174 results about "Propolin H" patented technology

The invention provides a Litchi preservative and a preparation method thereof. The preservative comprises components in percentage by weight as follows: 4%-8% of honeysuckle extract, 2%-3% of liquorice extract, 1%-3% of litchi rind extract, 0.8%-1.2% of calcium chloride, 1.5%-2% of glycerin, 0.2%-0.6% of chitosan, 0.015%-0.02% of gibberellin, 0.8%-1.2% of sodium dehydroacetate and the balance of water. The Litchi preservative and the preparation method have the benefits as follows: 1, main ingredients are Chinese herb extracts and are safer for freshness keeping of litchis; 2, active ingredients of honeysuckle can be greatly preserved in the extract prepared through ultrahigh pressure extraction and secondary separation of the honeysuckle, and the freshness keeping efficiency is improved; 3, the liquorice extract is prepared with a supercritical extraction method, and active ingredients in liquorice are effectively extracted; 4, litchi rind is extracted with a flash extraction method, the extraction time is short, and the extract has better bacteriostasis action; and 5, the freshness keeping effect is good, and the freshness keeping time is long.

The invention discloses a liquid wound dressing and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials include polyvinyl alcohol, dioctyl phthalate, glycerin, laurocaprazine, chitosan, and nude flower purple pearl; the preparation method is as follows: After polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol are stirred and dissolved at 50°C, laurocaprazine, glycerin, and dioctyl phthalate are added to prepare a sputum solution; add nudibranchs to the scorpion solution, and mix well. The liquid wound plaster of the invention is easy to use, has the effects of hemostasis, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, etc., and has the advantages of good water-proof, air-permeable, no allergic reaction and drug resistance, and not limited by the size and shape of the wound.

The invention provides an attapulgite particle air purification agent which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of modified attapulgite, 4-6 parts of chamomile essential oil, 2-3 parts of ylang essential oil, 1-2 parts of eucalyptus essential oil, 1-2 parts of essential oil of jasminum, 1-2 parts of mastix essential oil, 6-8 parts of glycerol, 8-10 parts of ethyl alcohol, 1-2 parts of chitosan, 6-8 parts of sodium fluoride, 4-5 parts of tartaric acid and 8-10 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. A preparation method of the attapulgite particle air purification agent comprises the following steps: mixing modified attapulgite with chitosan, sodium fluoride, tartaric acid and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate for pelleting, then uniformly mixing with essential oils such as chamomile essential oil and the like and subsequently packing to prepare the attapulgite particle air purification agent. The air purification agent has the functions of purifying air, sterilizing, relaxing mind, deeply relaxing, relieving worries, calm heart, calming nerves and promoting sleep; the air purification agent is long in fragrance releasing time and has a long-term effect.

The invention relates to the technical field of couplants, and in particular relates to a medical disinfecting ultrasonic couplant. The couplant contains the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.5-2% of xanthan gum, 0.1-0.5% of carbomer, 5-8% of glycerol, 4-6% of a traditional Chinese medicine solution and 50-90% of purified water. A preparation method of the couplant comprises the following steps: mixing coptis chinensis, houttuynia cordata, Chinese pulsatilla root, liquorice and poria cocos at a weight ratio of 3: 1: 1: 2: 0.5, decocting twice in 5 times of water by weight, filtering, combining filtrate, decoloring an concentrating until relative density is 1.2-1.3, thus obtaining the traditional Chinese medicine solution; and uniformly mixing the traditional Chinese medicine solution and the purified water, sequentially adding the glycerol, the xanthan gum and the carbomer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the couplant. The medical disinfecting ultrasonic couplant disclosed by the invention is excellent in ultrasonic image and stable in performance, and is applicable to various ultrasonic detections; the medical disinfecting ultrasonic couplant is good in disinfecting effect, and capable of avoiding cross infection and enhancing the ultrasonic detection safety.

