40results about How to "Solve saturation" patented technology

The invention discloses a portable lossless measuring device of plant nutrient components and a measuring method thereof; the measuring device comprises a monochromatic source, a photoelectric detector, a light source driving circuit, a signal conditioning circuit and a microcontroller system, and the monochromatic source and the photoelectric detector form an integral vane gripper that is respectively connected with the light source driving circuit and the signal conditioning circuit through electric cables, thus not only reducing light energy loss and raising signal-to-noise ratio, but also simplifying the measuring device and leading the sampling of the gripper to be flexible and convenient; the light source driving circuit mainly comprises a voltage regulating chip, a sampling resistance, a triode and an analog switch and realizes constant-current driving of the monochromatic source and programmed adjustment of current value, thus not only improving light source stability, but also effectively solving the saturation problem of the photoelectric detector, leading the photoelectric detector to work in the best detection range, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and raising measuring precision; furthermore, the measuring device has additional measurement and deduction of dark noise in the measuring process, thus improving the measuring precision of the plant nutrient components.

The invention discloses a reusable vehicle reentry section robust fault-tolerant guidance system and a working method, relates to the technical field of aerospace, can avoid the problems of partial failure, saturation and uncertainty of an actuator control surface in a reusable vehicle reentry gliding process, and has good robust fault-tolerant performance and control precision. According to the system and method, a nonlinear disturbance observer of an attitude angle loop and an angular rate loop and an improved prediction correction guidance law are adopted, the observer is based on the principle of a fast arc tangent tracking differentiator, and the prediction correction guidance law introduces a gain compensation term into a quasi-balanced gliding condition. Besides, an anti-saturationauxiliary structure suitable for a multiple-input-multiple-output system is adopted, variables in the auxiliary structure are introduced into a backstepping method to design a robust fault-tolerant control strategy, and finally closed-loop stability of the system is guaranteed through a Lyapunov method.

The invention discloses a CDI (Capacitive Deionization) based compound type constructed wetland desalination system. The technical scheme of the invention is that a pretreatment system in the compounded type constructed wetland desalination system is connected with a compound vertical flow constructed wetland system by virtue of a pipeline. The pretreatment system is that: the water inlet and the water outlet of a grille (22) are communicated with the water inlet of a corresponding first pressure pump (23) and the water inlet of a CDI device (3) by virtue of pipelines, andthe water outlet of the CDI device (3) is communicated with the water inlet of a compound vertical flow constructed wetland and the water inlet of a salt drying plate (9) respectively through pipelines.A bottom impervious layer (18) of the compound vertical flow constructed wetland system is sequentially provided with a gravel layer (17), a biological ceramisite layer (13), a zeolite layer (12) and a soil layer (11) upwards, the constructedwetland is uniformly separated into 2n+1 vertical flow treatment tanks (7)along the left and right direction, and the tops and the bottoms of the vertical flow treatment tanksare communicated with one another in a staggered manner. The CDI based compound type constructed wetland desalination system disclosed by the invention is environmentallyfriendly, can effectively solve the problem of clogging and saturation of the soil layer of the wetland, and is good in nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect and desalination effect.

A transmission control system for a hybrid vehicle is comprised of a hybrid transmission including two motor / generators and a controller connected to the hybrid transmission. The controller is arranged to change the torque control of the motor / generator under the torque control to the revolution speed control and to change the revolution speed control of the other motor / generator under the revolution speed control to the torque control, when one of the torque of the motor / generator under the revolution speed control and the revolution speed of the motor / generator under the torque control becomes saturated.

The present invention relates to a magnetic field orienting device of an anisotropy bonded magnet or a sintered magnet, in particular to a magnetic field orienting device of the anisotropy bonded magnet or a sintered multi-pole toroidal magnet. The present invention resolves the problems that the magnetic field device of an existing toroidal magnet has complex structure, low oriented magnetic intensity and difficult acquisition of the ideal degree of orientation for anisotropic NdFeB magnetic powder. The device comprises a field coil, two magnetic poles and a cylindrical mould core that is produced with magnetic conducting material, wherein, the pole heads of the two opposite magnetic poles are provided with a homocentric half cylinder respectively, the half cylinder is homocentric with the mould core. The two magnetic poles fold and form a round type cavity, and the mold core is arranged in the center of the round type cavity. The outer surface of the mould core and the inner face of the round type cavity form a toroidal cavity. The device has the advantages of simple structure and novel reasonable design; the magnetic intensity of the toroidal cavity can reach 1.5T to 2.5T in a non-transition area. Moreover, the anisotropic magnetic powder can obtain good degree of orientation. The orienting device can be used to produce multi-pole toroidal magnets.

