The invention relates to a low furnace pressure convective continuous roller hearth type annealing furnace, which comprises a charging magazine, a heating chamber, a strong cooling chamber and a roller way driving system, wherein an internal circulation draught fan and a plurality of heating elements are arranged in the heating chamber, both an air inlet and an air outlet of the internal circulation draught fan are located in a furnace body of the heating chamber, the air inlet is vertical to the plane of a roller way, the air outlet is parallel to the plane of the roller way, an external circulation draught fan, a heat exchanger and a baffle plate are arranged in the strong cooling chamber, the baffle plate is located in the middle portion of the furnace body of the strong cooling chamber, the roller way is located between the heat exchanger and the baffle plate, an upper opening and a lower opening are respectively opened on the top and the bottom of the furnace body of the strong cooling chamber, the air inlet of the external circulation draught fan is communicated with the upper opening, the air outlet of the external circulation draught fan is connected with the lower opening through a connecting pipe which is arranged outside the strong cooling chamber, the complex number of nozzles are evenly distributed on the baffle plate, and the upper portion and the lower portion of the furnace body of the strong cooling chamber are communicated only through a complex number of nozzles. The annealing furnace of the invention has the advantages of even heating, rapid cooling, high efficiency and the like.