An underwater short-distance high-speed wireless optical information transparent transmission device comprises a transmitting module and a receiving module, wherein the transmitting module sequentially comprises an LED modulation drive circuit, a blue-green mixed LED array, a transmitting light path, a beam expanding mirror and a homogenizing piece in the direction of an electrical signal to be transmitted, and the receiving module sequentially comprises a large-view-field receiving light path, a light filter, a Fresnel lens, a photoelectric detector and a photoelectric detection conditioning circuit. The underwater short-distance high-speed information transparent transmission problem can be solved, the lake, river and ocean environment application requirements are met, and the underwater short-distance high-speed wireless optical information transparent transmission device is especially suitable for connection of multiple sensors at deep position under the ocean, underwater data collection, ROV data interaction and continuous communication occasions for water surface platforms and underwater devices and has important significance in the ocean application field.