The invention relates to a surface grinding machine with a dust removing function and high machining precision. The surface grinding machine comprises a base, a platform and a polishing device, and further comprises a clamping mechanism and a dust removing mechanism; the dust removing mechanism comprises a dustproof cover, a driving module, a driving block, a fan, a nozzle, a dust collecting box,a pipe, a filter screen and an exhaust pump; the clamping mechanism comprises two guide rails and two fixing modules; the fixing modules comprise support plates, cylinders, clamping plates, two slidesleeves, two slide rods, two springs and two limiting blocks; and the driving module comprises a motor, a lead screw and two mounting bearings. In the surface grinding machine with the dust removing function and high machining precision, the workpiece clamping firmness is improved through the clamping mechanism; meanwhile, the workpiece wear probability is reduced; the machining effect of the surface grinding machine is improved; and the dust removing mechanism can absorb dust generated in the machining process of the surface grinding machine, so that the environmental protection performance of the dust removing mechanism is improved.