132 results about "Solanum viarum" patented technology

The invention provides a method for rapidly identifying resistance to verticillium wilt of eggplant. The method comprises the following steps of: accelerating germination and sowing of eggplant seeds, seedling culturing, preparation of a verticillium wilt spore suspension, treatment of pathogenic bacteria infection and incidence investigation. According to the invention, eggplant seedlings are infected with verticillium wilt in a manner of soaking and infecting seedling roots by a bacteria solution, and the eggplant seedlings are infected after being uniformly cultured in a substrate until achieving a state of one seedling with two leaves, so that the growth vigor and size of the eggplant seedlings are easy to control, and the consistency and reliability of an identification result are ensured. By adopting the appropriate verticillium wilt substrate and adjusting the concentration of the verticillium wilt suspension, the method has the advantages of good infection effect, high survival rate of the infected seedlings, uniform inoculation and rapid incidence. According to the invention, only different plants with consistent growth vigor need to be soaked in the bacteria solution after root cutting, so that the operation is simple and convenient, the seedling culture time is short, and the method is particularly suitable for identification of resistance to verticillium wilt of eggplant breeding materials in batches.

The invention discloses a method of culturing a tomato grafted seedling. The method includes the following steps of conducting cuttage on a lateral branch of a tomato elderly plant, using a new bud obtained through cuttage as a scion, using a wild eggplant as a rootstock, grafting the rootstock and the scion, cultivating the grafted seedlings, selecting good and robust plants without plant diseases and insect pests as stock plants, picking a lateral branch with 3 leaves to 5 leaves and using the lateral branch as a cutting, cutting leaves, budding inflorescence and growing points of the picked cutting, simultaneously cutting 4 centimeters of the lower portion of the cutting, wherein a cutting opening of the lower end needs to be smooth and an angle of the cutting opening is from 30 degrees to 45 degrees, soaking the well cut cutting in 800-time carbendazim solution for 1 minute to disinfect the cutting, and simultaneously preventing the cutting from loosing water and rootage from being influenced. The lower portion of the cutting is soaked in 100 milligrams per kilogram of indolebutyric acid for 10 seconds to 15 seconds, and therefore high rooting percentage can be obtained and rooting time can be shortened. The cutting is inserted into base material with 5cm*5cm density, the inserting depth is from 2 centimeters to 3 centimeters, a root system and a new bud come up after 10 days to 15 days, and the new bud is cut out to be used as the scion when 3 leaves to 4 leaves grow on the new bud. The method of culturing the tomato grafted seedling has the advantages of being high in uniformity, easy to manage after planting, high in harvest and consistent in fructescence.

The invention relates to a cultivation method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle of eggplants, which is characterized by taking tomatoes or wilds tomatoes as parental stocks and taking coins as an eggplant variety; respectively culturing parental stock seedlings and coin seedlings, grafting and seedling by a cleft graft method to form eggplant graftings combining the parental stocks and the coins, fixedly planting the seedlings after the seedlings survive; making high plots or high ridges of 18cm, and fixedly planting the grafted seedlings in accordance with the row spacing of 70cm and the planting distance of 50cm, wherein the position of a grafting cutter point is 5cm higher than that of the ridge surface or the plot surface; carrying out plant adjustment by a double-rod pruning method after fixed planting to promote the germination of lateral branches, repeatedly carrying out topping treatment to generate multiple lateral branches, thus forming multiple fruits; and culturing until the eggplants mature. In the invention, the grafting and the root changing belong to the biological agronomic measures, the operation is simple, the application is convenient, no pollution is generated to environment and agricultural products during the process of production, and the high quality of the agricultural products can be maintained. The seed source of parental stocks is easily to obtain, the production cost is low, the effect on overcoming continuous cropping obstacle is obvious, and the purposes of continuously planting eggplants in the same block and plastic tent and realizing stable production can be achieved.

Disclosed is a high yield cultivating method for eggplants. The method includes that by means of seed soaking and germination accelerating, seeds are placed in 55 DEG C warm water, the water amount is 5-6 times larger than the seed number, stirring is continuously performed, the 55 DEG C water temperature is maintained for 10 to 15 minutes, and then the seeds are soaked in water which is naturally cooled for 8 to 12 hours; according to greenhouse culture of seedlings, firstly, a layer of 3cm-thickness nutrient soil is put in a seeding box; the seeds are fully watered for the first time, after water totally seeps, a layer of fine soil is sprinkled, the seeds are sprinkled or planted by trench sowing, then 1cm-thickness fine soil covers the seeds, plastic thin films cover the soil, and the plastic thin films are removed in time after seed emergence; as for transplanting, soil preparation and bedding of a field land are performed before transplanting, bottom watering is fully performed, base fertilizers (excellent farmyard manure 5000kg, diammonium phosphate 20kg and potassium sulphate 30kg per mu) are fully applied, and transplanting is performed in good time. The high yield cultivating method for the eggplants is simple, convenient to manage and high in planting benefits, and can effectively solve the problem of low planting efficiency of the eggplants in north of China.