The invention discloses an external spraying agent and / or eye drop of compound oil nano-emulsion as well as preparation method thereof. The pH value of the spraying agent and / or eye drop is 3-9. The spraying agent and / or eye drop comprise the following components according to the weight portion: 5-15 of compound oil, 0.5-2.0 of phospholipid, 0.5-3.0 of propanetriol, sodium hydroxide and medicinal water, wherein the compound oil comprises the following components: (1) zedoary turmeric oil and / or peppermint oil, and (2) soybean oil and / or castor oil. The mass ratio of the (1) and the (2) in the compound oil is 1:99-30:70. The spraying agent of the compound oil nano-emulsion, which is prepared by the invention, is used for antibiosis, inflammation diminishing and wound healing in the process of curing burn and scald. The eye drop of the compound oil nano-emulsion is used for curing eye strain, xerophthalmia and eye inflammation.

An exterior-applied urotropine spray for treating hand and foot hyperhidrosis and hircus is prepared from urotropine, alcohol, cosolvent, deodorant, antibacterial agent, antioxidizing agent, surfactant and water through proportional dissolving, stirring, regulating pH value to 4-11, filtering and loading in spray bottles.

The present invention relates to a cooling agent, and medicated ice-bag with said cooling agent and its application method. The cooling agent of said medicated ice-bag is a compound liquor whose composition contains (by volume ratio) 20% of absolute ethyl alcohol, 10% of glycerol, 20% of calcium chloride, 10% of sodium chloride, 1% of berberine and 39% of water. It does not ice at 55 deg.C below zero, and it is made into a flocculent material, its thermal eapacity is 2 calorie / g / deg.C, and it can absorb lots of heat quantity.

A health-care cream able to be applied both internally and externally is prepared from 10 raw materials including vegetable oil, puerarin, tea polyphenol, sodium alginate, propanetriol, etc through preparing solution, emulsion, homogenizing and packing.

A preparing method for propolis and pollen compound massage cream comprises the steps of measuring and taking stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, glycerin monostearate, purified water and the like, mixing the ingredients, keeping water temperature to obtain mixed liquor a, measuring and taking borax, dissolving the borax with distilled water, keeping water temperature, adding the mixed liquor a to form mixed liquor b, measuring and taking propylene glycol and glycerol, heating the propylene glycol and the glycerol, adding the mixed liquor b, stirring to form mixed liquor c, taking refined propolis, smashing the refined propolis into chips, adding ethyl alcohol to obtain propolis and ethanol solution, taking bee pollen, adding ethyl alcohol and distilled water to be mixed with the bee pollen, stirring and soaking, combining liquid supernatant twice, heating and concentrating the liquid supernatant in a water bath kettle, controlling the water temperature, smashing Chinese herbal medicine of common cnidium fruits and the like, adding water to boil the Chinese herbal medicine, combing percolate twice, taking and heating mixed liquor of the propolis, the pollen and the Chinese herbal medicine, closing the water bath kettle, slowly adding the bee pollen liquor, the propolis liquor and the Chinese herbal medicine liquor, stirring, adding the defined amount of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the like after the temperature falls, and stirring and cooling to obtain finished products of the compound massage cream.

The invention discloses an antimicrobial preparation used in female period and before and after sexual life for health care and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical health care. The preparation consists of raw materials with the following weight percentage composition prepared: 1-10 parts of tea saponin, 1-5 parts of organic zinc, 10-20 parts of alkyl polyglucoside, 0.2-5 parts of xanthan gum, 0.1-5 parts of citral, 0.1-5 parts of cinnaldehyde, 0.1-10 parts of vanillin, 2-15 parts of lactic acid, 1-5 parts of caprylic capric triglycerride, 1-10 parts of glycerol, 0.1-3 parts of menthol and a proper amount of deionized water. The preparation employs compound formula of natural plant extracts and food additive organic zinc and prepares the acidic antimicrobial agent with functions of cleaning, antibiosis, health care and nursing through modern nano technology.