The invention relates to a proportion guide law recognition filtering method. The invention aims at solving problems that a conventional MMAE filer supposes that a model is not accurate because a PN guide law navigation constant is known and does not give consideration to the saturation condition of a pursuer controller, and the estimation precision is low. The method comprises the steps: firstly building state equations of PN guide law saturation and motion models in pitching and yam planes; secondly calculating a system state transfer matrix and designing a Kalman filter equation; thirdly calculating the posterior probabilities of the PN guide law motion and saturation motion models of a pursuer at the current moment; finally calculating the switching moment of the pursuer motion model according to the posterior probabilities, employing the estimation result of the saturation motion model Kalman filter equation, or else, employing the estimation result of a PN guide law motion Kalman filter equation. The method is suitable for the field of spaceflight.

An optical receiving device capable of controlling optical efficiency in a subdivision field. The optical receiving device comprises a receiving main lens, a DMD, a light absorbing body, a collimatinglens, a narrow band optical filter, a focusing lens, a detector, and a DMD driving control module. The optical receiving device can attenuate strong receiving light in a central small field and ensure weaker receiving light in a marginal large field to be received by the high sensitivity detector, thereby effectively overcoming the problem of signal saturation in he central field when laser radarmeasures a strong scattering medium. On the basis of ensuring the optical efficiency of the received light in the marginal large field, the optical receiving device achieves attenuation to the received light in the central small field, so as to effectively improve dynamic detection range of a laser radar system in strong scattering media such as water and fog.

The invention discloses a magnetic field aggregation component and a non-contact leakage current measurement device and method. The magnetic field aggregation component comprises at least two concentrically arranged magnetic field concentrators, wherein longitudinal air gaps are arranged in the magnetic field concentrators, a transverse air gap is arranged between two adjacent magnetic field concentrators, and a magnetic sensor is placed in the transverse air gap. The magnetic field aggregation component of the invention adopts four air gap structures, so that the widths of the longitudinal air gaps of the magnetic field concentrators are no longer limited by the size of the magnetic field sensor; the magnetic field strength of the edges of the longitudinal air gaps is remarkably improvedthrough the minimum widths of the longitudinal air gaps; and two superimposed edge magnetic fields are simultaneously measured by the magnetic sensor located in the transverse gap, the measured magnetic field strength is much larger than the magnetic field strength of a traditional single air gap structure, a signal-to-noise ratio is improved and then the leakage current with only a few milliampsto hundreds of milliamps can be measured, and the requirement for the precision of earth leakage current measurement of power equipment is met.

The invention discloses a micro-current measurement method. At first, micro-current is modulated and amplified at a pre-amplification stage, and then, microcurrent signals are converted into micro-voltage signals; and the microcurrent signals are amplified through two stages. Each stage is provided with multi-stage amplifiers; a single-chip microcomputer controls a plurality of selective switches and makes the same switched on sequentially; multi-stage amplification signals are sent to a saturation judgment circuit; the saturation judgment circuit carries out judgment; when output signals exceed the linear range of the work of an operational amplifier for the first time, the single-chip microcomputer provides amplification stage selection signals; the current stage is switched to a lower stage; the signals at the current stage are send to the next stage; modulation switches carry out sampling holding on the amplified voltage signals; system error is removed through a differential circuit; and voltage signals which are in direct proportion to the measured microcurrent are outputted. According to the microcurrent measurement method of the invention, switching modulation, low-pass filtering, operational amplification feedback, multi-stage amplification, differencing and state distinguishing circuits are adopted to constitute the whole measurement system, and therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement system can be improved.

Novel red and green fluorosulfide phosphors have a chemical formula of (A1-x-yCexBy)SF, wherein A and B are both trivalent metal ions, 0<x≦0.1, and 0≦y≦1. A is a rare earth metal, B is a rare earth metal or a group 13 metal. A preparation method of the fluorosulfide and white-light emitting diode application thereof are also disclosed.