The invention discloses an eggplant seedling growing matrix, and belongs to the technical field of soilless culture. The matrix comprises 400-550dm<3>/m<3> of coconut chaff, 150-300dm<3>/m<3> of peat, 100-150dm<3>/m<3> of wood chip, 200-300dm<3>/m<3> of vinegar chaff, 50-75dm<3>/m<3> of perlite, 60-75dm<3>/m<3> of vermiculite, 10-20dm<3>/m<3> of a decomposed fermented material, and a small amount of an organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer comprises 0.1-0.3kg/m<3> of peptone, 0.1-0.2kg/m<3> of an organic potash fertilizer and 0.1-0.2kg/m<3> of an organic phosphate fertilizer. The matrix adopts the coconut chaff as a main body matrix material, and also comprises the peat, wood chip, vinegar chaff, perlite, vermiculite and the decomposed fermented material according to different proportions, so the acidity-alkalinity of the matrix is effectively balanced, and abundant and sufficient nutrient environment is provided; and the matrix has the advantages of loosening, ventilation, water retention, fertilizer conservation, environmental protection and low cost.

Disclosed is a continuous cropping type eggplantgrafting method. The method comprises the steps of (1) stock selection, wherein the stock is solanum torvum and the scion is an ordinary eggplant variety; (2) culturing, wherein a solanum torvum stock seedling and a scion seedling are cultured independently, and grafting is conducted after the scion seedling grows 3-4 blades; (3) grafting, wherein cleft grafting is carried out on the scion seedling at the position 5-8cm above the soil surface of the solanum torvum stock seedling, dryness needs to be guaranteed during cleft grafting, and water feeding must be absolutely prohibited; (4) seedling culturing, wherein the well grafted eggplant seedling is well covered by a film to be cultured at a temperature of 25-28 DEG C and an air humidity of 70-95% for 60days; (5) transplanting, wherein the eggplant seedling is transplanted to a cold shed for 120days, and then grafting is achieved successfully. The method breaks through the habitual mindset that eggplants can not be cropped continuously. According to the method, the eggplants can be cropped continuously on the same field within 4-5 years, the yield is high and can reach 2-3 times of the yield obtained with the traditional planting method, and the color and taste of the eggplants are improved greatly.

The invention discloses a method of improving the salt tolerance of eggplants by applying brassinolide. The method comprises the steps that before eggplant sowing, brassinolide microbial inoculum stock solution is diluted by 20 times for soaking seeds, from the one-unfolded leaf and one-curled leaf period, the chlorophyll content of eggplants is monitored at each week, 3-5 typical plants are selected in a colony, the completely unfolded leaf at the topmost node of each plant is selected for measuring the chlorophyll content, if the chlorophyll content is about 0.9 mg/L, brassinolide microbial inoculum is not sprayed, or 0.1 mol/L calcium chloride solution is sprayed once on the leaf surfaces in the vigorous growth period, and after 24 hours, the brassinolide microbial inoculum stock solution is diluted by 200 times for once spraying.

The invention discloses a biological pesticide specially used for eggplants, and a preparation method of the biological pesticide, belonging to the technical field of crop pesticide preparation. The biological pesticide is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: radix sophorae flavescentis, cortex dictamni, broadleaf holly leaf, Chinese honeylocust spine, honeysuckle flower, herba menthae, folium eriobotryae, radix rehmanniae, folium artemisiae argyi, common nandina leaf, liquorice root, purslane herb, rhizoma menispermi and herba speranskiae tuberculatae. The biological pesticide contains multiple substances such as kushenin, dictamnine and polyphenols, thus not only having an inhibiting effect for multiple pathogenic bacteria, but also being capable of controlling pests such as aphids, Chinese chive maggots and red spiders and having a good promotion effect for all growth processes of the eggplants. Chemicals are not added into the biological pesticide specially used for the eggplants, so that the biological pesticide is safe and reliable in quality and environment-friendly; the biological pesticide is good in control effect for plant diseases and insect pests of the eggplants, simple and reasonable in preparation method, low in comprehensive cost, simple and flexible in use method and easy to popularize and apply.

