61 results about "Prism coupling" patented technology

A vertical stack of integrated circuits includes at least one CMOS electronic integrated circuit (IC), an SOI-based opto-electronic integrated circuit structure, and an optical input/output coupling element. A plurality of metalized vias may be formed through the thickness of the stack so that electrical connections can be made between each integrated circuit. Various types of optical input/output coupling can be used, such as prism coupling, gratings, inverse tapers, and the like. By separating the optical and electrical functions onto separate ICs, the functionalities of each may be modified without requiring a re-design of the remaining system. By virtue of using SOI-based opto-electronics with the CMOS electronic ICs, a portion of the SOI structure may be exposed to provide access to the waveguiding SOI layer for optical coupling purposes.

A coupling arrangement for allowing multiple wavelengths to be coupled into and out of a relatively thin silicon optical waveguide layer utilizes a diffractive optical element, in the form of a volume phase grating, in combination with a prism coupling structure. The diffractive optical element is formed to comprise a predetermined modulation index sufficient to diffract the various wavelengths through angles associated with improving the coupling efficiency of each wavelength into the silicon waveguide. The diffractive optical element may be formed as a separate element, or formed as an integral part of the coupling facet of the prism coupler.

An arrangement for achieving and maintaining high efficiency coupling of light between a multi-wavelength optical signal and a relatively thin (e.g., sub-micron) silicon optical waveguide uses a prism coupler in association with an evanescent coupling layer. A grating structure having a period less than the wavelengths of transmission is formed in the coupling region (either formed in the silicon waveguide, evanescent coupling layer, prism coupler, or any combination thereof) so as to increase the effective refractive index “seen” by the multi-wavelength optical signal in the area where the beam exiting/entering the prism coupler intercepts the waveguide surface (referred to as the “prism coupling surface”). The period and/or duty cycle of the grating can be controlled to modify the effective refractive index profile in the direction away from the coupling region so as to reduce the effective refractive index from the relatively high value useful in multi-wavelength coupling to the lower value associated with maintaining confinement of the optical signals within the surface waveguide structure, thus reducing reflections along the transition region.

An optical coupling system for use with multiple wavelength optical signals provides improved coupling efficiency between a free-space optical beam and a relatively thin, surface layer of an SOI structure (“SOI layer”), allowing for sufficient coupling efficiency (greater than 50%) over a predetermined wavelength range. An evanescent coupling layer, disposed between a coupling prism and an SOI layer, is particularly configured to improve the coupling efficiency. In one embodiment, the thickness of the evanescent layer is reduced below an optimum value for a single wavelength, the reduced thickness improving coupling efficiency over a predetermined wavelength range around a defined center wavelength. Alternatively, a tapered thickness evanescent coupling layer may be used to improve coupling efficiency (or a combination of reduced thickness and tapered configuration). Optical beam steering can be combined with a modified evanescent coupling layer to control the input beam launch angle and further improve coupling efficiency.

A filter and fabrication process for a thin film filter that is based on frustrated total internal reflection and multiple waveguide layers, in which the waveguide modes are resonantly coupled. The physics of the design is related to prism coupling of light into planar waveguides, and waveguide coupling between planar waveguides in close proximity. Embodiments include a filter that acts as a bandpass filter and polarizer, a filter that acts as a bandpass filter, polarizer and angle filter (spatial filter), a filter that is widely tunable, and a filter that is widely tunable in both peak transmission wavelength and width. Methods of fabrication are disclosed, and methods to correct for manufacturing errors in thin film deposition are described. The filter embodiments can also be used in reflection as notch filters in wavelength and angle, for a particular polarization component.

The present invention makes non-grating surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical coupler with plastic to replace optical glass, and belongs to the field of waveguide optics and biological sensing technology. The disposable low cost optical coupler made with low refractive index plastic has low cost, less noise, raised SPR biosensor S/N ratio, convenient instrument operation, and convenient integration with other parts. The SPR biosensor of the present invention may be used in clinical detection, sanitary environment monitoring, industrial production and basic life science research relative to mutual action of macro biomolecules.

A high-speed optical modulator based on Surface Plasmon-Polariton (SPP) at the hetero-junction of a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) tunneling diode and including a phase-matching optical element, such as a prism or gold-lattice structure, is described. An investigation using the coupled mode theory shows that the applied bias across the hetero-junction changes the optical reflectance of an optically coupled MIS tunneling diode, such as a prism-coupled MIS tunneling diode or a gold lattice-coupled MIS tunneling diode, while the modulation efficiency achievable of the device depends on the thickness of the metal film used to construct the tunneling diode.

A device is provided that can be inserted into a spectrophotometer, in order to measure the thickness and refractive index of a thin film that is on a sample plate. A pair of identical parallelogram prisms diverts the spectrophotometer beam to measure the attenuated total reflection, and returns an output beam that is in the original beam path, independent of wavelength and rotation angle. The attenuated total reflection of the thin film sample plate is measured in a prism coupling geometry, as a function of wavelength and angle. From this data, combined with normal incidence transmission data, the thickness and refractive index can be extracted.

