39results about How to "Solve saturation" patented technology

The invention discloses a portable lossless measuring device of plant nutrient components and a measuring method thereof; the measuring device comprises a monochromatic source, a photoelectric detector, a light source driving circuit, a signal conditioning circuit and a microcontroller system, and the monochromatic source and the photoelectric detector form an integral vane gripper that is respectively connected with the light source driving circuit and the signal conditioning circuit through electric cables, thus not only reducing light energy loss and raising signal-to-noise ratio, but also simplifying the measuring device and leading the sampling of the gripper to be flexible and convenient; the light source driving circuit mainly comprises a voltage regulating chip, a sampling resistance, a triode and an analog switch and realizes constant-current driving of the monochromatic source and programmed adjustment of current value, thus not only improving light source stability, but also effectively solving the saturation problem of the photoelectric detector, leading the photoelectric detector to work in the best detection range, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and raising measuring precision; furthermore, the measuring device has additional measurement and deduction of dark noise in the measuring process, thus improving the measuring precision of the plant nutrient components.

The invention discloses a reusable vehicle reentry section robust fault-tolerant guidance system and a working method, relates to the technical field of aerospace, can avoid the problems of partial failure, saturation and uncertainty of an actuator control surface in a reusable vehicle reentry gliding process, and has good robust fault-tolerant performance and control precision. According to the system and method, a nonlinear disturbance observer of an attitude angle loop and an angular rate loop and an improved prediction correction guidance law are adopted, the observer is based on the principle of a fast arc tangent tracking differentiator, and the prediction correction guidance law introduces a gain compensation term into a quasi-balanced gliding condition. Besides, an anti-saturationauxiliary structure suitable for a multiple-input-multiple-output system is adopted, variables in the auxiliary structure are introduced into a backstepping method to design a robust fault-tolerant control strategy, and finally closed-loop stability of the system is guaranteed through a Lyapunov method.

The invention discloses a CDI (Capacitive Deionization) based compound type constructed wetland desalination system. The technical scheme of the invention is that a pretreatment system in the compounded type constructed wetland desalination system is connected with a compound vertical flow constructed wetland system by virtue of a pipeline. The pretreatment system is that: the water inlet and the water outlet of a grille (22) are communicated with the water inlet of a corresponding first pressure pump (23) and the water inlet of a CDI device (3) by virtue of pipelines, andthe water outlet of the CDI device (3) is communicated with the water inlet of a compound vertical flow constructed wetland and the water inlet of a salt drying plate (9) respectively through pipelines.A bottom impervious layer (18) of the compound vertical flow constructed wetland system is sequentially provided with a gravel layer (17), a biological ceramisite layer (13), a zeolite layer (12) and a soil layer (11) upwards, the constructedwetland is uniformly separated into 2n+1 vertical flow treatment tanks (7)along the left and right direction, and the tops and the bottoms of the vertical flow treatment tanksare communicated with one another in a staggered manner. The CDI based compound type constructed wetland desalination system disclosed by the invention is environmentallyfriendly, can effectively solve the problem of clogging and saturation of the soil layer of the wetland, and is good in nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect and desalination effect.

A transmission control system for a hybrid vehicle is comprised of a hybrid transmission including two motor/generators and a controller connected to the hybrid transmission. The controller is arranged to change the torque control of the motor/generator under the torque control to the revolution speed control and to change the revolution speed control of the other motor/generator under the revolution speed control to the torque control, when one of the torque of the motor/generator under the revolution speed control and the revolution speed of the motor/generator under the torque control becomes saturated.

The invention relates to a proportion guide law recognition filtering method. The invention aims at solving problems that a conventional MMAE filer supposes that a model is not accurate because a PN guide law navigation constant is known and does not give consideration to the saturation condition of a pursuer controller, and the estimation precision is low. The method comprises the steps: firstly building state equations of PN guide law saturation and motion models in pitching and yam planes; secondly calculating a system state transfer matrix and designing a Kalman filter equation; thirdly calculating the posterior probabilities of the PN guide law motion and saturation motion models of a pursuer at the current moment; finally calculating the switching moment of the pursuer motion model according to the posterior probabilities, employing the estimation result of the saturation motion model Kalman filter equation, or else, employing the estimation result of a PN guide law motion Kalman filter equation. The method is suitable for the field of spaceflight.