The invention discloses an iodine-chitosan solution formula and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the iodine-chitosan solution include iodine-chitosan, glacial acetic acid, polysorbate-20, glycerol, potassium iodate and purified water. The preparation method comprises the following steps that: (1) the materials are weighed; (2) the glacial acetic acid, polysorbate-20, glycerol and purified water are added into the iodine-chitosan and uniformly mixed to totally dissolve; (3) the potassium iodate is dissolved by the purified water and then added into the materials and uniformly mixed; (4) the purified water is added inside the materials to reach 100 percent and the materials are uniformly mixed; and (5) the mixture is filtered, filled, packaged to obtain the iodine-chitosan solution. In the iodine-chitosan solution, the iodine-chitosan plays the role of disinfection and sterilization, the glacial acetic acid plays the role of pH value adjustment and synergetic solubilization, the polysorbate-20 plays the role of solubilization, the glycerol plays the role of blending and moisture retention, the potassium iodate plays the role of a stabilizer, and the iodine-chitosan plays the role of disinfection; and the iodine-chitosan solution can be used for skin disinfection of operation sites or injection sites and auxiliary treatment of small cuts, and also can be used for washing treatment of vagina inflammation and treatment and disinfection of oral diseases.

The invention discloses a piece of anti-adhesion hygroscopic medical acid-sensitive antiseptic gauze and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the fields of medical gauze and a preparation method thereof. The piece of gauze comprises a medical gauze base material and a gel layer adhered onto the medical gauze base material, wherein the gel layer is prepared from a mixed soaking solution; the mixed soaking solution comprises an antibacterial traditional Chinese medicine extract, sodium alga acid, citric acid, glycerin and water; the antibacterial traditional Chinese medicine extract is a complex extract of folium isatidis and herba houttuyniae. The preparation method comprises the following steps: boiling, filtering and concentrating to obtain the antibacterial traditional Chinese medicine extract; mixing the antibacterial traditional Chinese medicine extract, citric acid, glycerin and sodium alga acid solution to obtain a mixed solution; immersing ordinary medical gauze in the mixed solution, fully wetting the medical gauze, taking out the medical gauze, and drying the medical gauze in a drying oven. The preparation method is simple, and the prepared medical gauze has an anti-adhesion hygroscopic effect, is acid-sensitive and has an antibacterial effect.

The invention discloses a gel used for skin diseases and a preparation method of the gel. The gel is prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan as a main active ingredient. The gel is prepared from the following raw materials: carboxymethyl chitosan, stearic acid, glycerol monostearate ester, potassium carbonate, triethanolamine, glycerol, paeonol and purified water. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) weighing the materials; (2) taking a matrix prepared from stearic acid, potassium carbonate, glycerol monostearate ester, triethanolamine, glycerol and purified water and heating; (3) adding paeonol, stirring uniformly, thus obtaining an ointment; (4) adding carboxymethyl chitosan to purified water, stirring to be dissolved, then adding to the ointment; and (5) stirring slowly to form the gel and obtaining a product. The gel disclosed by the invention has bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, itching-stopping, scarring-reducing, skin-moistening and skincare effects, and the advantages of good stability, excellent bactericidal effect and convenience in using, and is applicable to the skin diseases of acne vulgaris, skin eczema, photosensitivity dermatitis and the like.

The application discloses a draught fan dedusting stripping scale inhibitor and a preparation method thereof. The scale inhibitor is prepared from sodium polyacrylate, sodium lauryl sulfate, glycerol, bis-imidazoline, distilled water, cyclohexane, phosphorus trichloride, methyl alcohol, zinc chloride, sodium gluconate and glacial acetic acid, and is simple in operation, poisonless and tasteless, safe and reliable, and can run 1 to 3 months without scaling; the use amount of the scale inhibitor is less, only 0.5 to 2.5 mg / L, and the cost is saved; the effect is lasting, the scale inhibitor can be stored for one month at the temperature of 40 to 60 DEG C, and the scale inhibiting ratio is 97 to 100 percent.

