The invention discloses an RGD/PTX-coated ZIF-90 drug delivery system and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of biological medicine. According to the drug delivery system, on the basis of the metal organic framework ZIF-90, aldehyde groups and amino groups of RGD are connected through a Schiff base reaction, PTX is entrapped through the adsorption effect, no extra chemical reagent is introduced in the whole process, and the drug delivery system is safer and more environmentally friendly. The preparation method is simple, the ZIF-90 and the RGD are stirred to obtain RGD/ZIF-90, then the RGD/ZIF-90 and the PTX are stirred together, and the RGD/PTX ZIF-90 composite material is obtained. According to the drug delivery system, aiming at the physiological characteristics of specific high expression of an alpha v beta 3 integrin receptor and low pH of tumor cells, RGD can target the tumor cells, and when the RGD reaches the vicinity of the tumor cells, the skeleton of ZIF-90 collapses, so that PTX is intensively released near the tumor cells, the anti-tumor activity is improved, the side effect of the drug can be reduced, and the drug delivery system has the advantages of strong anti-tumor effect, few side effects and high stability.