The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine mattress for enhancing health and promoting sleep, wherein the inner layer of a mattress is filled with a dry powder-shaped Chinese medicinal material. The Chinese medicinal material is prepared by mixing the following medicinal materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of bunge auriculate root, 15 parts of zinnober, 10 parts of albizia flower, 12 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 15 parts of semen ziziphi spinosae, 30 parts of tuber fleeceflower stem, 15 parts of camel fat, 9 parts of fennelflower, 12 parts of myrobalan, 9 parts of poria, 9 parts of fushen, 9 parts of liquorice, 6 parts of pine leaf, 7 parts of fluorite, 8 parts of red rhodobryum, 15 parts of monkshood and 5 parts of oviductus ranae. Clinical experiments prove that the traditional Chinese medicine mattress is excellent in effect for enhancing health and promoting sleep, safe, free from toxic and side effects and quite excellent in curative effect by virtue of selecting the appropriate medicinal materials and matching.