165results about How to "Thick stem" patented technology

The invention discloses a novel organic substrate and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: using feces of beasts and birds as earthworm food; providing environment suitable for earthworms to grow; sieving the feces generated through being processed by the earthworms into earthworm feces with the grain diameter between 4 and 6 mm; and matching and adding pelhamite, perlite and trace elements for being uniformly mixed to prepare the novel organic substrate, wherein the grain diameter of the pelhamite and the perlite is between 3 and 5 mm. The novel organic substrate comprises the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 58 to 71 percent of earthworm feces, 25 to 35 percent of pelhamite, 3.5 to 6.5 percent of perlite and 0.05 to 0.5 percent of trace elements. The invention has the advantages of simple preparation method, rich resources and low price of adopted materials, changes waste materials into useful materials, reduces the environment pollution, and has sufficient nutrition and stable performance. When being used for flower culture, the invention improves the quality of the flower pit tray seedling culture, and reduces the seedling culture steps such as fertilizing and the like.

The invention discloses a biological organic compound fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-75 parts of organic compound containing amino acids, 15-35 parts of humic acid compound fertilizer, 5-15 parts of bone meal, 0.05-1 part of EM animalcule bacteria and 0.05-1 part of accessory, wherein the organic material containing the amino acid is selected from dry traditional Chinese medicine residue or dry methane residue, the humic acid compound fertilizer comprises humic acidic ammonium, humic acid potassium and humic calcium phosphate, and the accessory comprises humic acid and one or a plurality of components selected from urea, ammonium bicarbonate, calcium superphosphate, ammonium phosphate and triple superphosphate. The effective viable count in the biological organic compound fertilizer is larger than or equal to 200 million / g, the organic matter weight percentage is larger than or equal to 25%, and the weight percentage of NPK total nutrient islarger than or equal to 10%. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the biological organic compound fertilizer. The biological organic compound fertilizer is a green environmentally friendly manure which can increase crop yield and quality.

The invention discloses a fertilizer specially used for rice and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer comprises an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer, wherein the inorganic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, lime nitrogen, magnesium ammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, a sterilizing agent, urea formaldehyde, diatomite, ATS and dicyandiamide; the urea formaldehyde containing ammonium thiosulfate and dicyandiamide serves as a coating, and the diatomite is attached to the outer side of the coating; the other raw materials are contained in the coating. The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: sterilizing agent decoction dregs, chicken manure, bagasse, xylitol residue, cottonseed cake and plant ash. The fertilizer can meet the requirement of the whole rice growth period after being applied once, manual labor is saved, the soil aeration, fertilizer absorption and water retention characteristics can be improved, steady growth of rice plants is promoted, and the yield is increased by 10-20 percent per mu.

The present invention relates to fertilizer preparing technology, and is especially one kind of foliage fertilizer containing amino acid and with fast acting and its preparation process. The foliage fertilizer includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-4 weight portions, copper sulfate 0.3-0.6 weight portions, ferrous sulfat 0.4-0.8 weight portions, magnesium sulfate 0.4-0.8 weight portions, zinc sulfate 0.3-0.6 weight portions, borax 0.4-0.8 weight portions, manganese sulfate 0.2-0.4 weight portions, calcium sulfate 0.2-0.4 weight portions, urea 2-4 weight portions, honey 0.1-0.3 weight portions, milk 0.5-1.0 weight portions, water soluble vitamins electrolyte 0.02-0.04 weight portions, amino acid 0.5-1.5 weight portions, fish liver oil 0.02-0.04 weight portions, vitamins B 0.04-0.12 weight portions. The foliage fertilizer has rich nutrients and pH 5.5-6.5 after being diluted, is suitable for foliage absorption and may be used to replace root applying organic fertilizer.

The invention discloses a novel green biological organic fertilizer and belongs to the technical field of agricultural biological fertilizers. The novel green biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: straw mixture, seaweed residue, humic acid, amino acid and multifunctional zymophyte. The novel green biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention has the advantages that nutrients required by crops can be provided, incidence of plant diseases and insect pests can be greatly reduced, usage amount of pesticide is reduced, and crop yield and quality are improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a paddy seedling raising medium. In the preparation method, livestock and poultry feces is used as foodstuff for earthworm to provide an environment suitable for growth of earthworm, and the earthworm feces generated by earthworm treatment is screened into earthworm feces with the particle size of 1-4mm, and uniformly mixed with nutrient soil and vermiculite to prepare a novel organic medium, wherein the particle sizes of vermiculite and the nutrient soil are 3-5mm. The medium comprises the components by volume percent: 50-60% of earthworm feces, 30-40% of vermiculite and 10-20% of nutrient soil. The medium is simple in preparation method, rich in resources, inexpensive in materials, sufficient in nutrients and stable in property, changes wastes into valuables, and reduces environmental pollution; and used for paddy seedling raising, the medium improves the paddy plug seedling raising quality, reduces the seedling raising steps (like fertilization) and the cost, and promotes the industrialized development of paddy machine seedling transplanting.

