needed in three-dimensional holography, optical memory, mode matching for optical space-division multiplexing, free space communications, and biomedical sciences. Whereas imaging from an array is conventionally transmitted through the intensity of the pixels, the optical phased array allows imaging through the control of the optical phase of pixels that receive coherent light waves from a single source.

This disclosure describes an identification document with optical recording media, as well as related methods for making identification documents and materials used to make identification documents. The identification document includes first and second layers. The second layer is cut to form wells for receiving patches of the optical recording media. The first and second layers are joined, and the patches are placed into the wells. The first and second layers and patches form a composite structure that is used to make identification documents. In particular, in one embodiment, the patches are placed into the wells, which are filled with a curable liquid. The composite laminate structure is then joined with a core layer. Other layers may be added, such as a laminate on the opposite side of the core from the composite laminate, and image receiving layers for printing variable information.

A variable optical buffer queue, particularly useful either as an input or an output queue in an optical packet router in a wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) communication network. An input queue includes plural separately controllable optical delay units disposed on wavelength channels between a demultiplexer and tunable wavelength converters controlling switching through a wavelength router. An output queue includes for each output port of a wavelength router plural separately controllable optical delay units tuned to different wavelengths. The delay units may induce selective amounts of delay and may be implemented as a series of controlled microresonators coupled to waveguide. Such a structure is usable as a controllably accessible optical memory.

A computer system includes a controller linked to a plurality of memory modules each of which has an optical memory hub and several memory devices coupled to the memory hub. The controller communicates with the memory hubs by coupling optical signals to and from the memory hubs using an optical communication path, such as one or more optical waveguides. In one example of the invention, the memory modules transmit and receive optical signals having different wavelengths. In another example of the invention, the memory modules receive optical signals corresponding to memory command and address signals at different wavelengths, but they transmit and receive optical signals corresponding to memory commands at the same wavelength.

The present invention discloses hydrothermal process of synthesizing efflorescent zinc oxide in micron and nanometer structure. The process includes adopting zinc chloride and ammonia water as material, regulating solution pH value to 10.40-12.00, setting the treated substrate and the compounded solution inside reaction utensil with cover, heating in a stove to react, eliminating transparent liquid while leaving white precipitate, sealing the precipitate in the utensil at room temperature for hours, washing and air drying to obtain the efflorescent zinc oxide in micron and nanometer structure on the substrate. The prepared efflorescent zinc oxide is used mainly in making chemical sensor, optical memory, photocatalyst, etc. and the process is simple, low in cost, controllable, pollution-free and suitable for industrial production.

An optical memory system according to example embodiments includes a plurality of memory modules, each memory module including a plurality of memory devices; a light source; a light distribution unit connected to the light source through a first optical transmission line; a plurality of second optical transmission lines connected between the light distribution unit and the plurality of memory modules; a plurality of electrical to optical converters, each connected to at least one of the second optical transmission lines; and a plurality of output optical transmission lines connected to the plurality of electrical to optical converters, each output optical transmission line for outputting an electrical to optical converted signal.

This invention relates to a three-dimensional optical memory made from a fluorescent photosensitive material, and a method and device for the storage and retrieval of information on the three-dimensional optical memory. The fluorescent photosensitive material can be glass and vitroceramic, both of which exhibit both fluorescent and photosensitive properties. Both one-photon and two-photon processes can be used for writing and reading the digital information on to the three-dimensional optical memory, in conjunction with a confocal microscope. A high reading sensitivity is obtained by using fluorescence during the reading cycle.

Selected domains, normally 2x103x2x103 such domains arrayed in a plane, within a three-dimensional (3-D) volume of radiation-sensitive medium, typically 1 cm3 of spirobenzopyran containing 2x103 such planes, are temporally and spatially simultaneously illuminated by two radiation pulses, normally laser light pulses in various combinations of wavelengths 532 nm and 1024 nm, in order, dependent upon the particular combination of illuminating light, to either write binary data to, or read binary data from, the selected domains by process of two-photon (2-P) interaction / absorption. One laser light pulse is preferably directed to illuminate all domains during its propagation along one directional axis of the volume. The other laser light pulse is first spatially encoded with binary information by 2-D spatial light modulator, and is then (i) directed and (ii) time sequenced to intersection with the other light pulse in a locus of intersection domains. During writing the selected, simultaneously illuminated, intersection domains change their index of refraction, attendant upon a change in isomeric molecular form, by process of 2-P absorption. During reading selected intersection domains selectively refract each of two read light pulses identically-as well as fluoresce-dependent upon their individually pre-established, written, states. The selective refraction of each read pulse in its passage straight through the volume is sensed in a detector array. I / O bandwidth to each cm3 of radiation-sensitive medium is on the order of 1 Gbit / sec to 1 Tbit / sec.

The invention discloses a scattering medium-penetrating laser speckle flow speed detection method and a device thereof. The scattering medium-penetrating laser speckle flow speed detection method is characterized in that based on the optical memory effect of the scattering medium, the spatial light modulator can be used for the compensation matching of the random phases generated by the light waves passing through the scattering mediums, and by combining with the laser speckle comparing and analyzing method, the scattering medium-penetrating flow speed imaging can be realized. The device provided by the invention is characterized in that a light beam transmitted by a laser device can be used to illuminate the object plane and the scattering medium after passing through a collimating and beam expanding system. The rear surface of the scattering medium can be imaged on the spatial light modulator by adopting a 4f system, and the light modulated by the spatial light modulator can be reflected to a light splitting sheet along an optical path, and then can be received by a CCD camera or a CMOS camera via a lens five. The scatheless, non-contact, and scattering medium-penetrating real-time wide field flow speed imaging can be realized.

