38results about How to "Realize cost savings and efficiency gains" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation and particularly relates to an entire-process-mechanized medium-low-stubble cultivation method for ratooning rice. The method comprisesthe steps: A. variety selection; B. rice seedling raising bed soil preparation; C. rice seedling bed preparation; D. timely early-sowing; E. sowing and machine-transplant rice seedling raising; F. land preparation and furrowing; G. rational close planting; H. fertilizer application; I. moisture management; J. 90%-yellow reaping and reasonable stubble reserving; K. disease and insect pest control;and L. ratooning rice reaping. Through applying the method to ratooning rice production, the ripening stage difference between an entire-process-mechanized ratooning rice rolling region and a non-rolling-region is shortened to about 10 days, the germination of axillary buds is promoted, the yield and rice quality of the ratooning rice are improved, the labor intensity and labor input are greatlylowered, the cost reducing and synergistic effects are obvious, and the production increase and income increase of farmers are promoted.

The invention discloses a method for planting dry-land Brassica napus by using mulching film corn residual films, which is characterized in that the residual films are reserved after mulching film corns are harvested, and the Brassica napus is dibbled by using broken films according to the original specifications, i.e. the ridge width being 1.0m to 1.2m and the ridge spacing being 0.3m to 0.5m, the row spacing being 20cm to 23cm, the plant spacing being 25cm to 30cm, 0.2kg to 0.3kg of seeds per mu land and 5 to 8 grains per pit; when 3 to 5 main leaves grow from the Brassica napus, final singling of seedlings is completed at one step, two seedlings per pit are left and the density is controlled to be 18000 to 20000 plants per mu; and when 6 to 8 main leaves grow from the Brassica napus, the residual films are uncovered, intertillage soil loosing is conducted in combination with application of 8kg to 10kg of urea to promote the seedlings and the soil among ridges is lifted up to the ridges for planting the Brassica napus. By reusing the residual films, the method effectively solves the problems of insufficient soil moisture, low ground temperature, uneven emerged seedlings, poor seedling growth and high field management labor input from the sowing to the stage of the dry-land Brassica napus with 8 main leaves, realizes the tillage-free and drought-resistant cultivation of the Brassica napus, and achieves the goals of cultivating strong seedlings, saving the cost and increasing the efficiency during Brassica napus production.

The invention discloses a planting method for interplanting pea before sowing of sunflower. The planting method mainly includes: when fertilizing and mulching a land block where sunflower is prepared to be planted in early spring, planting pea on line space films reserved for sunflower at planting time about 20th March; watering the pea for the first time in early May, and combining watering with fertilizing; planting sunflower in reserved lines at the time from the end of May to the beginning of June; harvesting pea at the beginning of July, wherein yield of pea per mu is about 200kg generally, and yield of sunflower is not reduced basically and can reach about 250kg. High-efficiency three-dimensional planting technology is developed according to the circumstance that a Hetao irrigation area is sufficient for one crop and insufficient for two crops, and has the advantages that light, heat and soil resources are utilized fully, one-season two-harvest is realized, ground surface exposure is reduced, and sand storm is prevented. The planting method has double effects of increasing yield and income and protecting ecological environment of farmland and is high in practicability and wide in application prospect.

The invention discloses a simplified high-yield cultivation method of summer sowing short-season cotton. The simplified high-yield cultivation method comprises the steps of seed selection, agricultural implements preparation, fertilizer application, sowing, final singling in good time, disease pest and weed control, chemical regulation and tip pruning, and ripening and harvesting, the agricultural implements are maintained before sowing, plate stubble direct seeding is carried out after harvesting wheat, base fertilizer is applied along with sowing when mechanical sowing is carried out, early sowing, full stand and strong seedlings are achieved, and final singling is carried out in good time. According to the simplified high-yield cultivation method of summer sowing short-season cotton, compared with a conventional spring cotton plantation technology, planting density of the summer sowing short-season cotton is three times of that of conventional spring sowing cotton, the summer sowing short-season cotton is planted in a manner of yielding two crops a year, full mechanical operation can be achieved, labor, time and pesticides are saved, growth time is saved by one third, cost is saved by 1000-2000 yuan, willingness of farmers to plant the summer sowing short-season cotton is largely motivated, the problem of conflict between grain and cotton is also solved, planting benefits are largely increased, the national grain safety production strategy is not influenced, and production, consumption and reserve of the cotton are also ensured.