The invention discloses a plug seedling substrate of tomatoes and a preparation method. Peat is taken as the material; excrements of livestocks are taken as earthworm foodstuff; environment suitable for the growth of earthworms is provided; wormcast which is processed and generated by the earthworms is sieved to obtain wormcast compost with the grain size being 1-4mm; and the peat and the wormcast compost are fully mixed; mineral materials with a certain fineness such as expandable vermiculite, perlite and the like are added to improve the physical properties and the buffer performance of the substrate to generate a novel tomato seedling substrate. The percent by volume of various components are that the peat accounts for 15-25%, the wormcast compost accounts for 55-65%, the expandable gardening vermiculite accounts for 5-15% and the perlite accounts for 5-15%. The plug seedling substrate disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplicity in preparation method, richness in resource, low cost of materials, turning waste into wealth, reducing environmental pollution and sufficient nutrient. The plug seedling substrate is used for the plug seedling of tomatoes, eliminates top application during seedling raising, improves the quality of tomato seedlings and reduces the pesticide application. Thus, the seedling quality is ensured, the cost and the labor are saved and the survival and the high-quality and efficient growth of the tomato seedlings, the yield and the construction of quality are ensured.

Novel gibberellin 2-oxidase (GA2ox) genes were identified. Differential expression of GA2ox genes correlated with flower development, seed germination, tiller growth and other developmental processes. In addition, the early and increased growth of tiller and adventitious root and altered root architecture caused by overexpression of GA2oxs further suggest the pleiotropic role of GA2oxs in controlling growth and architecture in plants such as rice. GA2ox5, GA2ox6 and GA2ox9 were three genes encoding class C20 GA2oxs in rice. Mutants or transgenic rice overexpressing class C20 GA2oxs exhibited a broad range of mutant phenotypes, including semi-dwarfism, increased root system and higher tiller numbers that may favor grain yield. Mutations in the conserved domain III were found to affect the physiological activity of class C20 GA2oxs. Methods are described for controlling plant growth and architecture by controlling gene expression of gibberellin 2-oxidase in the plant.

The invention belongs to the field of heterosis application and in particular relates to a method for producing rice hybrid Guangliangyou 206. According to the invention, a new combination of three-line early rice is produced by hybridizing three-line male sterile line Guang 8S with restorer line D208, wherein the female parent Guang 8S is quoted from high-yield, high-quality and high-resistance three-line male sterile line selected and bred by teacher Yang Zhenyu; male parent restorer line D208 is introduced. The hybrid has the characteristics of high and stable yield, strong disease resistance and high biological yield.

The invention discloses a grafting method taking masson pine tissue culture seedlings as stocks. The grafting method comprises processes of stock cultivation, scion preparation, seedling grafting and post-grafting management and protection; by taking the masson pine tissue culture seedlings cultivated for 4 to 6 months as the stocks and collecting bud sticks germinating on stock plants as scions, grafting is performed by adopting a split grafting method in December to January or in March to April; grafted seedlings are cultivated under the conditions of suitable light and humidity, and water and fertilizer management and pest control are performed by a conventional method. According to the grafting method disclosed by the invention, the masson pine tissue culture seedlings with developed roots, vigorous metabolism and rapid growth are cultivated through a tissue culture technological means to serve as the stocks, therefore not only can the seedling period of the stocks be shortened and the grafting survival percentage be increased but also the genetic gain of an excellent variety is ensured; adverse effects brought by the fact that heterogeneous-stock grafting is performed by taking slash pines as the stocks widely in masson pine grafting in production at present are effectively avoided, and the working effect of masson pine tissue culture stocks is greatly promoted; the grafting method has a broad application prospect, and has better economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.