The invention discloses a method for combining a gamma spectrum with active X fluorescence for simultaneously measuring uranium, thorium, radium and potassium. The method comprises the following stepsthat: the automatic scale of a gamma-ray detector realizes spectrum drift calibration, stratum gamma-ray detection and analysis, isotope gamma source active excitation of spectrum elements to generate X fluorescence information as well as analysis and the combined analysis of gamma and an X fluorescence spectrum; and comparing stratum multi-element contents obtained by the X fluorescence information with the energy characteristic peak of the gamma ray detector to carry out secondary judgment on the contents of radionuclides including uranium, thorium, radium and potassium in the stratum. Themethod has the advantages that isotope embedding is adopted to automatically carry out the energy scale calibration of the gamma ray detector so as to overcome a spectrum drift problem, the difficultyof the saturation and the counting missing of the gamma ray detector due to the gamma ray accumulative effect of a low energy area can be eliminated, active X fluorescence realizes a purpose that elements from Si to U in the stratum are simultaneously subjected to qualitative and stratum parameter analysis, and the gamma spectrum and the active X fluorescence are combined to improve analysis accuracy to realize a purpose of simultaneously measuring multiple nuclides including uranium, thorium, radium, potassium and the like.

The invention discloses a magnetic field gathering assembly, a non-contact leakage current measuring device and a measuring method. The magnetic field gathering assembly comprises at least two magnetic field gathering devices which are concentrically arranged, longitudinal air gaps are formed in the magnetic field gathering devices, transverse air gaps are formed between every two adjacent magnetic field gathering devices, and the transverse air gaps are used for containing magnetic sensors. The magnetic field gathering assembly adopts a four-air-gap structure; the longitudinal air gap width of the magnetic field gathering devices is no longer limited by the size of the magnetic field sensors; due to the minimized longitudinal air gap width, the magnetic field intensity of the edges of thelongitudinal air gaps is remarkably improved; the magnetic field sensors located in the transverse air gaps measure two overlapped edge magnetic fields at the same time, the measured magnetic field intensity is far larger than the magnetic field intensity of a traditional single-air-gap structure, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, then the leakage current with the effective value only ranging from several milliamperes to hundreds of milliamperes can be measured, and the precision requirement of electric power equipment for ground leakage current measurement is met.

The invention provides a model prediction control method for real-time automatic collision avoidance of multiple ships, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, a real-time collision risk assessment model is built based on dynamic DCPA and TCPA to assess the collision risk between the ships; secondly, an international collision avoidance rule is used for judging the meeting situation of the ship and dividing the avoidance responsibility, an avoidance behavior decision is made from the two aspects of way-giving ships and direct navigation ships, and the situation that the ship does not see the rule is considered; and finally, a novel multi-ship automatic collision avoidance controller is designed by utilizing the predictive capability of model predictive control and the advantage of processing input limitation to solve the problems of large inertia, input limitation and the like in ship movement, so that the ships can take collision avoidance actions in advance and the problem of rudder angle saturation is solved. According to the method, automatic collision avoidance among multiple ships can be realized on the premise of considering international collision avoidance rules, and the problem of input saturation of rudder angles can be solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear magnetic resonance groundwater detection, in particular to a ground magnetic resonance signal rapid extraction device and method based on phase-locked amplifier technology. The ground magnetic resonance signal rapid extraction device based on the phase-locked amplifier technology comprises a receiving coil, a band-pass filter with 200Hz bandwidth and adjustable central frequency, a main control module and a signal generator, wherein the receiving coil is used for sensing a magnetic resonance signal generated by underground water; the band-pass filter with 200Hz bandwidth and adjustable central frequency can adjust the central frequency into larmor frequency through the main control module and can receive the magnetic resonance signal;the main control module controls the signal generator to generate a cosine signal with the larmor frequency, and the signal is used as a reference signal and can achieve frequency movement through anin-phase channel together with an output signal of the band-pass filter with 200Hz bandwidth and adjustable central frequency; the main control module controls the signal generator to generate a cosine signal with the larmor frequency which is then converted into a sine signal through a 90 degree phase shifter, and the signal serves as a reference signal and can achieve frequency movement througha quadrature channel together with the output signal of the band-pass filter with 200Hz bandwidth and adjustable central frequency; and rapid extraction can be realized.

