The invention discloses a waste heat recovery device of an industrial kiln, and relates to the technical field of industrial kiln equipment. The device specifically comprises a kiln body. When the device is used, a heat insulation box, a heat preservation coating outside the heat insulation box and a heat absorption pipe are arranged, in a using process of the kiln body, heat dissipated by the kiln body through surface radiation can be effectively recycled, a waste heat recovery rate of the kiln body is increased, the cost is saved, the situation that the heat is directly scattered into the atmosphere to cause climate warming is prevented, environmental protection is facilitated, after firing is completed, a first control valve and a second control valve are opened, a fan is started, and the fan introduces external airflow into the heat insulation box via an air conveying pipe and then introduces the external airflow out of the heat insulation box via an air outlet pipe, so that the cooling speed of the kiln body can be increased, collection of fired objects in the kiln body and next-time material distribution of the kiln body are facilitated, and the production efficiency of the kiln body is improved.