The invention discloses a high-quality and high-yield fertilization method for continuous-cropping planting of watermelon in a greenhouse. The high-quality and high-yield fertilization method comprises the following steps: (1), applying a high-concentration balanced humic acid complex organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, a high-concentration high-potassium humic acid complex organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and a humic acid trace element organic fertilizer at the bottom; (2), topdressing by using a high-concentration high-nitrogen humic acid complex organic-inorganic compound fertilizerin a vine climbing period of the watermelon; (3), after young watermelons are stably set, topdressing by using the high-concentration high-potassium humic acid complex organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. By the high-quality and high-yield fertilization method, a bottom fertilizer is high in humic acid content and large in using amount, a root system of the watermelon is developed and not prosperous, a foliar fertilizer is not required to be sprayed, the yield of the watermelon is 8000kg per mu (a Chinese area unit), the sugar content of the watermelon is 15-30% higher than that of graftedwatermelon, the soil structure is effectively improved and the ecological functions of soil are optimized and improved; the number of topdressings and the number of pesticide applications are reducedwhile high yield is achieved, so that the goal of simplifying the farming operation is achieved, cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved, environmental threat caused by unreasonable application of the fertilizer is reduced and a guarantee is provided for income increase of grain farmers and sustainable agricultural development.

The invention discloses a method for planting dry-land Brassica napus by using mulching film corn residual films, which is characterized in that the residual films are reserved after mulching film corns are harvested, and the Brassica napus is dibbled by using broken films according to the original specifications, i.e. the ridge width being 1.0m to 1.2m and the ridge spacing being 0.3m to 0.5m, the row spacing being 20cm to 23cm, the plant spacing being 25cm to 30cm, 0.2kg to 0.3kg of seeds per mu land and 5 to 8 grains per pit; when 3 to 5 main leaves grow from the Brassica napus, final singling of seedlings is completed at one step, two seedlings per pit are left and the density is controlled to be 18000 to 20000 plants per mu; and when 6 to 8 main leaves grow from the Brassica napus, the residual films are uncovered, intertillage soil loosing is conducted in combination with application of 8kg to 10kg of urea to promote the seedlings and the soil among ridges is lifted up to the ridges for planting the Brassica napus. By reusing the residual films, the method effectively solves the problems of insufficient soil moisture, low ground temperature, uneven emerged seedlings, poor seedling growth and high field management labor input from the sowing to the stage of the dry-land Brassica napus with 8 main leaves, realizes the tillage-free and drought-resistant cultivation of the Brassica napus, and achieves the goals of cultivating strong seedlings, saving the cost and increasing the efficiency during Brassica napus production.

The invention provides a method for improving the uniformity of a rice machine-transplanted population, and belongs to the technical field of rice planting. The method for improving the uniformity ofthe rice machine-transplanted population comprises the steps of directional, quantitative and positioning sowing and machine-transplanted quantitative and positioning seedling taking. According to themethod, a sowing mode of directional, quantitative and positioning sowing is utilized, a corresponding machine-transplanted seedling taking mode is matched, the problems that the number of traditional machine-transplanted seedlings is not uniform, and the seedling leakage rate is high are solved, uniform machine transplanting is achieved, and the uniformity of the rice population is improved; andmeanwhile, the sowing amount under the target machine-transplanted seedling number and the cost of hybrid rice machine-transplanted seeds are reduced, the yield of hybrid rice is increased, and the yield and efficiency of hybrid rice production are increased.