The invention discloses a power transmission line energy taking device with an equivalent impedance adjusting function and an application method thereof. The power transmission line energy taking device with the equivalent impedance adjusting function comprises a damping branch and an energy taking branch, and the damping branch and the energy taking branch are connected through a drainage wire; the damping branch comprises an open-air-gap damping magnetic core, a matching capacitor C, an adjustable resistor Rc and a bypass resistor RS, the open-air-gap damping magnetic core sleeves the power transmission line, a secondary winding is wound on the open-air-gap damping magnetic core, the matching capacitor C and the adjustable resistor Rc are connected in series to the secondary winding, and the matching capacitor C is coupled to the primary side of the open-air-gap damping magnetic core through the secondary winding. The air gap damping magnetic core, the secondary winding, the matching capacitor C and the adjustable resistor Rc form a resonant circuit, and the bypass resistor RS is connected with the secondary side of the air gap damping magnetic core in parallel. The device can achieve maximum power output, is suitable for different bus currents, is simple in structure, and can rapidly adjust equivalent impedance in real time.

The invention discloses a rotational inertia identification method based on a recursive least square method with a forgetting factor. The method comprises the following steps: writing an asynchronous motor motion equation into a recursive least square form, and determining an output variable, a to-be-identified parameter and an observation matrix; defining an observed quantity length, a forgetting factor, an initialization covariance matrix and an identification parameter; calculating a gain matrix at the current moment; calculating the covariance at the current moment; updating the parameter estimation value; updating the target function value; and comparing the calculated target function value with a preset target function value, continuously updating, and finally calculating to obtain rotational inertia information of the motor. The rotational inertia identification method of the recursive least square method with the forgetting factor is introduced, and the system control performance of the motor under the conditions that the load rotational inertia changes and the like is improved.

The invention discloses an estimation method for equivalent rollover damping of a suspension rack of a passenger vehicle based on a genetic algorithm and belongs to the field of vehicle dynamics modeling and parameter estimation thereof. The method comprises the specific steps that (1) a passenger vehicle rollover dynamics model is established; (2) according to the passenger vehicle dynamics model, an initial population of an equivalent rollover damping parameter of the suspension rack of the passenger vehicle is established; (3) an output parameter of the passenger vehicle is selected as a state response variable, a fitness function is defined, and a reference value of the fitness function is set; (4) selection, cross and variation operations are conducted, an operated result is fed backto the dynamics model, whether or not a condition is met is judged through the fitness function, and an estimation value of equivalent rollover damping of the passenger vehicle is obtained after circulative iteration. According to the estimation method, the problems of large transient-state parameter change and difficult accurate estimation of the passenger vehicle are solved, and the operation efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a waste gas treatment device for a smart city, which is composed of a waste gas inputting device, a waste gas treatment box, a photolysis cylinder, a waste gas detector, an induced draft fan and an exhaust cylinder. The waste gas treatment box includes a box body, wherein a reaction tank is arranged on the lower end of the box body. A demisting layer is arranged on the upper end of the reaction tank. A balancing layer is disposed on the upper end of the demisting layer. A pack layer is arranged on the upper end of the balancing layer. A filter layer is arranged on the upper end of the pack layer. An adsorption layer is disposed on the upper end of the filter layer. A transit tube is arranged on the upper end of the box body. The photolysis cylinder is connected to the other end of the transit tube. The lower end of the photolysis cylinder is connected to the waste gas detector. A backflow pipe and a connection pipe are connected to the waste gas detector. The backflow pipe is connected with a gas diffuser pipe. The induced draft fan for guiding air flow is arranged at one side of the exhaust cylinder. The device allows waste gas, which is unqualified in detection, to be recycled and retreated again, thus preventing unqualified emission and guaranteeing atmosphere environment.