Prism coupling systems and methods for characterizing curved parts (20) are disclosed. A coupling surface (44) of a coupling prism (40) is interfaced to the curved outer surface of the curved part to define a coupling interface (50). Measurement light is directed through the coupling prism and to the interface, wherein the measurement light has a width of 3 mm or less. TE and TM mode spectra reflected from the interface are digitally captured. These mode spectra are processed to determine at least one characteristic of the curved part, such as the stress profile, compressive stress, depth of layer, refractive index profile and birefringence.

The invention provides a folding extension display optical device based on prism coupling. The folding extension display optical device comprises a display light source, a collimating lens, a coupling prism, an optical wave coupling input component, an optical wave folding transmission waveguide, an optical wave coupling output component and an optical wave unfolding component, wherein the display light source is used for emitting display optical waves for displaying the needed image; the collimating lens is used for collimating the optical waves emitted by the light source; the coupling prism is used for changing the propagation direction of collimated optical waves; the coupling input component is used for coupling inputting an outside optical signal into a substrate; a folding transmission substrate is used for performing reflection propagation on the coupled and input optical waves so as to reach an output position; the coupling output component is used for coupling and outputting the optical waves from the substrate; and the optical wave unfolding component is used for performing beam expansion on the coupled and output optical waves. The folding extension display optical device disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of compact structure, flexibility, large view field, light weight and the like and can be applied to the fields of wearable display, uniform illumination and mobile display.

A vertical stack of integrated circuits includes at least one CMOS electronic integrated circuit (IC), an SOI-based opto-electronic integrated circuit structure, and an optical input/output coupling element. A plurality of metalized vias may be formed through the thickness of the stack so that electrical connections can be made between each integrated circuit. Various types of optical input/output coupling can be used, such as prism coupling, gratings, inverse tapers, and the like. By separating the optical and electrical functions onto separate ICs, the functionalities of each may be modified without requiring a re-design of the remaining system. By virtue of using SOI-based opto-electronics with the CMOS electronic ICs, a portion of the SOI structure may be exposed to provide access to the waveguiding SOI layer for optical coupling purposes.

The invention discloses a capillary surface plasmon resonance sensor, which comprises an LED (light emitting diode) light source, a collimating lens, a telescopic system, a polarizing film, a capillary to double as a flow cell, and a CCD (charge coupled device) detector; an anti-reflection film is plated at the outer surface of the capillary, and a metal thin film is plated at the inner surface; and the polarized light obtained by the polarizing film is refracted into the capillary by the anti-reflection film arranged at the outer surface of the capillary, and then reflected into the CCD detector by the metal thin film arranged at the inner surface of the capillary. According to the capillary surface plasmon resonance sensor provided by the invention, the conversion of beam pattern and the excitation of SPR (surface plasma resonance) are achieved by the capillary plated with the metal thin film at the inner surface thereof, the traditional prism coupling mode is replaced, the capillary is synchronously to double as the flow cell, and namely the sensor is integrated with the flow cell; and in this way, the structure of the sensor system is smaller, the cost is lower, and the use is more convenient and more reliable.

The invention discloses a hydrogen sulfide gas detection method based on double metal cladding waveguide. According to the hydrogen sulfide gas detection method, hydrogen sulfide gas to be detected is introduced into a prism coupling double metal cladding waveguide sample chamber, a laser is used for emitting parallel light with a wavelength of 1575nm for incidence of the prism coupling double metal cladding waveguide surface at a certain angle, it is ensured that reflected light contains a guide mode attenuation total reflection absorption peak, a CCD detection element is used for receiving the attenuation total reflection absorption peak of the hydrogen sulfide gas to be detected, the gray scale of the darkest attenuation total reflection absorption peak of hydrogen sulfide gas to be detected is measured, and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas to be detected is obtained based on a corresponding scale of the gray scale and the concentration of standard hydrogen sulfide gas. The invention also discloses a hydrogen sulfide gas detection device based on double metal cladding waveguide. The hydrogen sulfide gas detection method and the hydrogen sulfide gas detection device can be used for trace hydrogen sulfide detection, and are high in sensitivity; and the hydrogen sulfide gas detection device is simple in structure, and is portable.