Solanum viarum is an alkaloid producing plant of the family Solanaceae with varied therapeutic uses. In order to grow the plant in large areas; one needs to have an efficient system of vegetative multiplication, which ensures its genetic uniformity, and true to the type nature. In nature largely seeds propagate plant, which could be result of cross-pollination which may result in genetic drift. The present invention provides an efficient micropropagation system, with high level of multiplication at relatively low cost of production. The multiplication ratio was as high as 1:6 and almost 95% the plants were viable and successfully cultivated in field. The present invention provides an ideal way of mass cultivation of the selected elite plant material.

The invention discloses a high-yield planting method for eggplant comprising following steps: preparation of seedbed soil; pregermination of seed; sowing seed. Compared with the prior art, the high-yield planting method has following beneficial effects: the seed germination percentage is over 92%, the emergence percentage is from 83% to 87%, and sprouts are robust and grow well. According to the high-yield planting method, mixture of bentonite and kaolin is added to field soil; the soil adsorbability and activity are improved by fermentation of argy wormwood, honey locust and ginger so that the permeability of soil is improved. Nutrients are absorbed by the soil and the soil insecticidal capability is also improved. Growing of eggplant seedling is protected. By use of the high-yield planting method, the output of eggplant is increased, plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, and production cost is reduced.

The invention provides a preparation method of a fertilizer for increasing production of eggplant, comprising pine needle powder, bean cake powder, rapeseed cake powder, bone meal, balsam pear powder, corn starch, white gourd powder, saffron, honeysuckle powder, mulberry leaves powder, and perilla powder. All percentages herein are by weight. The formula and preparation method are simple, and a large number of organic fertilizers produced by the ingredients can satisfy the growing requirements of eggplant. The eggplant that grows with adding the nutriment has thick rod and full weight, with increasing the output and solving the defects that the usage of the chemical fertilizers, white gourd powder and other materials for the topdressing of eggplant has good effect , and the nutrient components in the chemical fertilizers and white gourd powder can not satisfy the nutritional requirements of eggplant.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating eggplant rich in multiple microelements. The method at least adopts one of the following measures: 1, selecting high-quality eggplant seeds, cultivating normally, and after seedlings grow out, pouring microelement nutrient solution diluted by 500-750 times; 2, cultivating normally, and after field planting, pouring the microelement nutrient solution diluted by 500-750 times into the ridges; 3, during nutrition pot seedling raising, respectively pouring and applying the microelement nutrient solution diluted by 500-750 times in a 2-3 main leaf period and/or field planting; 4, diluting the nutrient solution by 300-500 times, respectively spraying to plants, leaf surfaces and fruits once in a fruit sitting period and an eggplant expanding period; and 5, during soilless cultivation, directly adding right amount of nutrient solution into the nutrient solution respectively in a flowering and fruit sitting period and the eggplant expanding period; and carrying out routine management. The used microelement nutrient solution is ion nutrient solution fertilizer specified in claim 1 of a patent with the application number of 201210053105.4.

The invention discloses a method of planting high-yield eggplant, relates to the technical field of eggplant planting. The method comprises the steps of 1, soil selection; 2, soil preparation; 3, seed selection; 4, seed pretreatment; 5, germination; 6, sowing and seedling; 7, seedling management; 8, colonization; 9, field management; 10, ripe and harvesting. According to the method of planting high-yield eggplant, the planting process is environmentally friendly and scientific, the germination rate of cultivated eggplant is high, the anti-disease resistance is strong, and the yield is high and the eggplant is good in taste.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating eggplant in spring greenhouses, belonging to the technical field of eggplant cultivation, comprising the following steps: 1) preparation of nutrient soil: 40% of decomposed cow dung, 40% of non-solanaceous stubble garden soil, humic acid 20% phosphate fertilizer, mixed with 500 grams of CM or EM beneficial biological fertilizer; prepare 25 square meters of seedbed for every 667 square meters, mix well with 1 kg of nutrient soil and 45% biological potassium, and put it into a nutrient bowl with a diameter of 8 cm and a height of 10 cm, or Make sunbeds and level them for sowing; plant without miscellaneous bacteria, so that the bed soil is loose and not scattered; 2) seed treatment; 3) soaking seeds to accelerate germination; 4) planting; 5) fixed value management; 6) strong seedling indicators. The invention provides an eggplant variety with high temperature resistance, anti-virus, strong growth potential, concentrated fruit, large fruit and thick flesh, relatively cold resistance, and an eggplant cultivation method that can increase yield.