The invention provides a saturated PD type sliding mode control method and system of a four-degree-of-freedom tower crane system. The method comprises the following steps that parameter data of the four-degree-of-freedom tower crane system are acquired; a positioning error vector is obtained according to the obtained parameter data; by means of the obtained positioning error vector and a load swing angle, according to a PD type sliding mode control model constructed by the sum of a PD linear control part, a sliding mode control part and an anti-swing control part, cantilever control torque and trolley translation force are obtained; the four-degree-of-freedom tower crane system is controlled according to the obtained cantilever control torque and trolley translation force; only the positioning error, the time derivative of the positioning error and the load swing angle are needed, model parameters are irrelevant, so that the robustness of the tower crane system is greatly improved.

The invention discloses an advanced plant biochemical parameter non-contact monitoring device which is used for carrying out non-destructive automatic real-time detection on biochemical parameters of chlorophyll, water, nitrogen, and the like in plant canopy level in an unattended environment. A plant is detected by a visible / near-infrared spectral analysis technology, and the fine control can berealized; the unattended non-contact sampling is realized and the power consumption of the device is reduced by the integral design of a special light source and a sampling probe; a sampling device is separated from a host machine and the remote measurement is realized by an optic fiber technology. The invention realizes that the light source emits light with different illumination intensities when a reference signal and a blade signal are measured, always leads a detector to be capable of responding in high sensitivity, solves the problem of limited detection range of a photoelectric detector, improves the signal-to-noise radio of an instrument and ensures the measurement accuracy of the instrument by an adjustable constant current drive circuit.

The invention discloses a robust fault-tolerant guidance control system and a working method for the re-entry section of a reusable vehicle, relates to the field of aerospace technology, and can avoid partial failure, saturation and Uncertainty problems, with good robust fault tolerance and control accuracy. The present invention adopts the nonlinear disturbance observer of the attitude angle loop and the angular rate loop and the improved predictive correction guidance law. The observer is based on the principle of the fast arctangent tracking differentiator, and the predictive correction guidance law introduces the Gain compensation term. In addition, the present invention also adopts an anti-saturation auxiliary structure suitable for multiple input and multiple output systems, and designs a robust fault-tolerant control strategy by introducing the variables in the auxiliary structure into the backstepping method, and finally ensures the closed loop of the system through the Lyapunov method Stablize.

The invention relates to a proportion guide law recognition filtering method. The invention aims at solving problems that a conventional MMAE filer supposes that a model is not accurate because a PN guide law navigation constant is known and does not give consideration to the saturation condition of a pursuer controller, and the estimation precision is low. The method comprises the steps: firstly building state equations of PN guide law saturation and motion models in pitching and yam planes; secondly calculating a system state transfer matrix and designing a Kalman filter equation; thirdly calculating the posterior probabilities of the PN guide law motion and saturation motion models of a pursuer at the current moment; finally calculating the switching moment of the pursuer motion model according to the posterior probabilities, employing the estimation result of the saturation motion model Kalman filter equation, or else, employing the estimation result of a PN guide law motion Kalman filter equation. The method is suitable for the field of spaceflight.

The invention discloses an arch-shaped self-oxygen-supply waste heat utilization type direct methanol fuel cell comprising an arch-shaped shell, a pervaporation membrane, a central reaction part, an oxygen generation cavity and a thermodynamic cycle system. The arched shell is divided into a methanol fuel cavity and a steam cavity by the pervaporation membrane; a gas buffer structure is arranged in the steam cavity; the gas buffer structure comprises a first hydrophobic fiberboard and a first hydrophilic porous board arranged at an interval with the first hydrophobic fiberboard; the central reaction part is provided with an anode flow field plate, a membrane electrode and a cathode flow field plate, the membrane electrode is located between the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate, and a second hydrophilic porous board is arranged between the anode flow field plate and the anode side of the membrane electrode; a second hydrophobic fiberboard is arranged between the cathode side of the membrane electrode and the cathode flow field plate; and the oxygen generation cavity is provided with a double-layer third hydrophobic fiberboard. The energy density of the cell iseffectively improved, and high-concentration methanol and even pure methanol supply of the cell is realized and thus the working time of the cell is prolonged.

