43results about How to "Increase the amorphous region" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for preparing acetate starch with mechanical activation solid phase reaction, comprising the following steps: a, mixing acetic anhydride equivalent to 40-80% of starch mass with starch, then adding solid sodium hydroxide equivalent to 1.0-4.0% of starch mass, stirring uniformly and then sealing for placing for 12-36h; b, loading a mixture obtained in the step a in a self-made ball-stirring mill, adding a ball milling medium with a ball material volume ratio of (6-12): 1, wherein the diameter of the ball milling medium is 4-8mm, stirring reaction lasts 40-80 min at the temperature of 40-80 DEG C, and the rotating speed of strirrer is 200-500 rpm; and c, separating the product with the ball milling medium, washing with ethanol with the volume fraction of 60-90% till the pH value is 6.0-7.0, vacuumizing and filtering, drying at the temperature of 30-60 DEG C, and then crashing till 100-120 meshed. According to the method, the acetate starch with high substitution value can be prepared, and the technology is simple and environmentally-friendly.

The invention relates to a wear-resistant high-impact-resistance nylon composite material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of nylon resin, 10-50 parts of fiber material, 10-40 parts of anti-wear agents, 0.1-2 parts of surface treating agent perfluoropolyether, 0.1-1.0 part of lubricant and 0.1-0.6 part of antioxidant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing different types of anti-wear agents at medium speed; heating to 90-100 DEG C, adding the perfluoropolyether, and uniformly mixing at high speed; adding the nylon resin, lubricant and antioxidant, and continuing mixing uniformly; and carrying out melt blending extrusion, drawing, cooling, and granulation on the obtained mixture and fiber material through a double screw extruder, thereby obtaining the wear-resistant high-impact-resistance nylon composite material. The wear-resistant high-impact-resistance nylon composite material has the advantages of low friction factor, favorable wear resistance, high mechanical strength, favorable heat resistance, excellent toughness, excellent impact resistance, low mold shrinkage rate, favorable dimensional stability, favorable flowability and high processability.

The invention discloses a method for preparing sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the degree of substitution from bagasse. The method comprises the following steps of: performing ball-milling pretreatment on bagasse fibers, and etherifying bagasse cellulose and purifying. In the method, the bagasse fibers are subjected to the ball-milling pretreatment, so a lignin protective layer is broken, a crystalline structure of the cellulose is changed, an amorphous area of the bagasse cellulose is increased, and the reaction activity of the bagasse cellulose is improved; and by a subsequent series of methods and the optimization of control parameters, the degree of substitution of the prepared sodium carboxymethylcellulose is up to 1.5, the yield is 50 percent, the production cost is low, and a process is simple and environment-friendly.

The invention discloses a method for preparing starch stearate by using cassava starch. The method comprises the steps of: a, grinding the cassava starch with a moisture content of 10-20% and a ball-milling medium at 40-60 DEG C to prepare activated cassava starch; b, weighing stearic acid accounting for 0.5-5% by mass of the activated starch, dissolving the stearic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol until an acid alcohol ratio is 1 g: (20-30) m1, then adding hydrochloric acid accounting for 0.0175-0.175% by mass of the activated starch and mixing uniformly; c, adding the solution obtained in the step b into the activated cassava starch obtained in the step a, mixing uniformly and then adding water until the moisture content in the starch is up to 15-40%, cooling to 20-30 DEG C after interval microwave heating, washing with ethanol, and drying at 30-65 DEG C after suction filtration. The method for preparing the starch stearate by using the cassava starch, disclosed by the invention, can prepare starch stearate with high degree of substitution by using the cassava starch, has low production cost and a simple process, and is environment-friendly.

The invention discloses a method for preparing high-efficiency adsorbent for dyed wastewater from discarded goat wool, and belongs to the field of bio-based adsorption materials. The discarded goat wool is treated by adopting steam flash explosion and liquid nitrogen pulverization. According to the method provided by the invention, the steam flash explosion and liquid nitrogen pulverization technology adopted by the method is a high-efficiency environmentally-friendly pretreatment method, treated goat wool powder particles have a particle size as low as 20 [mu]m and a crystallization index as low as 2.6%, an amorphous region of the goat wool powder is increased, and the adsorption of the goat wool is facilitated; when the goat wool adsorbent prepared by adopting the method adsorbs dye in the dyed wastewater, the dye removal rate can be up to 95%, and the adsorption capability can be up to 426 mg/g, so that the goat wool adsorbent is an excellent biological adsorbent; and the goat wool adsorbent prepared by adopting the method can be used for repeated adsorption-desorption cycle for 5-6 times.