An apparatus for forming microstructures in the surface of polymeric web materials for use as optical memory substrates. The microstructures may be formed by laminating a hot stamper to a web of material with a selective time / temperature profile. The stamper may be heated to melt flow the surface of the web and stabilize before separation. The stamper may be carried by a support that is independent of the press. The web of polymeric material may be provided with a flow enhancer to improve image formation. Also described herein are methods and apparatus for making optical memory modules, such as disks, which include novel stampers, coating applicators, and finishing systems.

An induction heating system for the manufacturing of optical memory microstructure, wherein the thermal cycle allows the process web to be rapidly heated to the relaxation and re-flow temperature, followed by cooling to the optimum separation temperature in under 10 seconds total process time. The rapid response heating system of the present invention may be achieved through the use of one or rotating asymmetrical induction heating coils which are embedded in the platen(s) of the embossing device.

The invention discloses a fluorene copolymer and a preparation method, application and a polymer solar cell device thereof. The copolymer is prepared from raw materials of 2,7-fluorene monomers, thiophene monomers and diazosulfide monomers by performing Suzuki polymerization reaction under the action of a catalyst and alkali. The fluorene copolymer can be applied to the manufacturing of polymer solar cells, organic electroluminescent devices, organic field-effect transistors, organic optical memory devices, organic nonlinear materials or organic laser devices. The polymer solar cell device comprises a glass layer, an ITO layer, a PEDOT:PSS composite layer, an active layer and an Al layer, wherein the active layer comprises electron donor materials and electron acceptor materials of the fluorene copolymer. The fluorene copolymer and the application thereof have the advantages of relatively wide spectral response, relatively high stability, better match with solar radio spectrum and high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for the continuous manufacturing of optical memory or optical memory substrates, and / or optical disks, which includes supplying a web of material to a substrate forming apparatus, embossing a microform image onto a polymeric film, such as an information track structure for an optical device, onto one or both sides of the web with a flat stamper and punching a hole through the web during the embossing. During the embossing, the polymeric material is heated to above the glass transition temperature (Tg). A flat stamper limits the potential for warp in the web, particularly when the web is stabilized in the stamp zone. The disclosed invention is particularly useful in the production of optical disk substrates, such as polycarbonate, having a thickness of 0.6 mm or less.

The invention provides a method for converting an evanescent wave into a traveling wave. The method is implemented by the aid of a super-surface grating formed by a polarization independent nano-brickarray. Size parameters of the length and the width of a nano-brick are adjusted, a phase gradient is designed, the super-surface grating is constructed, different transverse wave vector variation ofpolarized incident light waves along the directions of a long axis and a short axis of the nano-brick can be achieved, so that the evanescent wave is converted into the traveling wave, the traveling wave is transmitted to a far field, and super-resolution imaging is achieved. The super-surface formed by the nano-brick array has the advantages of high integration and transmittance, relatively simple machining process and the like and is applied to the fields such as biomedicine microscopy imaging, optical lithography and ultrahigh-density optical memory.

The present invention is directed to a three-dimensional memory apparatus for storing information in a volume comprising of an active medium. The active medium is capable of changing from a first to a second isomeric form as a response to radiation of a light beam having an energy substantially equal to a first threshold energy. The concentration ratio between a first and a second isomeric form in any given volume portion represents a data unit. The active medium in the memory apparatus comprises of diarylalkene derivatives, triene derivatives, polyene derivatives or a mixture thereof. The invention is further directed to means for reading the data units from the isomeric states of the active medium in different portions of said active medium where the two isomeric forms have a substantially different absorption coefficient for absorbing energy of a second threshold energy. Reading may also be carried out by measuring the scattering pattern of the two isomeric forms.

The invention discloses a method for imaging an object behind a scattering medium based on a convolutional neural network PDSNet. According to the method, the traditional speckle correlation imaging algorithm principles are combined, the design and optimization of the network are guided, and the limitation of the optical memory effect OME on the imaging field angle FOV is eliminated in a data driving mode. The convolutional neural network PDSNet is a neural network structure suitable for a random scale and a complex target. The hidden object recovery capability of the convolutional neural network PDSNet is experimentally tested, and at least 40 times of optical memory effect range expansion is realized on the premise that the average PSNR is kept above 24dB. And meanwhile, under an untrained scale, the average PSNR of the recovered image is more than 22dB, and complex targets such as a human face are successfully reconstructed. Experimental results given in the invention verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the method.

A polarization holographic storage device of using photochromic material film as recording media is prepared as using space light modulator as page information input element, using image collector as information reading out unit and using photochromicmaterial material film as recording material, using light of photochromic material to lead each anisotropy , using orthogonal polarization light as object light and reference light to record modulated holography for raising image S ¿C N ratio, using bacteria sclererythrin film or fulgide film as erasable holographic recording media.

The present invention has an object, in a near-field optical probe having a microscopic aperture to generate and / or scatter a near field, to obtain a near-field optical probe easy to be made in an array which increases the intensity of a near field to be generated and / or scattered and is adapted for use as an optical memory head.This near-field optical probe is arranged with a planar lens having microscopic lens on a flat surface substrate having an inverted conical or pyramidal hole formed therethrough such that its apex is made as the microscopic aperture, wherein a light source is further arranged thereon to introduce light to the planar lens. Because the arrangement is made such that the planar lens has a focal point positioned at the microscopic aperture, the light given by the light source can be efficiently collected to the microscopic aperture. Also, the above structure can be arrayed and mass produced using a silicon process, thus being adapted for use as an optical memory head.