The present invention relates to a magnetic field orienting device of an anisotropy bonded magnet or a sintered magnet, in particular to a magnetic field orienting device of the anisotropy bonded magnet or a sintered multi-pole toroidal magnet. The present invention resolves the problems that the magnetic field device of an existing toroidal magnet has complex structure, low oriented magnetic intensity and difficult acquisition of the ideal degree of orientation for anisotropic NdFeB magnetic powder. The device comprises a field coil, two magnetic poles and a cylindrical mould core that is produced with magnetic conducting material, wherein, the pole heads of the two opposite magnetic poles are provided with a homocentric half cylinder respectively, the half cylinder is homocentric with the mould core. The two magnetic poles fold and form a round type cavity, and the mold core is arranged in the center of the round type cavity. The outer surface of the mould core and the inner face ofthe round type cavity form a toroidal cavity. The device has the advantages of simple structure and novel reasonable design; the magnetic intensity of the toroidal cavity can reach 1.5T to 2.5T in a non-transition area. Moreover, the anisotropic magnetic powder can obtain good degree of orientation. The orienting device can be used to produce multi-pole toroidal magnets.

The invention relates to the technical field of photomultiplier tubes. In order to solve the problem that the dynamic range of the device is limited due to the excessive number of multiplied electrons when the current photomultiplier tube detects strong light signals, the invention provides a method for improving the dynamic range of the photomultiplier tube. Methods. When the photomultiplier tube of the present invention detects a strong light signal, the cathode current of the photomultiplier tube or the current of the dynode is greater than the set trigger threshold, and the working voltage of the dynode system or the modulation electrode is adjusted in linkage, so that the electrons entering the subsequent dynode When the number is reduced or the energy is reduced, the entire photomultiplier tube works in the linear working area. This method of improving the dynamic range of the photomultiplier tube enables the photomultiplier tube to better adapt to changes in the intensity of light signals, and can increase the dynamic range of ordinary photomultiplier tubes by 2 to 10 times or even higher on the original basis.

The embodiment of the invention provides an automatic gain control method and device, a chip and equipment. The method comprises the steps of, when a signal exists in a current time slot, calculating RSSI of the signal in the current time slot, and obtaining an RSSI calculation result, wherein the signal comprises but is not limited to PDSCH DMRS, PDCCH DMRS, SSB and TRS; and performing automatic gain control according to the RSSI calculation result. According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, various signals in an NR system are tracked, AGC is realized by combining RSSI of the various signals, the real-time performance of AGC can be effectively improved, and the problem of ADC saturation caused by the change of the number of scheduled RBs can be solved, so that the method adapts to a scene in which the signal strength is rapidly changed, and the downlink decoding performance is improved.

The invention provides an energy information sensor, an energy management system and a control method thereof, a storage medium and an energy information sensor, and the energy information sensor comprises an information collection unit which is used for collecting first energy information data; a first communication unit used for receiving data processing requirements; an information processing unit used for processing the first energy information data acquired by the information acquisition unit according to the data processing requirement to obtain processing result data; and a first communication unit also used for returning the processing result data processed by the information processing unit to the energy management system. The scheme provided by the invention can simplify the data transmission quantity and improve the information transmission efficiency.

The invention provides a dynamic anti-saturation pitch angle control method for an autonomous underwater vehicle. According to the method, the adaptive law is designed on the basis of sliding-mode control, system parameters and the upper limit of unknown disturbances are estimated online, current running state of a system is compared to expected state constantly, a controller is changed through the adaptive law, and the system is imparted expected performance indexes. Meanwhile, an anti-saturation dynamic compensator is designed; through the use of an auxiliary variable w, the influence of input saturation upon the system is relieved, and good performance of the system is guaranteed.

The invention provides a composite structure aircraft with tiltable rotors. A fuselage of the aircraft comprises a main wing and an empennage which are used for cruising in the air, the main wings arearranged at the middle section of the fuselage; the empennage is arranged at the tail part of the fuselage; the aircraft is further provided with a rotor wing used for providing power for the aircraft. The rotor wings comprise a first rotor wing group arranged at the fixed wing and a second rotor wing group arranged at the rear part of the fuselage; when the aircraft takes off or lands, the orientations of the rotors in the first rotor set and the second rotor set are vertical so as to provide lift force for the fuselage, and when the aircraft is in an air cruise state, the orientations of the rotors in the second rotor set are adjusted to the horizontal direction so as to provide thrust for the aircraft. According to the invention, the advantages of the fixed-wing aircraft and the rotoraircraft are well integrated, and the existing control system is improved, so that the control system has higher reliability, interference resistance and control performance.