The invention discloses long-acting and quick-acting combined special compound fertilizer for fruits and vegetables in South China. The long-acting and quick-acting combined special compound fertilizer is prepared from, by weight, 7.0-7.5 parts of nitrate nitrogen, 7.5-8.0 parts of ammonium nitrogen, 7 parts of P2O5 and 21 parts of K2O. 2-chlorine-6-nitrapyrin serves as nitrification inhibitor, and the additive amount of 2-chlorine-6-nitrapyrin accounts for 0.5% to 1.0% of ammonium nitrogen. The nitrification inhibitor is used for prolonging the fertilizer efficiency of ammonium nitrogen, a nitrate nitrogen source is mixed and added, the needs of the fruits and vegetables for nitrogen nutrition of different forms can be met, yield increasing and quality improving are achieved, long acting and quick acting can be combined, the nitrogen use efficiency can be improved, and nitrate elution can be reduced. The long-acting and quick-acting combined special compound fertilizer is suitable for South China and other areas with high rainfall capacity, can be used as base fertilizer, can also be applied for topdressing, and has high economic, social and ecological benefits.

The invention discloses wheat or corn bottom application fertilizers and fertilizing methods thereof. A wheat bottom application fertilizer comprises the following active ingredients in percentage by weight: 15-18% of nitrogen, 18-21% of phosphorus pentoxide, 10-13% of potassium oxide, and 6-7% of a soil structure conditioner; a corn bottom application fertilizer comprises the following active ingredients in percentage by weight: 8-10% of nitrogen, 15-17% of phosphorus pentoxide, 18-20% of potassium oxide, and 5-7% of a soil structure conditioner; and the sum of the weight percentages of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is more than or equal to 40%. Before wheat sowing, the wheat bottom application fertilizer is applied in combination with soil preparation, and urea is top-dressed in the shooting period and the heading period; and the corn bottom application fertilizer is applied during corn sowing, and urea is top-dressed with water in the flare opening period and the postulation period. The wheat or corn bottom application fertilizers disclosed by the invention can improve the soil structure, promote the crop growth, reduce the dosage of chemical fertilizers, and increase the yield.

The invention discloses a fertilizer containing button mushroom dregs. The fertilizer is prepared by taking waste button mushroom dregs as main raw material combined with a certain quantity of inorganic chemical fertilizers. By performing secondary utilization on the waste button mushroom dregs serving as a fertilizer resource, the organic fertilizer with comprehensive nutrition, safety and low cost can be simply and conveniently produced so as to cyclically utilize agricultural resources, save energy, reduce emission, saving cost and improving efficiency for agricultural development.

The invention discloses a method for improving a soda saline-alkali land by a wolfberry ecological forest, and relates to a method for improving the soda saline-alkali land. The method is to solve thetechnical problem that the existing method for improving the soda alkali land uses a modifier with a high application amount, as a result, the cost is high and water resources are wasted. The methodis as follows: 1, land selection; 2, deep-loosening and soil preparation; 3, seedling belt ditching; 4, wolfberry planting; 5, water and fertilizer management; 6, shaping and trimming; 7, prevention and treatment of diseases and insect pests and weeds; and 8, fruit picking. The method of the invention does not use a chemical modifier, the initial land development cost is reduced, cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing are realized, the operation method is simple and convenient, and the important technical support can be provided for the sustainable production and utilization of the soda saline-alkali land. After improvement by using the method of the invention, the pH value of a saline-alkali land with a pH value of 9.25-9.56 and a salt content of 0.3%-0.5% can be reduced to 8.65, and a desalination rate can reach 35.8%. The invention belongs to the field of saline-alkali land improvement.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton planting, and provides a forage type low-gossypol cotton planting and mowing method. According to the present invention, the results of the fieldexperiments in the cotton areas of the middle and south area of Hebei province determine that the optimal planting density is 8000 plants / mu, the mowing period is from the flowering and boll-formingstage to the boll opening stage, the mowing period is divided in five mowing, the mowing position is the top third leaf, more than 3000 kg of fresh low-gossypol cotton branches and leaves can be harvested per mu according to the planting method, and the branches, the leaves and the stems of the mowed low-gossypol cotton can be directly fed to cattle and sheep after being crushed; the invention further provides a supporting technical measure adopted in a forage type low-gossypol cotton planting process, wherein the supporting technical measure comprises: land preparation, base fertilizer treatment, variety selection, rogueing, special cultivation management and the like; and through the scientific and reasonable planting and mowing method, the problem of poor palatability in the applicationof the branches, the leaves and the stems of the low-gossypol cotton planted by using the prior art as the feed is solved, the utilization value of the low-gossypol cotton branch-leaf-stem is effectively improved, and the new cotton planting utilization mode mainly as the feed is created.

