This invention relates to the field of
graphene processing technology, and more particularly to a method for low-temperature
microwave exfoliation of
graphene powder, comprising the following steps: dispersing
natural graphite powder or expandable
graphite in a
solvent, wherein the
solvent is selected from one of N-methylpyrrolidone,
dimethyl sulfoxide, or a mixture of water and surfactant, and the
mass concentration of
graphite in the dispersion is 1-50 g·L. ‑1 The dispersion is pre-dispersed according to parameters determined by the optimized model, including but not limited to stirring power, ultrasonic power, and pre-dispersion time. The treated dispersion is then placed in a controllable power
microwave reactor, and
microwave energy is applied in pulses. The
microwave power, pulse width, and number of cycles are determined according to equipment capacity and
temperature control constraints. In this invention, by combining low-temperature pulsed microwaves with model-optimized pre-dispersion,
graphite agglomerates are effectively reduced,
thermal damage and structural defects are suppressed under controlled
energy consumption and shear conditions, thereby improving the exfoliation efficiency and
powder uniformity of
monolayer and few-layer
graphene.