The invention discloses a magnetic field aggregation component and a non-contact leakage current measurement device and method. The magnetic field aggregation component comprises at least two concentrically arranged magnetic field concentrators, wherein longitudinal air gaps are arranged in the magnetic field concentrators, a transverse air gap is arranged between two adjacent magnetic field concentrators, and a magnetic sensor is placed in the transverse air gap. The magnetic field aggregation component of the invention adopts four air gap structures, so that the widths of the longitudinal air gaps of the magnetic field concentrators are no longer limited by the size of the magnetic field sensor; the magnetic field strength of the edges of the longitudinal air gaps is remarkably improvedthrough the minimum widths of the longitudinal air gaps; and two superimposed edge magnetic fields are simultaneously measured by the magnetic sensor located in the transverse gap, the measured magnetic field strength is much larger than the magnetic field strength of a traditional single air gap structure, a signal-to-noise ratio is improved and then the leakage current with only a few milliampsto hundreds of milliamps can be measured, and the requirement for the precision of earth leakage current measurement of power equipment is met.

The invention discloses a micro-current measurement method. At first, micro-current is modulated and amplified at a pre-amplification stage, and then, microcurrent signals are converted into micro-voltage signals; and the microcurrent signals are amplified through two stages. Each stage is provided with multi-stage amplifiers; a single-chip microcomputer controls a plurality of selective switches and makes the same switched on sequentially; multi-stage amplification signals are sent to a saturation judgment circuit; the saturation judgment circuit carries out judgment; when output signals exceed the linear range of the work of an operational amplifier for the first time, the single-chip microcomputer provides amplification stage selection signals; the current stage is switched to a lower stage; the signals at the current stage are send to the next stage; modulation switches carry out sampling holding on the amplified voltage signals; system error is removed through a differential circuit; and voltage signals which are in direct proportion to the measured microcurrent are outputted. According to the microcurrent measurement method of the invention, switching modulation, low-pass filtering, operational amplification feedback, multi-stage amplification, differencing and state distinguishing circuits are adopted to constitute the whole measurement system, and therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement system can be improved.

Novel red and green fluorosulfide phosphors have a chemical formula of (A_1-x-yCe_xB_y)SF, wherein A and B are both trivalent metal ions, 0<x≦0.1, and 0≦y≦1. A is a rare earth metal, B is a rare earth metal or a group 13 metal. A preparation method of the fluorosulfide and white-light emitting diode application thereof are also disclosed.

The invention provides a model prediction control method for real-time automatic collision avoidance of multiple ships, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, a real-time collision risk assessment model is built based on dynamic DCPA and TCPA to assess the collision risk between the ships; secondly, an international collision avoidance rule is used for judging the meeting situation of the ship and dividing the avoidance responsibility, an avoidance behavior decision is made from the two aspects of way-giving ships and direct navigation ships, and the situation that the ship does not see the rule is considered; and finally, a novel multi-ship automatic collision avoidance controller is designed by utilizing the predictive capability of model predictive control and the advantage of processing input limitation to solve the problems of large inertia, input limitation and the like in ship movement, so that the ships can take collision avoidance actions in advance and the problem of rudder angle saturation is solved. According to the method, automatic collision avoidance among multiple ships can be realized on the premise of considering international collision avoidance rules, and the problem of input saturation of rudder angles can be solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear magnetic resonance groundwater detection, in particular to a ground magnetic resonance signal rapid extraction device and method based on phase-locked amplifier technology. The ground magnetic resonance signal rapid extraction device based on the phase-locked amplifier technology comprises a receiving coil, a band-pass filter with 200Hz bandwidth and adjustable central frequency, a main control module and a signal generator, wherein the receiving coil is used for sensing a magnetic resonance signal generated by underground water; the band-pass filter with 200Hz bandwidth and adjustable central frequency can adjust the central frequency into larmor frequency through the main control module and can receive the magnetic resonance signal;the main control module controls the signal generator to generate a cosine signal with the larmor frequency, and the signal is used as a reference signal and can achieve frequency movement through anin-phase channel together with an output signal of the band-pass filter with 200Hz bandwidth and adjustable central frequency; the main control module controls the signal generator to generate a cosine signal with the larmor frequency which is then converted into a sine signal through a 90 degree phase shifter, and the signal serves as a reference signal and can achieve frequency movement througha quadrature channel together with the output signal of the band-pass filter with 200Hz bandwidth and adjustable central frequency; and rapid extraction can be realized.