The invention discloses a complex microbial agent used for ocean trash fish fermentation, and a preparation method for an enzymatic fish protein amino acid water-soluble fertilizer. The complex microbial agent consists of any three or four types of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus cereus, lactic streptococci and saccharomyces cerevisiae. The preparation method for the enzymatic fish protein amino acid water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps of: before ocean trash fishes are transported, the ocean trash fishes are subjected to pretreatmentthrough the complex microbial agent, breaking, enzymolysis, fermentation through the complex microbial agent, separation, filtering and concentration. The enzymatic fish protein amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is rich in various active substances and trace elements, including micromolecule polypeptides, amino acids, vitamins and the like, can meet the nutrition requirements of fruit and vegetable crops, improves the growth performance of fruit and vegetable crops as well as the quality of fruits and vegetables, reduces the use amount of chemical fertilizers, improves the quality of soil, reduces soil problems, including soil secondary salinization and the like, and has a good economic benefit.

The invention relates to a beneficial biological bacterium fermented microbial organic fertilizer to solve the problem of harms of organic wastes to the environment. The beneficial biological bacterium fermented microbial organic fertilizer is prepared through fermenting raw materials by beneficial biological bacteria, and the raw materials comprise, by weight, 10-15% of active humic acid, 3-9% of a nitrogenous fertilizer, 1.5-4.5% of a phosphate fertilizer, 1.5-4.5% of a potash fertilizer, 1-3% of a boron fertilizer, 0.5-1.5% of a silicon fertilizer, 0.3-0.7% of an iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.7% of a zinc fertilizer, 0.3-0.7% of a copper fertilizer, 0.2-0.4% of a magnesium fertilizer, 0.2-0.4% of a manganese fertilizer, 0.3-0.7% of a calcium fertilizer, 0.3-0.7% of a molybdenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.7% of a vanadium fertilizer, and the balance of an organic matter ferment material (metered by dry weight). The beneficial biological bacterium fermented microbial organic fertilizer has the advantages of low production cost, soil improvement, improvement of the quality of crop products, improvement of the output of the crops, promotion of development of the agriculture with Chinese characteristics, high harmless degree, absorption facilitation, slow synergism, yield and income increase, soil fertility raising, and balanced nutrition, and is helpful for naturally decomposing various beneficial components in soil after being applied in order to make the decomposed beneficial components be absorbed and utilized by plants.

The invention discloses a tissue culture and rapid propagation method for kadsura coccinea. The method includes the step A of selection and processing of explants, the step B of induction of explants, the step C of browning prevention processing of calluses, the step D of differentiation of calluses, the step E of subculture multiplication culture, the step F of strong seedling culture, the step G of rooting culture and the step H of seedling hardening and transplanting, wherein in the step A, young and tender leaves close to tips of kadsura coccinea stems are taken and disinfected to obtain sterile explants. By means of the method, the browning rate of explants of kadsura coccinea is controlled at 7% or below, the rooting rate reaches 95%, and the seedling formation rate reaches 97% or above.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a compound rice seedling raising medium, belonging to the technical field of organic solid waste resource utilization. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying grain stillage in air, screening to obtain the grain stillage with the particle size of 1-4mm; and adding nutrient soil and vermiculite, and evenly mixing, so as to prepare the compound rice seedling raising medium, wherein the particle sizes of the nutrient soil and vermiculite are 3-5 mm. The compound rice seedling raising medium comprises the following components by volume percent: 50-60% of earworm dung, 20-30% of vermiculite and 20% of nutrient soil. The compound rice seedling raising medium is simple in preparation method, rich in resources, cheap in materials, rich in nutrient and stable in property, waste is turned into wealth, and environmental pollution is reduced. When the medium is used for raising seedlings, the operation is simple and convenient, labor intensity is lightened, rice seedling quality is good, percentage establishment of the seedlings is high, the industrial development of rice seedling transplanting using a rice machine is promoted, and the construction of ecological towns and new rural areas is accelerated.

The invention relates to a novel carnation seedling culturing substrate and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation. The novel carnation seedling culturing substrate is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 55-64% of earthworm manure, 10% of fermented coconut husk, 13-19% of vermiculite grains and 13-19% of pearlite grains. The novel carnation seedling culturing substrate has rich nutrition components and stable nature and the content of organic matter is high, so that sufficient nutrition can be supplied to flowers during the entire seedling culturing period. The flower seedlings cultured by using the novel carnation seedling culturing substrate have developed root system, thick and strong seedling stems, high survival rate after transplantation and strong applicability, can enter the flowering period in advance and have multiple anthodia, and the flowers grow vigorously. In the invention, the preparation process of the substrate is simplified, the quality of carnation plug seedlings is improved, the seedling culturing steps of fertilizer application and the like are omitted, and the cost is lowered.