The invention discloses a high-quality, high-yield fertilization method for repeated planting of watermelons in greenhouses, comprising (1) bottom application of high-concentration balanced humic acid complexed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, high-concentration and high-potassium humic acid complexed organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and Humic acid trace element organic fertilizer, (2) topdressing high-concentration and high-nitrogen humic acid complex organic-inorganic compound fertilizer during watermelon climbing period, (3) topdressing high-concentration and high-potassium humic acid after the young watermelon sits stably Complex organic and inorganic compound fertilizer. The content of humic acid in the bottom application fertilizer of the present invention is high and the dosage is large, the root system of watermelon is well developed and does not grow vigorously, no need to spray foliar fertilizer, the yield of watermelon per mu reaches 8000 kg, the sugar content is 15-30% higher than that of grafted watermelon, and the soil structure is improved. Effective improvement, the soil ecological function has been optimized and improved; while achieving high yields, the number of times of topdressing and pesticide spraying has been reduced, the purpose of simplifying agricultural operations has been achieved, cost saving and efficiency increase have been achieved, and the environmental threat of unreasonable application of fertilizers has been reduced. Increased food and agricultural income and sustainable agricultural development provide a guarantee.

The invention relates to the technical field of the water-retention fertilizer-conservation cultivation for the drought-resistant forestation of the agriculture and forestry, and concretely relates to a bentonite and fungal dreg compounded water-retention fertilizer-conservation cultivation matrix and its preparation method. The matrix comprises 30-40 parts of bentonite, 60-70 parts of fungal dreg and 0.1-0.5 parts of a composite fertilizer. The preparation method of the matrix comprises the following steps: selecting new waste fungal bags after the edible fungus plantation, carrying out bag removal treatment, crushing, and adding a composite microbial agent and urea to guarantee the C:N ratio of 20; fully and uniformly mixing the above raw materials, adjusting the water content to 60%, composting the fungal dreg, and storing the obtained compost in a ventilation and rain exposing prevention device for the decrease of the water content to 20%; and uniformly mixing the fungal dreg with bentonite and the composite fertilizer, and crushing to prepare the water-retention fertilizer-conservation cultivation matrix. The matrix has the advantages of abundant sources and low costs of raw materials, wide distribution and low cost of a bentonite mineral resource, large output and easy obtaining of the waste fungal dreg, simple making method, and no pollution to the environment.

The invention discloses a no-tillage cultivation method for fully biodegradable mulch film and annual straw covering of dryland wheat, and specifically belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. For the first crop, fully biodegradable mulch was used for full-film covering soil hole planting, and the film was left behind for no-tillage. The residual film was covered with straw, and the next crop was sown in a timely manner; The residual film is turned over and pressed into the field, so that the straw and residual film can be completely degraded in the soil. Hole planting with full biodegradable mulch and soil covering the first crop can increase the yield of the first crop of wheat, and the dual mulching of residual film and straw during the fallow period and the second crop can not only meet the water demand of the second crop of wheat and ensure the stable yield of the second crop of wheat, but also The dual mulching of residual film and straw can effectively promote the degradation of residual film, and the measure of straw mulching can also increase the content of soil organic carbon and improve soil physical and chemical properties; Save money and increase efficiency.

The invention discloses a planting method for interplanting pea before sowing of sunflower. The planting method mainly includes: when fertilizing and mulching a land block where sunflower is prepared to be planted in early spring, planting pea on line space films reserved for sunflower at planting time about 20th March; watering the pea for the first time in early May, and combining watering with fertilizing; planting sunflower in reserved lines at the time from the end of May to the beginning of June; harvesting pea at the beginning of July, wherein yield of pea per mu is about 200kg generally, and yield of sunflower is not reduced basically and can reach about 250kg. High-efficiency three-dimensional planting technology is developed according to the circumstance that a Hetao irrigation area is sufficient for one crop and insufficient for two crops, and has the advantages that light, heat and soil resources are utilized fully, one-season two-harvest is realized, ground surface exposure is reduced, and sand storm is prevented. The planting method has double effects of increasing yield and income and protecting ecological environment of farmland and is high in practicability and wide in application prospect.