The invention discloses an estimation method for equivalent rollover damping of a suspension rack of a passenger vehicle based on a genetic algorithm and belongs to the field of vehicle dynamics modeling and parameter estimation thereof. The method comprises the specific steps that (1) a passenger vehicle rollover dynamics model is established; (2) according to the passenger vehicle dynamics model, an initial population of an equivalent rollover damping parameter of the suspension rack of the passenger vehicle is established; (3) an output parameter of the passenger vehicle is selected as a state response variable, a fitness function is defined, and a reference value of the fitness function is set; (4) selection, cross and variation operations are conducted, an operated result is fed backto the dynamics model, whether or not a condition is met is judged through the fitness function, and an estimation value of equivalent rollover damping of the passenger vehicle is obtained after circulative iteration. According to the estimation method, the problems of large transient-state parameter change and difficult accurate estimation of the passenger vehicle are solved, and the operation efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a saturated PD type sliding mode control method and system of a four-degree-of-freedom tower crane system. The method comprises the following steps that parameter data of the four-degree-of-freedom tower crane system are acquired; a positioning error vector is obtained according to the obtained parameter data; by means of the obtained positioning error vector and a load swing angle, according to a PD type sliding mode control model constructed by the sum of a PD linear control part, a sliding mode control part and an anti-swing control part, cantilever control torque and trolley translation force are obtained; the four-degree-of-freedom tower crane system is controlled according to the obtained cantilever control torque and trolley translation force; only the positioning error, the time derivative of the positioning error and the load swing angle are needed, model parameters are irrelevant, so that the robustness of the tower crane system is greatly improved.

The invention discloses an arch-shaped self-oxygen-supply waste heat utilization type direct methanol fuel cell comprising an arch-shaped shell, a pervaporation membrane, a central reaction part, an oxygen generation cavity and a thermodynamic cycle system. The arched shell is divided into a methanol fuel cavity and a steam cavity by the pervaporation membrane; a gas buffer structure is arranged in the steam cavity; the gas buffer structure comprises a first hydrophobic fiberboard and a first hydrophilic porous board arranged at an interval with the first hydrophobic fiberboard; the central reaction part is provided with an anode flow field plate, a membrane electrode and a cathode flow field plate, the membrane electrode is located between the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate, and a second hydrophilic porous board is arranged between the anode flow field plate and the anode side of the membrane electrode; a second hydrophobic fiberboard is arranged between the cathode side of the membrane electrode and the cathode flow field plate; and the oxygen generation cavity is provided with a double-layer third hydrophobic fiberboard. The energy density of the cell iseffectively improved, and high-concentration methanol and even pure methanol supply of the cell is realized and thus the working time of the cell is prolonged.

The invention provides an energy information sensor, an energy management system and a control method thereof, a storage medium and an energy information sensor, and the energy information sensor comprises an information collection unit which is used for collecting first energy information data; a first communication unit used for receiving data processing requirements; an information processing unit used for processing the first energy information data acquired by the information acquisition unit according to the data processing requirement to obtain processing result data; and a first communication unit also used for returning the processing result data processed by the information processing unit to the energy management system. The scheme provided by the invention can simplify the data transmission quantity and improve the information transmission efficiency.

The invention provides a composite structure aircraft with tiltable rotors. A fuselage of the aircraft comprises a main wing and an empennage which are used for cruising in the air, the main wings arearranged at the middle section of the fuselage; the empennage is arranged at the tail part of the fuselage; the aircraft is further provided with a rotor wing used for providing power for the aircraft. The rotor wings comprise a first rotor wing group arranged at the fixed wing and a second rotor wing group arranged at the rear part of the fuselage; when the aircraft takes off or lands, the orientations of the rotors in the first rotor set and the second rotor set are vertical so as to provide lift force for the fuselage, and when the aircraft is in an air cruise state, the orientations of the rotors in the second rotor set are adjusted to the horizontal direction so as to provide thrust for the aircraft. According to the invention, the advantages of the fixed-wing aircraft and the rotoraircraft are well integrated, and the existing control system is improved, so that the control system has higher reliability, interference resistance and control performance.