The invention discloses a composite rice seedling cultivation matrix and a preparation method of the matrix. The composite rice seedling cultivation matrix comprises the following components by weight: 60% of earthworm cast, 30% of vermiculite and 10% of nutrient soil by volume percent, wherein per cubic meter of matrix contains 7.5kg of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate. According to the invention, preparation method is simple, resource is rich and cost of materials is low, wastes are changed into valuable, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the seedling cultivation matrix is enough in nutrient and stable in properties. After the matrix is used for seedling cultivation, the operation is simple and convenient, and the labor intensity is lightened; furthermore, the rice seedlings are good in quality and high in percentage establishment of seedling. The matrix disclosed by the invention promotes the industrial development of rice transplanting of a rice transplanter, and is more beneficial to building ecological villages and towns and new villages.

The present invention relates to the technical field of Luo Han Guo cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating Luo Han Guo. The branches are collected and sterilized, and the stem apex meristem is cut out for subculture; the seedlings are selected and quickly dipped in IBA, and the lower 1 / 4 of the seedlings are inserted into the Between two pieces of filter paper, clamp the filter paper with two aluminum alloy bedding bars, and fix the aluminum alloy beading bar with a small clip, then hang the aluminum alloy beading bar on the two walls of the rooting incubator for rooting cultivation, and the rooting incubator contains a box volume of 1 / 4 or 1 / 2 MS culture solution; before transplanting, apply quicklime to the planting site, and then apply decomposed farmyard manure, place the seedlings in the planting nest and pour enough water for rooting, after 7 days, wet the fertilizer once a week, When the Luo Han Guo seedling grows more than 3 true leaves, remove the film covered on the Mirs, and apply organic compound fertilizer, the method of the present invention obtains transplanted seedlings, the stems are strong, the rooting rate is high, the quality is good, and the survival rate of field transplantation is high. High and adaptable.

The invention belongs to the field of genetics and breeding, in particular relates to a rice plant type related gene RL10 and application thereof. The rice gene RL10 has a sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.1, and the rice gene RL10 codes F-box proteins and controls the polar growth of rice leaves and the morphogenesis of rice panicle traits. The gene can improve the plant types and the panicle types of the prior species, improve the yield, and has wide application prospect in the high-yield breeding of rice.

The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco floating seedling culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The culture medium comprises the following components in parts by volume: 30-45 parts of soil, 30-45 parts of fire soil, 20-30 parts of farmyard manure and 2-2.5 parts of nutrient solution fertilizer. By completely substituting the flue-cured tobacco seedling culture medium and screening out the proper material composition and proportioning, the culture medium disclosed by the invention can effectively enhance the rate of emergence and stocking percent, promote the growth of the tobacco seedlings, enhance the quality of the tobacco seedlings, and enhance the rate of emergence of the tobacco seedlings to 85% and the stocking percent after in-field seedling supplementation to 97.5%. Compared with the conventional-quality flue-cured tobacco floating seedling culture, the tobacco seedling cultured by the culture medium disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high quality, thick stems, developed root system, high drought resistance, high stress tolerance, quick survival and the like; and the culture medium does not use grass carbon, thereby lowering the development of nonrenewable resources and protecting the environmental resources. The culture medium does not pollute the environment in the manufacturing process, and has the function of environmental protection. The material sources are wide and are not restricted by regions, and the manufacturing method is simple, thereby greatly lowering the flue-cured tobacco floating seedling culture cost.

The invention relates to an organic fertilizer for flowers and a production process of the organic fertilizer. The production process comprises the following steps: selecting corn straws, wheat straws, soybean straws and sesame straws according to a mass ratio of 2:2:1:1 and crushing straw grains; adding water, urea and ammonia water, and pre-treating to obtain a mixture A; treating respectively chicken manure and chicken feathers taken according to the mass ratio of 10:1 by ultraviolet lights and then treating by ozone; mixing to obtain a mixture B; adding aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes into a mixture of crushed peanut shells, crushed fallen leaves of broad-leaved trees and the water to obtain a mixture C; mixing the mixture A, the mixture B, the mixture C, shell powder and sodium humate; adding an EM bacterium agent and fermenting to obtain a mixture D; adding bone meal, plant ash and charcoal dust into the mixture D; then carrying out ozone sterilization, drying, split charging; and ultraviolet light sterilizing to obtain the organic fertilizer for the flowers. The produced organic fertilizer for the flowers contains various nutritional ingredients needed by the growth of the flowers and can be used for conditioning soil, activating the active rate of microorganisms in the soil, overcoming soil hardening and improving the air permeability of the soil.

