The invention relates to a carbon-based aqueous composite coating material, which is prepared from the following raw materials: sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, anhydrous sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium dialkyl sulfonate and an anticorrosive coating material. According to the present invention, six carbon nanometer fillers are added to an industrial aqueous anticorrosive coating material by using a solution blending method, high-speed stirring and ultrasonic dispersion treatment are performed to prepare a composite coating material, the infrared spectrum of the composite coating material is tested, the components of the composite coating material are analyzed, an aluminum foil is coated with the composite coating material to prepare a coating, the surface morphology and the cross-section morphology of the coating are characterized by a scanning electron microscopy, the surface wettability and the corrosion resistance are tested, and the infrared spectrum shows that the group structure of the coating material cannot be changed by adding a small amount of the carbon nanometer fillers, wherein the carbon nano-tube content before the oxidation is 0.2 wt%, the content of theother carbon fillers is 0.4 wt%, and the corrosion resistance of each composite coating is optimal.