The invention relates to an interferometry measurement system of micro-displacement based on cat eye reflecting principle, and belongs to the technical field of geometric measurement. The interferometry measurement system is characterized by applying cat eye reflecting principle into interferometry measurement of micro-displacement, providing a displacement measuring error correcting mathematical model introduced by cat eye reflector, and adopting a balanced double-optical-path optical system structure to improve disturbance-resisting capacity of the system. The error correction method is capable of reducing measuring error made by the cat eye reflector to manometer level. Hardware of the interferometry measurement system is composed of a stable frequency laser light source, a polarizing beamsplitting mirror, a lens-reflector cat eye reflector, a cube-corner prism, a wave plate, a polarizing film, necessary reflector and rectangular prism and photoelectric receiver. The system has the advantages of high measuring resolving power, strong disturbance-resisting capacity, non-contact measurement and the like, is used for solving the problem that interferometry measurement of micro-displacement cannot be conducted when the cube-corner prism is not used, and has significant popularization and application values in the measurement fields of micro-displacement, micro-vibration, thermal expansion parameter and the like.