The invention relates to a high-weldability fine-grain low-alloy structural steel plate and a production method thereof. The high-weldability fine-grain low-alloy structural steel plate provided by the invention comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.12-0.15% of C, 0.10-0.50% of Si, 1.00-1.60% of Mn, at most 0.020% of P, at most 0.010% of S, 0.60-1.0% of Ni, 0.20-0.40% of Cr, 0.20-0.40% of Mo, 0.005-0.020% of Nb, 0.015-0.05% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The production method of the steel plate comprises the following steps: electrosmelting, carrying out LF (ladle furnace) / VD (vacuum degasser) refining, carrying out die casting, heating an ingot, rolling a plate, cooling with water, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the qualified steel plate. The room-temperature mechanical properties of the steel plate provided by the invention are equivalent to those of the foreign product; the grain fineness is Grade 7-8, the structure is full-bainite, the inclusions are lower than Grade 1, the inclusion content is low, the steel quality is pure, and the steel has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties; the mechanical properties of the steel plate completely satisfy the standard requirements of 145mm thick steel plate, and the steel plate has favorable compatibility.