The invention discloses a synergistic recycling method of zinc-rich metallurgical dust sludge and semidry desulfurization ash, and belongs to the field of resource regeneration. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing zinc-rich metallurgical dust sludge and semi-dry desulfurization ash according to a mass ratio of 1: (0.02-1.99), pelletizing, drying, then mixing, oxidizing and sintering according to a mass ratio of small balls to pulverized coal (coke powder) of 1: (0.03-0.89), and enriching sphalerite and an alkali metal chloride salt in the smoke dust, performing reselection and purification to obtain a zinc oxide product, recycling reselected water, circularly enriching a soluble salt, merging into a wet process, producing sodium chloride and potassium chloride by processes such as a cold crystallization direct flotation method and the like, cooling sintered ore obtained by sintering, crushing and finely grinding the sintered ore to 0.028-13.9 mm by using roller type crushing equipment and rod grinding equipment, selectively dissociating calcium ferrite and gypsum, then carrying out magnetic separation to separate calcium ferrite, taking the magnetic separationtailings for producing a cementing material to replace cement, or separating low-density gypsum from the magnetic separation tailings by using a micro-pulse elutriation jigger, filtering the tailings, using the filter residues as a concrete admixture, recycling the filtrate, enriching a soluble salt, and merging the filtrate into the wet process to produce sodium chloride and potassium chloride.