The invention discloses a seedling hardening method for improving the constitution of eggplant seedlings. The method comprises the steps of 1, seedling hardening matrix preparation; 2, rooting nutrient solution preparation; 3, seedling transplantation; 4, management after transplantation. The steps are matched scientifically and reasonably and accord with the growth law of eggplant seedlings, management mode is more accurate, the problem of traditional modes that seedlings are damaged easily is solved, and the method is higher in universality for eggplant seedlings and has a higher guiding value; hardened eggplant seedlings have robust rootstock, high internal nutrient substance content and higher resistance-related enzymatic activity, the survival rate of hardened seedlings reaches 99% or more, planting survival rate after seedling hardening reaches 98% or more, the content of vitamin P in fruit is increased by 30-35%, the content of vitamin C is increased by 70-80%, the content of calcium is increased by 25-35%, the acre yield of fruit is increased by 18-23%, and economic benefits are high.

The invention provides a production technology of a compound microorganism bacterium agent for resisting bacterial wilt of an eggplant. The production technology is characterized in that raw materials of a fertilizer comprise the following components: 15-20 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 15-20 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 15-20 parts of streptomyces microflavus, 10-35 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 10-15 parts of vegetable oil sludge, and 10-15 parts of plant ash; three probiotics are mixed by thallus preparation, material mixing, pelletizing of compound bacteria, coating of the vegetable oil sludge at the first layer, coating of plant ash at the second layer, and coating of chitosan oligosaccharide at the third layer; the three probiotics are separated from the antibacterial compound which is chitosan oligosaccharide and play each function to the maximum. According to the production technology, the antagonism and disinfecting effect of the microorganism to bacterial wilt and the induced resistance of chitosan oligosaccharide to the eggplant are utilized to realize the prevention and control of bacterial wilt; the compound microorganism bacterium agent has the advantages of being free from pollution, environmentally friendly, low in cost, and long-lasting in effect.

The invention provides compound fertilizer special for eggplant growth. The compound fertilizer is prepared from bean pulp, humic acid, livestock manure, rape seed cake, bentonite, corn straw, a microbial agent, urea, monopotassium phosphate, potassium sulfate, soil structure conditioner and traditional Chinese medicine powder. The purposes of reducing cost, improving the quality of eggplants and increasing the yield of the eggplants are achieved, and a scientific basis is provided for applying and popularizing the special compound fertilizer.

The invention discloses a pruning method for production increase of eggplants. The pruning method includes: after branching positions of two branches of each of two main eggplant branches bear eggplants respectively, pinching and topping the two pairs of branches, wherein two new branches on the third layer grow at the broken position of each branch, the number of the new branches is eight, and each branching position of the third layer bears an eggplant; pinching and topping the eight branches on the third layer, wherein two new branches on the fourth layer grow at each broken position of the eight branches, the number of the new branches is sixteen, and each branching position of the fourth layer bears an eggplant; performing the process sequentially according to actual conditions; erecting iron or cement tubes and pulling iron wires in a piece of paddy field to fix eggplant twigs; performing other field management normally. Compared with conventional eggplant pruning methods, the pruning method has the advantages that eggplant twig growth, blossoming and fruiting rules are utilized, eggplant fruiting number can be increased, and yield per 667m<2> is increased by more than 30% .

The invention discloses an eggplant scalding pregermination method, and belongs to the field of pregermination. The method comprises the following steps: processing seeds, scalding seeds, soaking seeds at intervals, arranging a place, carrying out variable temperature pregermination, and managing and protecting the pregermination. The method specifically comprises the following steps: removing impurities from the seeds, soaking the seeds in water with a temperature of 25 DEG C for 30 minutes, scrubbing the seeds for 3 to 5 times to remove the pectin attached on the seed coats, and then carrying out seed scalding after the cleaning; wherein the seed scalding comprises the following steps: soaking the infiltrated seeds in cool water, adding water with a temperature of 90 DEG C under quick stirring so as not to burn the seeds, stopping to add hot water when the water temperature reaches 75 DEG C, maintaining the temperature for 5 minutes, the stirring the water until the water temperature reaches 30 DEG C, and keeping on soaking the seeds at a room temperature. Compared the conventional pregermination technology, the time when 50% of seeds geminates is 128 hours earlier, and the time when 90% of seeds geminates is 152 hours earlier. Moreover, the germination potential of the seeds is uniform, the spouts are strong, and the phenomenon of rotten sprout and bad seed is avoided. The method has the advantages of strong practicality and simple and convenient operation, and thus is welcome by vegetable growers.