The invention relates to a graphite flotation treatment process which comprises the following steps: S1, mixed-mesh roughing; S101, crushing; S102, primary separation; and S103, secondary separation. S2, large scale selection, S201, primary selection of large scales, S202, primary grinding of large scales, S203, secondary selection of large scales, S204, secondary grinding of large scales and S205, tertiary selection of large scales; s3, fine scale selection, S301, primary fine scale selection, S302, primary fine scale grinding, S303, secondary fine scale selection, S304, secondary fine scale grinding and S305, tertiary fine scale selection. The invention discloses a device for a graphite flotation treatment process. The device comprises a grading flotation device, a flotation machine and a flotation column. The invention aims to solve or at least alleviate the problem that a traditional multi-section grinding and floating lengthy process cannot well protect large scales and improve the selectivity of fine scales, and provides a graphite flotation treatment process and device.