The invention relates to a dyeing method for linen fabric, in particular to a dyeing method using natural pigment for cationic-modified linen fabric. The method aims at solving the problems of low coloring rate and low color fastness occurring when existing natural pigment is applied to linen fabric dyeing. The method includes the steps that firstly, the linen fabric is immersed into a cellulase solution for pretreatment with the cellulase solution; secondly, the linen fabric is subjected to retreatment with a cationic modifier solution; thirdly, a dye solution is prepared from natural pigmentdye; fourthly, the linen fabric obtained after retreatment is immersed into the dye solution for dyeing, and then dyeing of the linen fabric is completed. By means of the method, the dye uptake reaches 25%-50%, and the color fastness reaches 4-5 grade. The method is suitable for the field of printing and dyeing.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-oil-absorption material from sawdust. Fast-growing eucalyptus sawdust is used as a raw material. After activation pretreatment is carried out on sawdust fiber by the use of a stirred mil, p-methylbenzene sulfonic acid is used as a catalyst to carry out acetylization so as to obtain the sawdust high-oil-absorption material. The method is simple to operate and has a wide source of the raw material. So far, the used fast-growing eucalyptus sawdust has already been distributed in quantity in a number of provinces and cities of our country. Thus, production cost of the product can be reduced, and recycling and environmental protection of the raw material are realized. The oil-absorption material obtained can absorb multiple oils, has characteristics of high oil absorption multiple, fast oil absorption speed, good oil-water selectivity, high oil retention, reusability and the like, and can widely be used in processing pollution of oils on water surface and recycling oils in sewage.

The invention discloses a method for preparing starch octenyl succinate. The method comprises the following steps of: carrying out injection cooking on pre-emulsion comprising starch, alkali, water, octenyl succinic anhydride and a low boiling solvent to obtain cooked slurry, and carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the starch octenyl succinate. According to the method, reaction is carriedout under the condition of injection cooking and the action of high-temperature water vapor, so that intermolecular hydrogen bonds and crystal structures are rapidly destroyed; and due to the remarkable gelatinization process, starch molecular chains are sufficiently swollen, and the amorphous region of the starch is significantly increased. At the same time, the high temperature water vapor can also enable the low boiling solvent in the system to be rapidly removed; the octenyl succinic anhydride is rapidly and irregularly dispersed and separated out in the system, and is in full contact withstarch granules for reaction in the high-speed liquid flow state of an ejector, so that the octenyl succinic anhydride undergoes esterification reaction at various positions of the starch molecule, and a plurality of sites of the starch are significantly substituted; and the obtained starch octenyl succinate has relatively high substitution degree and emulsifying property.

The invention relates to a processing method for enabling cellulose fibers to achieve antibacterial functions based on a supercritical CO2 fluid technology. The processing method includes the steps: 1) pre-swelling or pretreating the cellulose fibers; 2) adding auxiliaries to increase the solubility of antibacterial drugs in supercritical CO2 and indirectly dissolving hydrophilic antibacterial drugs not easily dissolved in the supercritical CO2 by a supercritical micro-emulsion/reverse micelle method; 3) adding the antibacterial drugs into a drug tank of high pressure equipment, eliminating air, leading in the CO2, increasing pressure in a container to 8-30MPa at the temperature of 32-120 DEG C to obtain supercritical CO2 fluids, and soaking the cellulose fibers in the supercritical fluids; 4) enabling the antibacterial drugs dissolved in the supercritical CO2 to enter the pre-swelled cellulose fibers, continuously performing relative movement of the drug-loaded supercritical CO2 fluids and the cellulose fibers, and enabling the decompressed antibacterial drugs to stay in amorphous areas inside the cellulose fibers to form the drug-loaded cellulose fibers capable of realizing slowrelease.

The invention relates to a preparation method and an application of a cellulose modifier, particularly to a method for improving the hydrolytic efficiency of cellulose. The cellulose modifier of a triazine derivative is synthesized with cyanuric chloride serving as an active component and phenol, phenol-4-sulfonic acid or H acid monosodium salt serving as a functional component, and the structure of the modifier is presented through infrared spectrum and mass spectrum; and then the synthesized triazine derivative is used for modifying the cellulose and the modified microcrystalline cellulose is hydrolyzed in 8% of H2SO4 at a temperature of 130 DEG C for 5h. The result proves that when the relative mole content (by glucose ring) of the modifier is 16.67%, the yield of reducing sugar through hydrolysis of the cellulose is 23.54% maximally. Modification enables the crystalline structure of the microcrystalline cellulose to change through analysis of a wide angle X-ray diffraction pattern, amorphous regions are added, the crystallographic index is declined, and the grain size is reduced. The method has wide application prospect in hydrolysis of the cellulose.