The invention discloses provides a method for water planting grosvenor momordica. The method includes the steps of transplanting and water planting management. A disinfected basal part of a grosvenor momordica rooted seedling is wrapped with sponge, and transplanted to a cultivation groove with water planting nutrient solution, so that 1 / 2-5 / 6 of the root of the grosvenor momordica rooted seedling is immersed in the water planting nutrient solution. After the grosvenor momordica rooted seedling is transplanted, the pH value of the water planting nutrient solution is maintained between 5.5-6.5, and air is breathed in a pipe body each day for 30 minutes. When no more than 1 / 3 of the root is immersed in the water planting nutrient solution, the water planting nutrient solution is replaced. In the method, the water planting nutrient solution meets the requirement for plant growth. The water planted grosvenor momordica has well developed root systems, strong stalks, and dense green leaves. The water planted grosvenor momordica when transplanted to a field can resume growing vigor rapidly and meets the production requirements.

The invention discloses a tomato plug seedling matrix and a preparation method thereof. Local peat is used as the material; poultry excrement is used as the earthworm feed; an environment suitable for the growth of earthworms is provided; the wormcast generated by processing the earthworm is sieved into wormcast compost of which the particle size is 1-4mm; the peat and the wormcast compost are uniformly mixed and mineral materials such as expansible vermiculite of certain fineness are added so as to improve the physical property and the buffer performance of the matrix and form the novel tomato plug seedling matrix. The volume percents of the components are that the peat is 5-15%, the wormcast compost is 55-65%, and the wormcast gardening compost is 25-35%. The tomato plug seedling matrix is simple in preparation method, rich in resource, cheap in material, less in environment pollution, abundant in nutrition and stable in property, and when the tomato plug seedling matrix is used for tomato plug seedling, the additional fertilization during the seedling period can be completely or partially avoided, the tomato seedling quality is improved, the pesticide application is reduced, labor and cost are saved while the seedling quality is ensured, and reliable guarantee is provided for the survival, the high-quality and high-efficient growth and the establishment of output and quality of transplanted tomato seedlings.

The invention discloses breeding and seed production methods of quality multi-resistant high-yield hybrid rice indica Zhen you 184. The rice bred through the method has good comprehensive yielding ability, moderate mature period, fine quality, good commercial value and strong stress resistance. The breeding method includes the steps of taking quality rice-blast-resistant sterile line Zhenxian 1A with high combining ability as the female parent to hybridize with quality bacterial-blight-resistant high-heterosis restorer line Zhen hui 084 to obtain hybrid rice indica Zhen you 184 with fine quality, strong rice blast resistance and bacterial blight resistance and high yield. The seed production method is as follows: seeding the male parent Zhen hui 084 in two periods, seeding the male parent in the I period at the end of April and then seeding the male parent in the II period 8-12 days later. The female parent is seeded 14-18 days after the male parent in the I period, the leaf age difference is about 3.0-3.5, the ratio of the rows of the male parent and the female parent in the seed field is 2:12-14, the male parent of the I period and the II period are in alternate single-plant transplantation, the row pitch of the female parent plants is 12-15cmX 16-19cm, and fewer-seedling transplanting is adopted. The seeds are isolated strictly, care is paid to remove the impurities, appropriate amount of '920' is sprayed through artificial supplementary pollination measure, and disease and insect control work is paid attention to.

The invention discloses a tomato seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: with cow dung dry-wet separation liquor and rice straw as base raw materials, regulating a carbon nitrogen ratio to provide an environment suitable for microbial growth, fermenting and composting, sieving composted materials obtained through microbial treatment to obtain materials with grain size of 1-5mm, sufficiently mixing, and then adding expansibility vermiculite and garden soil with certain fineness to improve the physical character and buffer property of a substrate so as to form the tomato seedling substrate, wherein the tomato seedling substrate comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 60%-80% of straw composted particles prepared from cow dung dry-wet separation liquor and rice straw, 10%-20% of expansibility vermiculite and 10%-20% of garden soil. The method is simple. The raw materials are abundant and cheap, environment pollution is reduced, nutrient is sufficient, the character is stable, the operation of topdressing during the seedling period of tomatoes can be completely or partially avoided, the seedling quality is improved, the pesticide application is reduced, the seedling quality is guaranteed, the labor and the cost are saved, and reliable guarantee is provided for the survival, the high-quality and high-efficient growth and the yield and quality of transplanted tomato seedlings.

