The invention relates to a method for staged open stoping post mining filling mining of extremely-thick large ore bodies under the high-ground-pressure environment. The method comprises the followingsteps that (1), panels are arranged, the panels are divided in the ore body trend, each panel is composed of a plurality of stopes, and ore columns are reserved on the two sides of the panels; (2), mining-cutting is conducted, and at each mining stage, filling levels, rock-drilling levesl and ore drawing levels are arranged; (3), all the stopes are mined one by one from bottom to top, the spaced mining mode is adopted, one stope is subjected to stoping, every three stopes are subjected to mining-cutting, and filling operation is conducted after stoping is finished; (4), according to stope filling, after ore drawing of one in the stopes is completed, stope open stoping post mining filling is codncuted; and (5), ore columns are recovered, the reserved ore columns in the panels of a mine arerecovered, and before later-period mine mining is finished, an upward layered filling method is adopted to conduct concentrated recovery. The method has the advantages that production is safe, the good operation conditions and environments are achieved, the production efficiency is high, the panel capacity is large, the method is simple, the accurate mining engineering quantity is small, the stoping time section is short, and the flexibility is large.