The invention discloses a biopolymer fiber and a processing technology thereof. The biopolymer fiber is prepared from biopolymer polyester chips and cellulose nanocrystals by blend melt spinning. Interaction of biopolymer polyester chip molecules is enhanced by association hydrogen bonds formed among the cellulose nanocrystals and the biopolymer polyester chips, connecting bridges among biopolymerpolyester chip macromolecules are formed, relative slip of biopolymer polyester chip macromolecular chains is inhibited, so that the breaking strength of the biopolymer fiber is improved. As bio-based mixed polyols contain a large quantity of hydroxide radicals, hydrophilic groups are introduced into the prepared biopolymer polyester chip macromolecular chains, the hydrophilic performance of thebiopolymer polyester chips is improved, and hygroscopicity of the biopolymer fiber is improved. Experimental results indicate that the prepared biopolymer fiber has higher breaking strength, good toughness and mechanical performance and excellent hygroscopicity.

The invention discloses a supercritical CO2 fluid flash explosion treatment method for natural fibers and products of the natural fibers. The method comprises the following steps of filling dry natural fibers or natural fiber products into a flash explosion treatment unit according to a predetermined form, and transferring the flash explosion treatment unit into a flash explosion treatment device;connecting the flash explosion treatment device with a CO2 medium device, filling a CO2 medium into the flash explosion treatment device, and heating at the same time; when the modification treatmenttemperature and the modification treatment pressure in the flash explosion treatment device reach preset values, sequentially treating predetermined modification treatment time according to fluid circulation and fluid standing, and enabling the fluid to uniformly and sufficiently enter and to be distributed in the fiber inner phase; performing rapid pressure relief or instantaneous pressure relief on the flash explosion treatment device within the flash explosion time, and reducing the pressure in the flash explosion treatment device to the atmospheric pressure, thereby realizing flash explosion treatment of the dry natural fibers or the natural fiber products. The method is convenient to operate, simple in process, short in technological process, free of wastewater pollution and high intreatment efficiency.

The invention relates to a supercritical CO2 fluid technique based processing method for endowing cellulose fibers with a skin whitening function. The method includes: 1) subjecting the cellulose fibers to pre-swelling or pretreatment; 2) adding auxiliary agents to increase solubility of skin whitening agents in supercritical CO2, adopting a supercritical microemulsion/reversed micelle method forindirectly dissolving hydrophilic skin whitening agents hardly dissoluble in supercritical CO2 into the supercritical CO2; 3) adding the skin whitening agents into an agent groove of high-pressure equipment, vacuumizing, feeding into CO2, raising the internal pressure of a vessel to 8-30MPa at 32-120 DEG C to obtain supercritical CO2 fluid, and soaking the cellulose fibers into the supercritical CO2; 4) enabling the skin whitening agents dissolved in the supercritical CO2 to enter the pre-swelled cellulose fibers, wherein the agent-carrying supercritical CO2 fluid and the cellulose fibers havecontinuous relative movement, and the anti-oxidation agents stay in amorphous regions of the cellulose fibers after pressure relief and form controlled-release agent-carrying cellulose fibers.

The invention discloses an octenyl succinic starch ester preparation method. The method includes: (1) subjecting alkaline dispersion liquid of starch and oil solution of octenyl succinic anhydride tojet cooking to obtain cooking liquor, or subjecting alkaline mixed liquid containing starch, octenyl succinic anhydride, water and grease to jet cooking to obtain cooling liquor; (2) standing the cooking liquor obtained in the step (1) to realize layering, taking lower emulsion, performing enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis liquid, and subjecting the enzymolysis liquid to aftertreatment to obtain octenyl succinic starch ester. The preparation method is simple and efficient, and high replacement rate of the obtained octenyl succinic starch ester is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile, discloses a fabric production process, and aims to change an existing production process of white jeans and garment dyed fabric, improve the quality of the fabric and increase the style and function selectivity of the fabric. The fabric production process comprises the following steps of S1, spinning; S2, singeing and mercerizing of warp yarn; S3, spooling; S4, warping; S5, sizing; S6, weaving; S7, stentering; and S8, finished product obtaining. The step S2 specifically comprises the following sub-steps of S21, enabling single yarn to penetrate through a burner of a singeing machine in the warp direction, and burning off fuzz on the surface of the yarn; and S22, performing mercerizing treatment. According to the process, the dyeing yield of a finished product can be improved, and the finished product is glossy in surface, good in hand feeling and better in overall size stability.

The invention discloses a high-melting-point biodegradable copolyester and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps: subjecting terephthalic acid, butanediol, polyethylene glycol and a catalyst to reaction for 4-6 h under the vacuum conditions of 200-220 DEG C and 60-80 KPa so as to obtain a reactant A; reacting adipic acid, isophthalic acid, butanediol and a catalyst for 4-6 hours under the vacuum conditions of 160-180 DEG C and 60-80 KPa to obtain a reactant B; and reacting the reactant A and the reactant B at 230-245 DEG C under the vacuum condition of less than 100 Pa for 4-5 hours to obtain the copolyester. The copolyester can effectively solve the problem of poor temperature resistance of the existing copolyester.