The invention discloses a water-culture planting method for selenium-enriched lettuce. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, pretreating lettuce seeds; step 2, spreading the lettuce seedsobtained in the step 1 at the surface of a sponge cubic block; step 3, after true leaves grow from the seeds obtained in the step 2, thinning seedlings, and adding a first selenium-enriched nutrient solution; step 4, when 2-3 true leaves grow on the seedlings, transplanting the seedlings into a first selenium-enriched nutrient solution, and performing cultivation; and step 5, when 4-5 true leavesgrow on the seedlings, transplanting the seedlings into a second nutrient solution, and performing cultivation. According to the water-culture planting method for the selenium-enriched lettuce provided by the invention, the growth cycle of the lettuce is short, and the obtained finished product has no pollution or residues.

The invention discloses a method for breeding and producing of hybrid seeds for hybrid rice II super 42. The breeding method comprises the following steps: A. taking Zhenhui129 as female parent and Zhenhui084 as male parent to get seed F0; B. auto-copulating for 5-7 generations and choosing at the same time plants with strong restoration and disease-resistant ability, short leaf, compact plant type and good appearance, cultivating out restoration system Zhenhui42 of new plant type, disease-resistant and high productivity; C. crossing sterile system II-32A with said restoration system Zhenhui42 and getting new rice breed II super 42 with high leaf blight-resistant property, short leaf and compact plant type. The rice got in this invention is characterized by the good comprehensive productivity, moderate maturity time; sound property; outstanding disease-resistant property and stable productivity.

The invention discloses a water culture method of lettuces. The method comprises the steps that firstly, lettuce seeds are pretreated; secondly, the lettuce seeds obtained in the first step are spread on the surface of a sponge cube; thirdly, after true leaves grow out of the seeds obtained in the second step, thinning is carried out, and a first nutrient solution is added; fourthly, after 2-3 true leaves grow out of each seedling, the seedlings are transplanted into the first nutrient solution for culture; fifthly, after 4-5 true leaves grow out of each seedling, the seedlings are transplanted into a second nutrient solution for culture. Through the water culture method of the lettuces, the growth cycle of the lettuces is short, and obtained finished products are free of pollution and residues.

The invention discloses a propagation and cultivation method for giant standard chrysanthemum, which comprises the steps of stock cultivation, grafting, cultivation, heart picking and head fixing, bud thinning and pest control. In the stock cultivation, stocks adopt green-stem and coarse-leave mugworts. Scion selects white Lotus, fire dance or gold plate anemone. The cultivation method, adopted by the invention, is more reasonable, effectively improves the survival rate, can cultivate chrysanthemum crowns with large diameters, has large blossoming number, developed root systems, stout stems, robust branches and leaves and accordant flower size, and effectively prevents pest and disease damage to guarantee excellent growth and development conditions of the giant standard chrysanthemum.

The invention discloses a hydroponic culture method for lettuce. The hydroponic culture method comprises the following steps: step 1, subjecting lettuce seeds to pretreatment; step 2, spreading the lettuce seeds obtained in the step 1 on the surface of a sponge cube; step 3, when the lettuce seeds obtained in the step 2 grow a true leaf, thinning lettuce seedlings, and adding a first nutrient solution; step 4, when the lettuce seedlings grow 2 to 3 true leaves, transplanting the lettuce seedlings into the first nutrient solution and carrying out culturing; and step 5, when the lettuce seedlings grow 4 to 5 true leaves, transplanting the lettuce seedlings into a second nutrient solution and carrying out culturing. The hydroponic culture method for the lettuce provided by the invention has the following advantages: the growth period of the lettuce is short; and the obtained lettuce is free of pollution and residues.

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting collards from bolting and prolonging the viewing period of collards. The method comprises the steps of seedling cultivation, rational fertilization, field planting, plant hormone spraying and field management. By spraying a cycocel solution, stems of the collards become thick and strong, the leaf color of the collards become deeper, cell walls become thicker, metabolism becomes slow, and therefore the cold resistance of the collards is improved. By postponing seeding time and spraying a maleic hydrazide solution, the plants are effectively inhibited from bolting and flowering, the viewing period is prolonged by 30 days or more, and therefore the garden effect of the collards is greatly improved. Based on the method, bolting and flowering of various collards are effectively inhibited and postponed, the viewing time is prolonged, and economic benefits are increased; besides, the method is simple, feasible and convenient to operate.