The invention discloses a pressure wave generator, a data transmission system, a control method and an encoding method, and belongs to the technical field of industrial field communication. The pressure wave generator comprises a shell assembly, a rotor assembly and a stator assembly, the rotor assembly and the stator assembly are installed in the shell assembly, the shell assembly comprises a suspension guide cylinder and a compression-resistant sealing cylinder, and the stator assembly comprises a motor bin, a stator motor, a coupler, a lead screw and a stator. The motor bin is installed inthe suspension guide cylinder, the stator motor is connected with the upper end of the lead screw through the coupler, and the stator is connected with the lead screw and is driven by the stator motorto move up and down. The data transmission system comprises a pipeline, a downstream container installed on the downstream portion of the pipeline, an upstream container installed on the upstream portion of the pipeline, a monitoring instrument installed on the pipeline, a pressure wave modulator and a signal detecting and decoding device. The plugging removal device has the plugging removal capability, the fault-free working time is effectively prolonged, and the production efficiency under severe working conditions is improved.