The invention provides a method for producing RE510L steel of a thin specification based on an ESP sheet billet continuous coasting and rolling procedure. The method includes the steps that raw materials are selected, and the raw materials comprise, in percentage by mass, 0.03-0.07% of C, 0.10-0.40% of Si, 0.90-1.40% of Mn, 0.02-0.04% of Als, 0.008-0.020% of Ti, 0.01-0.03% of Nb, less than or equal to 0.0030% of S, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.004% of N and the balance Fe elements; the raw materials are subjected to converter smelting and LF furnace and RH furnace refining; molten steel formed through RH furnace refining generates hot rolling strip steel of different thicknesses through an ESP production line; in the ESP production line, the rough rolling outlet temperature is 920-980 DEG C, the finish rolling outlet temperature is 800-870 DEG C; the hot rolling strip steel is cooled in a front segment laminar flow cooling manner, and the hot rolling strip steel is cooled to 550-620 DEG C and then enters a recoiling machine to be coiled into coiled strip steel; and after the coiled strip steel is cooled, leveling, coiling and entering warehouse are performed by adopting the leveling quantity of 1-2.0%. By means of the method, problems that traditional hot rolling is high in cost, energy consumption is large and the like are solved.