The invention discloses a preparation method of disinfect and sterile spray for preventing bouine mastitis. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: A, taking 70-90 parts by weight of radix sophorae flavescentis, adding 280-360 parts by weight of deionized water, decocting for 50-60 minutes, filtrating, and concentrating till the relative density is 1.03-1.05 at a temperature of 60 DEG C; B, adding 520-640 parts by weight of deionized water into a dissolving kettle, heating to 40-50 DEG C, then adding 7-8 parts by weight of chlorhexidine gluconate, 60-80 parts by weight of glycerin, 15-20 parts by weight of menthol, and 240-340 parts by weight of ethanol and evenly mixing; and C, mixing a concentrated solution in the step A and a mixed solution in the step B, and adding 1-2 parts by weight of food brilliant blue and evenly stirring; and canning, and sealing to obtain the disinfect and sterile spray after 260-360 parts by weight of dimethyl ether is charged. An application method of the disinfect and sterile spray comprises the following steps of: vertically and directionally spraying the disinfect and sterile spray on the places which are 1cm far away from nipples below the nipples after milking each time, and covering liquid medicine on the nipples.

The invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine bath liquid for pets and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of pet products. The traditional Chinese medicine bath liquid is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-65 parts of water, 8-22 parts of ethanol, 13-25 parts of glycerin, 4-9 parts of citric acid, 3-7 parts of sodium hydrosulfite, 3-6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 2-5 parts of sodium chloride, 2-6 parts of sodium laureth sulfate, 1-4 parts of magnesium chloride and 1-4 parts of magnesium nitrate. The traditional Chinese medicine bath liquid is simple in process, quietly elegant in aroma, fine in texture, good in permeability and ductility and strong in detersive power, and the hairs of a pet are aromatic and quietly elegant after the bath liquid is applied to the pet; the added traditional Chinese medicine ingredients are capable of effectively killing bacteria and parasites attached to the hairs of pet cats and dogs and preventing the pets from being infected with skin diseases. Therefore, the bath liquid is very suitable for the domestic pet cats and dogs.

The invention discloses electronic cigarette tar with the gingival health-care effect. The electronic cigarette tar comprises base liquid and traditional-Chinese-medicine extracting liquid; the base liquid is prepared from propylene glycol and glycerin; the traditional-Chinese-medicine extracting liquid is prepared from one or more of astragalus membranaceus, mint, lonicera japonica, herba houttuyniae, licorice roots, drynaria rhizomes, the roots of red-rooted salvia, radix notoginseng, radix scutellariae, acacia catechu, bletilla striata and borneol; the electronic cigarette tar has the certain health-care effects of nursing gingivae, resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation and eliminating ozostomia.

The invention discloses a composition having a preservative efficacy as well as a preparation method and an application of the composition. The composition having the preservative efficacy consists of 0.5-10 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, 10-80 parts by weight of 1,2-pentanediol, 10-80 parts by weight of 1,2-octanediol, 10-80 parts by weight of 1,2-hexanediol, 1-30 parts by weight of 1,2-propanediol, 1-30 parts by weight of 1,3-butanediol and 1-30 parts by weight of propanetriol. According to the preparation method of the composition having the preservative efficacy, the composition is prepared by mixing the materials in accordance with the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring and dissolving an obtained mixture. The composition having the preservative efficacy can take a preservative effect in cosmetics, wherein the content of the composition having the preservative efficacy in the cosmetics is 0.1-5%. The composition having the preservative efficacy is free from any banned and restricted preservative components, and the composition can take a relatively ideal antibacterial effect and broad-spectrum antibacterial and preservative capacities on bacteria and fungi.

The invention discloses a core piece for a filtration and lung moistening mask. The core piece is composed of prepared liquid and a base material for bearing the prepared liquid. The core piece is characterized in that the base material is formed by bonding multiple layers of 100% cotton spunlace non-woven fabric, the prepared liquid comprises, by weight, 1-2% of xylitol, 0.3-0.4% of PHENONIP, 0.3-0.5% of CH4O, 0.3-0.5% of VE, 0.6-0.8% of PHMG, 0.5-1% of propylene glycol, 0.5-1% of glycerine, 0.5-1% of ALOE, 0.5-1% of seamollient, 0.5-1% of tremella extracts, 0.5-2% of traditional Chinese medicine extracts, 0.5-2% of fruit extracts and the balance secondary reverse osmosis distilled water. According to the core piece for the filtration and lung moistening mask, the ALOE, the seamollient, the tremella extracts, the traditional Chinese medicine extracts and the fruit extracts in the prepared liquid are all natural extracts, therefore, the prepared liquid has the antibacterial property and can further nourish yin and moisten the lungs, the product formula is stable, free of poison and free of stimulation, and the filtering effect of the mask is improved.