The invention provides a grating structure writing method of a short-wave range reflective volume grating. The method comprises a prism coupling exposure method and a correlation exposure method. Thecentral wavelength of the reflective volume grating prepared by using the grating structure writing method can reach 325nm-650nm. The method provided by the invention provides a new thought for the development of the short-wavelength reflective volume grating, and compared with the existing preparation technology, the technical field of short wavelength is broadened, so that the method has great practical application value in the fields of semiconductor laser wave locking, laser beam combination and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of guided wave optics, and specifically relates to a multi-pass-band and ultra-narrow-band optical filter based on prism coupling. The multi-pass-band and ultra-narrow-band optical filter based on prism coupling includes a composite transparent body (for short, complex) of a cylinder or a square cylinder and a planar optical waveguide, wherein the cylinder or the square cylinder is cut in a longitudinal axis by a certain angle; a planar optical waveguide is prepared on one tangent plane according to the transmission center wavelength, and is formed by thin films with different layers and thickness; the two cutting bodies are fitted and fixed along the tangent plane, and are sealed to form a complex; and the two end surfaces of the complex are each plated with a broadband reflection reducing coating. The single or multiple guided mode waveguide of the multi-pass-band and ultra-narrow-band optical filter based on prism coupling can respectively form a plurality of pass bands with ultra narrow bands in the purple light area, the blue light area, the green light area and the red light area in the visible light areas, wherein the half height width of the pass band can achieve the picometer (10-12m) magnitude; and the center wavelength of each band can realize fine tuning through change of angle. The filtering energy band in the multi-pass-band and ultra-narrow-band optical filter based on prism coupling has the advantages of having symmetrical band shape, being extremely low in the sideband transmittance, having superb narrowband property, being easy to be manufactured into a large aperture device, and being specifically suitable for spectral measurement with high precision.

Various embodiments of the invention provide systems and methods for low-cost, low-power Array Waveguide Grating (AWG)-based miniaturized Raman spectroscopy for use in non-invasive glucose monitoring systems, such as in wearable devices that require no replenishment of chemicals or enzymes. The AWG may be manufactured using VLSI processing technology, which significantly reduces manufacturing cost and replaces holographic grating as the dispersive component of light. In embodiments, the AWG is integrated with a number of PIN photodiode detectors on a substrate to further reduce cost and signal loss. In embodiments, a prism-coupling method eliminates alignment problems associated with traditional approaches that utilize fiber-coupling methods.

The invention discloses a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber resonant gyroscope based on free-form surface lens coupling. Light emitted by a narrow linewidth laser light source passes through a first polarization maintaining optical fiber and then is modulated by a phase modulator to reach a Y waveguide, and the Y waveguide divides the light into two beams of light with equal light intensity; the two beams of light respectively pass through two circulators, are emitted from corresponding second polarization maintaining optical fibers, are coupled through a free-form surface lens coupler and a polarization beam splitter prism, and then enter a hollow-core optical fiber ring; one part of light in the hollow-core optical fiber ring is reflected by the free-form surface lens coupler and then resonates in the hollow-core optical fiber ring, and the other part of light in the hollow-core optical fiber ring passes through the free-form surface lens coupler, then returns to the second polarization maintaining optical fibers, passes through the corresponding circulator and then reaches a corresponding photoelectric detector. The hollow-core photonic crystal fiber resonant gyroscope has the advantages of high integration level, few coupling parts, reduction of relative position errors among elements, more compact overall structure and improvement of the reliability and environmental adaptability; and the manufacturing process is simple in flow and high in stability.

The invention discloses a surface plasmon resonance biochemical analyzer integrated with nucleic acid amplification reaction. The surface plasmon resonance biochemical analyzer integrated with nucleicacid amplification reaction is driven by only one motor to achieve SPR angle automatic adjustment function, angles of incident light and a light receiving device can be simultaneously changed between21.5 degrees and 75.5 degrees, and the angle range can be further expanded. The prism coupling type SPR technology is combined with nucleic acid PCR amplification or isothermal amplification or otheramplification technologies, and the two functions of nucleic acid amplification and SPR detection are achieved on one sensing chip; and a PCR amplification temperature control device is integrated with a SPR prism coupling optical detection device; a sensing chip and a micro-fluidic flow cell of a flow system adopt a separable design, so that biomolecules are fixed on the chip by an offline method and an online method. Corresponding nucleic acid amplification products are detected by adopting a prism coupling type SPR optical system, and fluorescence labeling of the amplification products isnot needed. The SPR detection sensitivity is high, so that the nucleic acid molecule amplification period is shortened, the traditional nucleic acid amplification time is shortened, and the detectionspeed is high.

The invention provides a biosensing chip. The biosensing chip comprises a prism coupling structure, a basement membrane layer, a coupling layer and a conductive layer; the prism coupling structure, the basement membrane layer, the coupling layer and the conductive layer are orderly laminated and combined along a direction to the conductive layer from the coupling structure; the material of the conductive layer is hexagonal boron nitride; a top layer two-dimensional material boron nitride provides a light waveguide model; and the strong coupling of a plasma excimer mode and the light waveguidemode promotes the production of a Fano resonance narrow-line. On the one hand, the biosensing chip provided by the invention inherits ultra-high detection sensitivity and ultra-high detection precision; on the other hand, the excitation wavelength is located at a visible light area by adopting the hexagonal boron nitride, and an application scene and an excitation condition are broadened.