The invention discloses an ultraviolet light-emitting diode with an electron deceleration layer structure. The light-emitting diode sequentially comprises a substrate, an AlN nucleating layer, an AlN buffer layer, a non-doped AlGaN buffer layer, an n-type AlGaN layer, a B(Al, Ga)N electron deceleration layer, an Al<x>Ga<1-x>N/Al<y>Ga<1-y>N multi-quantum well active region, a p-type AlGaN layer and a p-type GaN ohmic contact layer from bottom to top. Compared with the Al<x>Ga<1-x>N/Al<y>Ga<1-y>N heterojunction, the B(Al, Ga)N/AlGaN heterojunction has a larger conduction band offset and valence band offset ratio, so that the rate of electrons entering the active region from the n-type region can be limited more effectively. Secondly, a traditional p-type doped electron barrier layer is removed, the efficiency of hole injection into an active region can be improved, and the radiation recombination efficiency of electron holes in the active region is improved. Besides, polarized charges can be generated at the two ends of the B(Al, Ga)N electron deceleration layer, a polarized electric field with the same electron migration direction can be formed, and the migration rate of electrons entering an active region from an n-type region can be reduced, so that the electron capture efficiency of the quantum well is improved, the radiation recombination probability of the electrons and holes in the quantum well is increased, and the light emitting efficiency of the UV-LED is improved.