The invention discloses a skin care cream containing titanium dioxide, and a preparation method thereof. The skin care cream comprises, by weight, 6-12 parts of glycerol, 2-5 parts of stearic acid, 3-5 parts of octadecanol or cetanol, 30-50 parts of an emulsifier, 5-12 parts of a humectant, 1-3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.2-0.5 parts of an essence, 0.1-0.5 parts of triethanolamine, 0.2-1.0 part of acetylated lanolin, 3-5 parts of glycerin, and 10-15 parts of deionized water. The skin care cream containing titanium dioxide has no greasy feeling, has the skin maintenance function, is especially suitable for the use in summer because of the cool and refreshing feeling, avoids acnes caused by the obstruction of sweat pores because of the low grease content, can delay the high activity time of SOD, and has a long half-life period.

The invention provides an environment-friendly fungus preservation solution. The environment-friendly fungus preservation solution is prepared from the following raw materials: an antibacterial aqueous extract of traditional Chinese medicines, vitamin C, a stabilizer, a fixing agent, glycerol, acetic acid and deionized water and has a pH value of 3.8 to 4.2. According to the invention, the antibacterial aqueous extract of traditional Chinese medicines is added into the solution; the aqueous extract obtained from compound antibacterial traditional Chinese medicinal materials has good effect onkilling bacteria and broad-spectrum and efficient effect, is low in power on fungi, and is thus applicable as a preservative solution additive for fungi.

The invention relates to an emollient composition for topical use that comprises a combination of glycerol, Vaseline and liquid paraffin as an active principle, in the form of an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion. The invention also relates to: the use thereof for preparing a drug for treating dry skin conditions associated with certain dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis conditions and psoriasis; the use thereof for preparing a drug for treating small superficial burns; and the use thereof for preparing a drug for preventing and / or treating and / or reducing the frequency and intensity of eczema attacks observed in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis.

The present invention relates to a foam-type waterless shampoo composition. The composition of the present invention comprises: 0.1-5 wt% of Potassium Cocoyl hydrolyzed collagen, 0.01-2 wt% of Palmitoyl oligopeptide, 0.1-7 wt% of Cocamidopropyl betaine, 0.01-0.8 wt% of citric acid, 0.1-4 wt% of sodium carbonate; 0.01-0.5 wt% of Origanum vulgare leaf oil; 0.01-0.6 wt% of garlic acid, 0.01-3 wt% of glycerin; and distilled water. The composition for indoor use further comprises: 0.01-0.2 wt% of saponin; 0.01-0.4 wt% of Camellia sinensis leaf extract; 0.01-0.3 wt% of Glycyrrhiza inflata root extract; 0.01-0.3 wt% of Cnidium officinale root extract; 0.01-0.5 wt% of Astragalus membranaceus root extract; and 0.01-0.4 wt% of Cinnamomum cassia bark extract, while the composition for outdoor use further comprises, on top of the composition for indoor use: 0.01-0.5 wt% of menthol; 0.001-0.3 wt% of Bambusa vulgaris leaf extract; 0.01-0.4 wt% of Helianthus annuus (sunflower) sprout extract; and 0.01-0.3 wt% of Euterpe oleracea fruit oil.

The invention provides a preparation method of an antibacterial and heat-accumulating radix isatidis modified PE master batch. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a radixisatidis extract, modifying the radix isatidis extract, preparing a loading agent, loading the extract, preparing a functional master batch and carrying out post-treatment, wherein the post-treatmentcomprises the steps of preparing a post-treatment solution, mixing and heating the components, and cleaning and drying the mixture; the preparation of the post-treatment liquid comprises the followingraw material components in parts by weight: 10 to 13 parts of grape polyphenol, 6 to 8 parts of sorbitol, 15 to 18 parts of sodium alginate, 7 to 7.8 parts of gallic acid, 2 to 3 parts of sodium stearate, 9 to 11 parts of glycerol, 4 to 5 parts of vitamin E, 3 to 3.5 parts of mannitol and 30 to 35 parts of deionized water. According to the preparation method, the antibacterial stability, the washing resistance and the heat storage performance of the isatis root modified PE master batch are improved.

