The application discloses a rotary drilling rig multistage dynamic verticality control device, which comprises a high-precision
inclinometer, a
drill rod verticality real-time monitoring mechanism, a hydraulic adjusting sliding frame, a power head and a self-adaptive controller; four directionally arranged through holes are reserved in the
drill rod, and one set of
drill rod verticality real-time monitoring mechanism is arranged in each through hole. The self-adaptive controller is electrically connected with the drill rod verticality real-time monitoring mechanism, the high-precision
inclinometer and the hydraulic adjusting sliding frame; the self-adaptive controller controls the hydraulic adjusting sliding frame to adjust the power head according to the inclination of the
drill bit top plane measured by the high-precision
inclinometer, so that the drill rod is coarsely leveled; the self-adaptive controller controls the hydraulic adjusting sliding frame to adjust the power head according to the inclination of the
drill bit top plane measured by the high-precision inclinometer, so that the drill rod is coarsely leveled; and the self-adaptive controller controls the hydraulic adjusting sliding frame to adjust the power head according to the detection distance L and the initial detection distance L0, so that the drill rod is finely leveled.