The invention discloses speckle-removing cream containing the lipidosome of hydrolyzed pearl solution. The speckle-removing cream is made by emulsionizing and homogenizing glycerin monostearate, caprylic / capric triglyceride, dimethyl silicon oil, white petrolatum, stearic acid, propanetriol, polyacrylic acid thickening agent, propanediol, para hydroxybenzene methyl formate, the lipidosome of the hydrolyzed pearl solution, Beta- hydroxy-D-glucopyranoside, the palmitic acid of vitamin C, trolamine, essence, imidazolidinyl urea and deionized water. The technology of manufacturing speckle-removing cream is simple. The speckle-removing cream makes use of the amino acid and microelements in the hydrolyzed pearl solution and nutrient substances, such as polypeptide, etc. The whitening and speckle-removing ingredients of the Beta-hydroxy-D-glucopyranoside and the palmitic acid of vitamin C are used for assisting to act on skin to inhibit the activity of tyrosinase and lighten and restrain the formation of melanin, thus achieving the effects of whitening and removing the speckle.

The invention discloses Chinese herbal perfume capable of relieving fatigue and a preparation method. Raw materials of the perfume comprise Chinese herbal essential oil, ethanol, glycerine, distilled water, sodium alginate, Chinese herbal absorption enhancers, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and sodium pyrrolidonecarboxylate. The perfume is capable of regulating mood anxiety and relieving body fatigue, fragrance is brought about, and meanwhile physical and mental health is facilitated.

The invention discloses a gynostemme pentaphylium soft capsule and its preparing process, wherein the capsule includes capsule shell and capsule liquid, wherein the capsule shell comprises gelatin, glycerin, methyl hydroxybenzoate and purified water, wherein the percentages by weight of the compositions is 1:0.35:0.1:0.003:1, while the capsule liquid comprises gynostemma pentaphylla triterpenes, polyethylene glycol -400 and propylene glycol by the weight percent of 2:7:1. The medicinal granules are obtained from allocated capsule shell and capsule liquid in the soft capsule making machine.

The invention relates to an external application preparation for curing persistent ailment of ringworm of scalp and tinea corporis. The composing prescription contains industrial materials, such as glycerine, acetic acid , ethanol, deionized water, etc., wherein, composite Chinese herbal concentrated solution which is extracted from special medical materials, such as green fleabane, Chinese arborvitae leaf, blattbulume, Chinese honeylocust, argy wormwood leaf, common cnidium fruit, flaccid knotweed herb, cortex dictamni radicis, weeping forsythia capsule, glabrous greenbrier rhizome, Chinese wingnut leaf, and the like, is also added. The external application preparation of the invention has a preparation method that: the deionized water is added into acetic acid, then the composite Chinese herbal concentrated solution and the deionized water are added, in the acetic acid water solution, glycerine and the deionized water are added slowly, mixed and evenly stirred, then the azone ethanol mixing solution and the deionized water are added, mixed and evenly stirred, finally the external application preparation is obtained. The effective rate can reach up to 99 percent for curing the persistent ailment of ringworm of scalp and tinea corporis.

The invention relates to a bactericidal towel detergent which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1.6 parts of antioxidant, 4-7 parts of chrysanthemum flower, 8-12 parts of bactericide, 10-14 parts of glycerol, 2-4 parts of benzalkonium bromide, 7-9 parts of AES, 4-6 parts of lignosulfonate, 1-5 parts of polytetrahydrofuran ether, 2-6 parts of p-chlorometaxylene phenol, 3-7 parts of sodium carbonate, 4-5 parts of ethanol, 8-16 parts of Mangnolia officinalis, 4-9 parts of aloe and 3-4 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower. The bactericidal towel detergent synchronously completes cleaning and sterilization, and has the advantages of high efficiency, stable performance and no toxic or side effect.